JUDGMENT
Reilly, J.
1. In this case the plaintiff has obtained a decree to enforce a charge in* his favour for a maintenance allowance, and defendant No. 12, who has obtained a mortgage right over some of the property concerned, appeals. Mr. Sitarama Rao for defendant No. 12. has urged two points before us. His first argument is that neither the plaintiff nor his father was a party to the proceedings in which this charge was created. It appears that in Original Suit No. 63 of 1899 on the file of the Additional Subordinate Judge of Tinnevelly, which was an inter-pleader suit regarding the Vadimitta zemindari there was eventually a decree in accordance with an arbitrator’s award; but that award merely embodied a razinama put in by the parties before the arbitrator. In accordance with that decree the present defendant No. 1 got one-fourth of the zemindari but was bound to pay a maintenance allowance to the plaintiff’s father and his heirs, charged upon part of the one-fourth of the zemindari which defendant No. 1 obtained by the decree. The plaintiff’s father was not a party to that suit, and therefore Mr, Sitarama Rao contends that the plaintiff cannot enforce the charge created by that decree. For this he relies upon Hira Singh v. Ganga Sobai 6 A. 322 : 11 I.A. 20 : 4 Sar. P.C.J. 491 (P.C.). In that case under an award between other parties certain property was allotted by the arbitrator to a person who had no legal right to it and who was not a party to the arbitration. Their Lordships of the Privy Council held that that person could not sue to enforce the award in his favour. To my mind that case embodies little more than an aspect of the general rule that a person cannot sue on a contract to which he is not a party. If A and B contract that one of them shall make a payment to C, C. cannot sue on that contract. But it does not follow from that rule that a cestui que trust cannot sue to enforce the trust in his favour, though he had nothing whatever to do with its creation, or that a person in whole favour a charge is created on immoveable property cannot enforce that charge merely because he has not been a party to the transaction or proceedings in which the charge was created. In Khwaja Muhammad Khan v. Husaini Begam 7 Ind. Cas. 237 : 32 A. 410 : 14 C.W.N. 865 : 7 A.L.J. 871 : (1910) M.W.N. 313 : 8 M.L.T. 147 : 12 C.L.J. 205 : 12 Bom. L.R. 638 : 20 M.L.J. 614 : 37 I.A. 152 (P.C.) there was an agreement between a bride’s father-in-law and her parents that the father-in-law should make a monthly payment to the bride, and that was charged upon immoveable property. Their Lordships of the Privy Council held that, though the bride was not a party to that transaction, she was entitled in equity to enforce the charge. They held that the principle of Tweddle v. Atkinson (1861) 1 B. & S. 393 : 30 L.J.Q.B. 265 : 8 Jur. (N.S.) 332 : 4 L.T. 468 : 9 W.R. 781 : 121 E.R. 762 : 124 R.R. 610 did not apply to such cases. In this Presidency in Shuppu Ammal v. Subramaniam 4 Ind. Cas. 1083 : 33 M. 338 : 19 M.L.J. 739 : 8 M.L.T. 249 it was decided that a mother was entitled to sue to enforce a charge created in her favour by her sons in a partition between them to which she was not a party. It will be noticed that in both those cases not only was there a charge but a charge created in circumstances of some sort of family settlement. The present case cannot be distinguished from those cases on that ground because the plaintiff and his father were members of a zemindari family and entitled to some consideration and maintenance on that account. Other cases have been quoted before us in which persons have been permitted to enforce claims arising out of family settlements to which they have been no parties, even though there has been no charge in their favour; but it is unnecessary to consider them in the present case, as here we have a definite charge, on which the plaintiff rests his claim. Mr. Sitarama Rao seeks to distinguish this case and to bring it within the scope of the decision in Hira Singh v. Ganga Sahai 6 A. 322 : 11 I.A. 20 : 4 Sar. P.C.J. 491 (P.C.) by pointing out that the charge here arose out of an award. I doubt whether the fact that charge was created by an award would by itself be sufficient to prevent the charge-holder from enforcing it when he was not a party to the award. But in this case it happens that, although the decree proceeds formally on the arbitrator’s award, the award itself merely embodies the razinama between the parties to Original Suit No. 63 of 1899. In my opinion the plaintiff is entitled to enforce the charge.
2. Mr. Sitarama Rao’s second contention is that the plaintiff has lost his right to enforce the charge in consequence of what happened in another suit, Original Suit No. 4 of 1901 on the Subordinate Judge’s file. In that case one Nachiappa Chetti sued the present defendant No. 1, his son and the plaintiff’s father on the basis of a mortgage of a previous maintenance allowance by defendant No. 1 and the plaintiff’s father in favour of his assignor and asked originally for a decree against defendant No. 1, his son and the plaintiffs father enforcing the mortgage against certain property. In the end there was a razinama decree in that suit, by which Nachiappa Chetti got a decree for money and also a right to sell certain items of property. Mr. Sitarama Rao points out that the plaintiff’s father, though he was not a party to the razinama in that suit, informed the Court through his Vakil that he had no objection to a decree being passed in accordance with the razinama and in it no provision was made for this charge which the plaintiff is suing to enforce. Mr. Sitarama Rao argues that the plaintiff’s father having failed to get his charge reserved in that proceeding the plaintiff cannot now enforce it. When we examine what happened in that suit more carefully, we find that the razinama decree eventually made a new arrangement in favour of Nachiappa Chetti. In the razinama on which the decree was based it is explained that Nachiappa Chetti sued to get a mortgage decree against certain items of property, which, defendant No. 1 had got in his share of the zemindari in Original Suit No. 63 of 1899. Even in regard to those items Nachiappa Chetti did not get an ordinary mortgage decree for the sale of them on the basis of the mortgage on which he sued. He got a rather curious decree, by which defendant No. 1 and his son were to pay him Rs. 7,250 in instalments spread over a considerable period and in default a charge was created on four out of the items which he had included in his suit. It appears to me that what Nachiappa Chetti got in that case was not a decree on the mortgage on which he was suing but a money decree and a new charge in accordance with the terms of the razinama which was something quite different from the mortgage on which he was suing. If that is so, then the charge which the plaintiff’s father had got through the razinama decree in Original Suit No. 63 of 1899 was obviously prior to the charge which Nachiappa Chetti got by the decree in Original Suit No. 42 of 1901. In that view of the case the plaintiff’s father might well say that he was quite willing that such a decree should be made charging defendant No. 1’s property; he was not concerned, and he had no objection because it did not affect the charge which he had obtained under the decree in O.S. No. 63 of 1899 as indeed it did not. In that view of the case in my opinion this contention also of Mr. Sitarama Rao fails.
3. Therefore, without going into the discussion which hap been raised about the identity of the items of property in this case and the way in which defendant No. 12 put his pleadings I think it is clear that this appeal should be dismissed with the plaintiff’s costs.
Jackson, J.
4. I agree.
