{"id":121952,"date":"1998-12-17T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1998-12-16T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998"},"modified":"2015-10-28T10:25:07","modified_gmt":"2015-10-28T04:55:07","slug":"further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998","title":{"rendered":"Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court … on 17 December, 1998"},"content":{"rendered":"
Lok Sabha Debates<\/div>\n
Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court … on 17 December, 1998<\/div>\n<\/p>\n
<\/pre>\n
                                          NT>
\nTitle: Further  discussion on the motion for consideration of the High Court and Supreme Court  Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service Amendment) Bill,  1998. <\/p>\n
15.48 hrs. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u0905\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0939\u0924\u093e  (\u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092a\u0941\u0930) : \u0938\u092d\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f \u091c\u0940, \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u092c\u094b\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e  \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u092e\u094d \u0938\u0935\u0930\u094d\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092e\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0924\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0916-\u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947  \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u092e\u094d\u092d \u0939\u0948\u0902,  \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0964 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930  \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u094b \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0938\u091c\u0917 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0924\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0915\u0924, \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935\u092e\u0941\u0915\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964  \u0909\u0928\u0915\u094b \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0930\u0923-\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e  \u091a\u0928\u094d\u093f\u0924\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964  \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947, \u0915\u0941\u091b  \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e  \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0942\u0902\u0917\u093e, \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u091a\u0915\u093f\u091a\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902\u0964  \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u095d\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u092e \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940  \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0947\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u095d\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0905\u0917\u0930 \u0910\u0938\u093e  \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0905\u0917\u0930  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0936 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0916-\u0938\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u095d\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940  \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0924\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0958\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u0939 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940  \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0917\u0941\u0902\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0936 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u092c  \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0924\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0924\u094b  \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u0936\u0902\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u0948\u0930\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u0924  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0936 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930  \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940  \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0928\u091a\u093e\u0939\u0947 \u0935\u0915\u0940\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092b \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940  \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0935\u093f\u0926 \u092d\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0906\u0902\u0916 \u092d\u0930\u0928\u0947  \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0935\u0915\u0940\u0932 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092b \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939  \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0906\u091c \u0915\u0908 \u0928\u093f\u091a\u0932\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0902\u091a\u0940  \u0905\u0926\u093e\u0932\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0932\u092e \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u0930  \u0915\u093e \u0916\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0930\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0917\u0948\u0930\u0939 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940  \u0905\u0935\u0939\u0947\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0939 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930  \u0915\u0939 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902\u0964 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0902, \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0916\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0915\u093f\u090f  \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b  \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940  \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u094c\u0915\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e  \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0941\u092a\u090f \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u093f\u0925\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0908  \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u094b \u0930\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0915\u0930 \u0924\u0941\u0930\u0924-\u092b\u0941\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u093e  \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0938 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u093e  \u0926\u093e\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b \u092a\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0938\u0940\u092c \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906,  \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u0938 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0936\u094d\u093f\u091a\u0924\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947  \u0930\u0942\u092a\u090f \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0917\u0930 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u093f\u0924  \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0927\u0940\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0902  \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0940, \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932  \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924  \u0915\u0939\u0940, \u0924\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u091c\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0924\u0915 \u092f\u0939  \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0925\u0940 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947  \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0947\u0936 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0905\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u092e\u094d\u093f\u092c\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947  \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0930\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0924\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0917\u0939 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e  \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0905\u0916\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0928 \u092a\u095d\u0947\u0902, \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0928 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0938 \u0928  \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902, \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0905\u092c \u0938\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948  \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0936 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0935\u0947 \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0924\u0947  \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091f\u0940.\u0935\u0940. \u092d\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e  \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e  \u0906\u0927\u093e-\u0905\u0927\u0942\u0930\u093e \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930  \u0915\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u0906\u0936\u0902\u0915\u093e  \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947\u0964  \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0939\u092e \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0916-\u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092c\u095d\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938  \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u0915 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0906\u091c \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e  \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u0947 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u093f\u092c\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u0926  \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0939\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940  \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940-\u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940 \u091b\u0941\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u092e \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932  \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940 \u091b\u0941\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902  \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u092f\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948? \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u0938\u092d\u0940  \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u092d\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u091a\u0932 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u0941\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092f\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948? \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f  \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091b\u0941\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0935\u0930\u094d\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0902,  \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0935\u0930\u094d\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947  \u091c\u094b\u095c\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0935\u0930\u094d\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f  \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0939\u0948 \u0905\u0917\u0930 \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947  \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0930 \u0932\u0917 \u091c\u093e\u090f? \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u092a\u0940.\u0906\u0908.\u090f\u0932. \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902  \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0942\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0940.\u0906\u0908.\u090f\u0932. \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e  \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u092b\u093e \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u090f.\u090f\u0938.\u0906\u0928\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u0940  \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e:\n<\/p>\n
“The judiciary wakes up the executive … It will continue to be the alarm  clock.” \u0938\u092d\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0939\u094b\u0926\u092f (\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947.\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940):  \u092e\u0947\u0939\u0924\u093e \u091c\u0940, \u0905\u092c \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u0905\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0939\u0924\u093e  (\u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092a\u0941\u0930) : \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u092a\u093e\u0902\u091a \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964 \u0905\u092d\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902  \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947.\u0906\u0930.\u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0923\u0928 \u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e  \u0925\u093e:\n<\/p>\n
“People’s faith in judicial redressal would be eroded if justice delayed is  seen as justice denied.” \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u093f\u0925\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e  \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u091c\u0938\u094d\u093f\u091f\u0938 \u0906\u0928\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u0948\u0915\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928  \u0939\u0948:\n<\/p>\n
‘Periodic wake up calls are necessary in India not only for the dithering  executive but also for the slow grinding judiciary.” \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u094b\u0902  \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930  \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940  \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u0943\u093e\u0924\u094d\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u092c \u0906\u0924\u0902\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094c\u0930  \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u0906\u0924\u0902\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u0947 \u091a\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u0947  \u0925\u0947 \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940-\u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0916\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930  \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0924\u094b \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0936 \u0939\u0940 \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930  \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0916\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u095d\u0924\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0902\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u091c\u092c \u0906\u0924\u0902\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e  \u0926\u094c\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0924\u094b \u092c\u095c\u0947 \u0906\u0936\u094d\u091a\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0939\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0938  \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940-\u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u091c\u0947\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0947\u091c\u093e  \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u093e, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902  \u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0924\u0902\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0947\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902  \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0902\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923  \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f-\u092a\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0923 \u092a\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940  \u092a\u095c\u0940\u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u0939 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902  \u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u091c\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0947\u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c  \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930\u0940  \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u0905\u092d\u0940 \u0906\u092a \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e  \u0915\u093f \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u0930\u093e\u092f \u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u091c\u092c “\u091f\u093e\u0921\u093e” \u0915\u093e  \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u093e \u091a\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0924\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938-\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0936\u094b\u092d\u0928\u0940\u092f \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902  \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0964 \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u094b  \u0907\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0947  \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906  \u0915\u093f \u092e\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0938\u092a\u0947\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0940\u091c \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u093e \u0906\u092f\u093e  \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u093e\u0907 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u0940 \u0926\u0947 \u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0924\u094b \u0915\u0949\u0902\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u091f\u092f\u0942\u0936\u0928\u0932  \u092b\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964\n<\/p>\n
16.00 hrs. \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902  \u0939\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092e\u0939\u094b\u0926\u092f, \u090f\u0915\u093f\u091c\u0915\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0935\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908  \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f  \u0935\u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u092e\u0940\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e  \u091c\u0941\u0921\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u093e  \u0907\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0940\u091a\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u095c \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0964 \u0905\u0917\u0930 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902  \u0935\u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940, \u0924\u094b \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940  \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u091c \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947\u0964 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0939\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u093e  \u0939\u0942\u0902\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0915\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0928  \u0915\u093e \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902\u0964\n<\/p>\n
Here I quote what the famous British editor, Mr. Richard Ingrams said:\n<\/p>\n
“I have come to regard the law court not as a cathedral but as a casino where  so much depends on the throw of the dice.” \u0905\u0917\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940, \u0924\u094b  \u0932\u0949-\u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0909\u0920 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u0939\u092e \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0924 \u0939\u0948 – \u092a\u0902\u091a  \u092a\u0930\u092e\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0917\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0936 \u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0938  \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0939\u092e \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964 \u092e\u0939\u094b\u0926\u092f, \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0948\u0902  \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094b  \u0905\u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0924\u094b \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0942\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e  \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u092e\u0926\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0906\u092e\u0926\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u095d\u0947, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928  \u0935\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093f\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940  \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902\u0964\n<\/p>\n
SHRI S. MALLIKARJUNIAH <\/a>(TUMKUR<\/a>): Mr. Chairman, Sir, I wish to speak in  Kannada. I have already indicated my desire to speak in Kannada if necessary  arrangements were made. (Interruptions) You should also know that there is a  language called Kannada in the South. You should be in touch with the languages  which are existing in this country.\n<\/p>\n
>SHRI S. MALLIKARJUNAIAH <\/a>(TUMKUR<\/a>) : Mr. Chairman Sir, the  Government has brought this High Court and Supreme Court Judges Amendment Bill,  1998 to enhance the salaries and other facilities of judges. This Bill enable  the judges to get more facilities. Specially, columns 4, 6, 9 and 11 of Bill  have to be implemented by the Government with immediate effect and without any  further delay. I express my hapiness about the intentions of this Bill. Pay  Commissions are set up from time to time to look into and to improve the salary  and other facilities of Government employees. There will be no representative of  labour class and farmers in the Pay Commission set up by the Government of  India. High officials and retired officials constitute the Pay Commission. They  provide sufficient statestics and enable the white collared officials to get  more and moe facilities. The common people also would agree with the  recommendations of the Pay Commissions. In fact, this is the tradition in our  country. The Commission increases the salary of IAS, IPS and other highly  pleaced officials.\n<\/p>\n
The retirement age of Central Government employees has been extended by two  years by the Pay Commission recently. This has created tension in the minds of  educated youths in the country. The youths are feeling that they are lossing  their job opportunities because of the increase in the retirement age of  Government employees from 60 to 62 years and from 58 to 60 years. These  employees who enjoy all the facilities for about 25 to 30 will get another two  years of extension. This logic of extension is not at all convincing to me.  Unemployment problem is rampant throughout our nation. Some people are becoming  naxalites. They are involving themselves in criminal activities. They are  resorting to violence. What is the reason for this? Justice is not meted out to  them. They feel that there is no justice for them. They are also feeling that  the hapless youths are being exploited to the maximum extent The higher  officials are grabbing all the facilities and there are no job  ______________________________________________________________________________ <\/p>\n
* Original in Kannada <\/p>\n
opportunities to the youths. This feeling in the minds of the younger  generation is encouraging them to become revolutionary. They begin to indulge in  so many anti-social activities. The Government should give a serious thought  about this matter. The Commission has given its recommendation and the  Government is implementing those recommendations. But who set up this  Commission? It is the previous Government which has constituted this Commission.  Most of the white collared officials and other Government employees who are  responsible for the Constitution of the Pay Commission. This Commission benefits  the Government employees.\n<\/p>\n
But who will look after the poor man. He is residing in a hut. He cannot send  his children to school. There is no cloth for him. There are no medical  facilities for him. He does not feel that tomorrow is bright for him. Who will  think about him ? Major chunk of the money is being utilised for providing all  kinds of facilities for the white collared officials. The poor man is becoming  very poor and he ultimately will resort to begging. Now can you being in  equality in the society? Some people say that we are all equal. But where is  equality and where is equal opportunity in our society? Those who have got an  upper hand in the society have equal oppotunities (perhaps best opportunities).  The poor and depressed person has not future. He cannot earn his livelihood. He  cannot get two square meals a day. This is the pathetic condition of a poor man  in our country. He cannot impart any kind of education to this children. Under  these critical circumstances our own people are ignoring the need of poor  people. They want everything on this earth for themselves. I call it as heinous  crime which we are committing against the society. This is not at all proper.  Judges should get more salary. They should be given jobs even after their  retirement. They should also get all pensionary benefits including gratuity,  family pension, etc. etc. On the other hand the poor man gets nothing if he dies  in an accident. What facilities are we giving to children of a poor man who dies  in an accident? What does his widow get? We cannot give a house to her to live.  Even a site is not given to the widow and her children. A paltry amount of Rs  20,000\/- is not sanctioned to the family of the dead. What type of equality is  this? What type of society we have? We have the Consitution. People have the  right to vote. Unfortunately, we forget the fact that the poor people are  exploited. They are ignorant and we want them to continue like that. There is a  proverb in Kannada. According to the proverb there is oil with the producer  (Ganigitti) and it will be of no use to the child if it is not given to him. We  discuss so many issues here. Unfortunately we have no time to help the poorer  section of our society.\n<\/p>\n
In the lower courts the condition of Bar Associations is pathetic There is no  library. If there is some kind of library there are no books in that library.  There is no place to sit and read in that so called library. The judges of the  lower courts do not have any facilities. The Government should do something in  this regard. We have reminded the Government many times about these problems of  lower courts. We have written to both Karnataka Government and the Government of  India. But strangely nothing has been done in this regard. People say that  justice should reach the doors of the people. There is a long pending demand for  setting up a bench of the Supreme Court. Siilarly, in South India there are from  States like Karanataka, Andhra Pradesh and other States for establishing High  Court benches to enable the people to get justice. This matter has been  discussed in greater details during the 10th Lok Sabha. Our former Chief  Minister of Andhra Pradesh is here. In fact the agitation regarding this matter  for a pretty long time in Andhra Pradesh. Even then the court benches were not  set up.\n<\/p>\n
MR.CHAIRMAN <\/a>: Now you may please conclude.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI S. MALLIKARJUNAIAH<\/a>: Sir, we give advance notices to ventilate our views  during zero hour. We are not given any chance. So please let me continue.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI NADENDLA BHASKARA RAO <\/a>(KHAMMAM<\/a>): Mr. Chairman, Sir, so far as  establishing a Bench in South India is concerned, we are all for it. It has been  demanded long ago and it is pending with the Government. Since the Law Minister  is from South India, he can definitely consider it.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI S. MALLIKARJUNIAH <\/a>(TUMKUR<\/a>): In Andhra Pradesh, an agitation was going on  for a long time for establishing a Bench at different places, but it was not  done. That is the point I would like to make.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN <\/a>(SHRI K. PRADHANI<\/a>): Please conclude.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI S. MALLIKARJUNIAH <\/a>: When we give a notice at 9 or 9.30 a.m. to speak in  the Zero Hour, we are not given a chance. On other occasions also we are not  given a chance to speak. Why should we come to the House when we do not get a  chance to ventilate our grievances? I made this remark yesterday also. You are  kind enough to give me a chance to speak because you have been in Parliament for  so many years and you know the difficulties of the Members.\n<\/p>\n
I want the Supreme Court and the High Courts to be liberal. The Supreme Court  judges and advocates do not like to leave Delhi. They do not want that a Bench  should be established in South India. Likewise, senior advocates at Bangalore do  not want that a bench should be opened at Dharward or Gulbarga.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: Please conclude.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI S. MALLIKARJUNIAH <\/a>: Sir, this is the attitude. How can we impress our  Government unless we are given sufficient time to speak out on the floor of the  House. We write letters. Do they respond to these letters? Do they call us and  ask us to sit down to discuss the issues? They have neither patience nor time.  Then, why should we come to the House? I am sorry that I am wasting my precious  time. I am a practising advocate and I am an agriculturalist also. If we are not  given sufficient time, it is better to sit in our own places. We have studied  the subject. We have come here to do justice to the subject.Library  facilities should be made available in the district courts and promotions should  be given. Vacant posts of judges should be filled up. The Government should  apply its mind to open a Bench in different provinces. The books available in  the bar associations are meagre.\n<\/p>\n
Another important point is that stamp duty is increased quite often. Who pays  the stamp duty? An ordinary person who comes to court to seek justice is not in  a position to pay the stamp duty. We speak about the common man; and we speak  about the poverty in this country. We speak out our grievances in order to  deliver justice to the common man. How far we are able to deliver justice to the  common man? A few people sit here and pass some laws and resolutions; as a  result, we are not in a position to deliver justice to the common man.\n<\/p>\n
With these few words, I half-heartedly support this Bill.\n<\/p>\n
>SHRI VARKALA RADHAKRISHNAN <\/a>(CHIRAYINKIL<\/a>): Sir, at the outset, I  support the Bill. While doing so, I wish to submit something about the judicial  system that is working in India. The first thing I would like to emphasize is  about the judicial accountability.\n<\/p>\n
So far as our Constitution is concerned, we are lagging behind in judicial  accountability. I do concede that the Indian judiciary has withstood the test of  time. I applaud that the Indian judiciary has established some noble traditions  also. There is no doubt about that. They have enlarged the doctrines enunciated  in the Constitution of India and the judiciary has come to the rescue of the  poor man, the man in the street, in safeguarding his fundamental rights  enshrined in the Constitution. All these things, I would like to submit in  favour of the judiciary but there are certain fundamental defects facing the  judiciary as a whole and that is why I want to emphasize about the judicial  accountability.\n<\/p>\n
The Contempt of Court Act now in force was passed by the colonial rulers. It  gives blanket protection to the judiciary as a whole. They are not amenable to  any kind of fair criticism. If anything is said about the judiciary, the person  will be booked. Proceedings will be initiated against that particular person and  the contempt proceedings have even gone to the extent of bringing the State  machinery as a whole to the Contempt of Court Act. So, it gives them blanket  protection. It has to be amended. We should allow fair criticism so far as  judiciary is concerned. We are not above law. We are not above criticism. They  must be made amenable to criticism. My learned friend Shri Thambi Durai should  take measures to see that the present Contempt of Court Act be amended. This is  my first point.\n<\/p>\n
Now, I do not forget the fact that there is impeachment proceedings so far as  the higher judiciary is concerned. We can bring them in the House. But that is  not an effective system. We have our own bitter experience in the case of  Justice Ramaswamy. In spite of the fact that this House decided against him with  a majority, nothing could be done. The provision regarding impeachment of the  judges of the High Court as well as the Supreme Court is so ineffective. The  judicial accountability can be made available in other aspects also. We should  have a statutory mechanism, a judicial mechanism, by which the actions of the  judiciary will have to be examined periodically. They should also have the  feeling that there is a machinery in the State to check up their doings, whether  it be good or bad. There must be some authority to overlook the actions, deeds  and misdeeds of the judiciary as a whole. I am sorry that our present system do  not give us such a provision. We should have some machinery. What type of  machinery it should be, I am prepared to discuss but not at this stage. It is  because I do not wish to take much time.\n<\/p>\n
We have three pillars in our Constitution. The Executive is accountable to  the Legislature and the Legislature is accountable to the people. We presume  that the people at large are sovereign. So, I would suggest that even the  judiciary should be made accountable to the sovereign people. My suggestion is,  though it may not be agreeable to many of us, that we should have an elected  judiciary. The Americans and other Western countries have an elected  judiciary.\n<\/p>\n
I do not say that all the judges should be elected. But the judges of the  High Courts and the Supreme Court can be elected by an electoral college of  accredited lawyers, judges, Presiding Officers and the judicial staff. Our  President is elected by an electoral college. So, the members of the higher  judiciary, namely, the judges of the High Courts and Supreme Court should be  elected by an electoral college. They should be accountable to a particular  authority. In the United Kingdom, we know that the King is the fountain of  justice. But in India, the people at large are the fountain of justice. The King  can do no wrong. So, with that conception we were inheriting the British system.  Even now we are having the same remnants of colonial system. How is it? I am a  practising lawyer. I have 40 years of experience in the Bar. Even now I am  forced to address the judge as `My Lord’. As far as all of you are concerned,  you all have only one Lord, namely, Lord Krishna. There is no other Lord. I can  understand the King as the fountain of justice. But why should we address the  judges of the High Court and the Supreme Court as `My Lord’? Only after hearing  that address, the Lord will be smiling and he will have some inclination to hear  you. Each and every time, the lawyer will be forced to address judges as `My  Lord, My Lord’ as if Lord Krishna or Lord Jesus is there. We have to address  those people who are sitting in the Bench as `Lord’. Why should we not change  it? We should address them as `Mr. Judge’. What is the difficulty in it? We are  having the Republican Constitution. We are not the citizens of the United  Kingdom where the King is the fountain of justice… (Interruptions).\n<\/p>\n
SHRI NADENDLA BHASKARA RAO <\/a>(KHAMMAM<\/a>): Sir, the learned friend is not correct  in saying that we are still addressing them as `My Lord’. This has now been  removed. They are now addressing them as `Mr. Judge’.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI VARKALA RADHAKRISHNAN <\/a>: So, all these remnants of the colonial system  should go. Hereafter, we, the Indian citizens and Indian lawyers, should have  the courage to address the Chief Justice of Supreme Court as `Mr. Judge’. That  must be the motto. We are not slaves and we are not even the people of a  colonial country. So, I would suggest that we should change all these systems.  We should also change the procedure about the contempt of court.\n<\/p>\n
Now, I may be permitted to put some other words. While accepting your  suggestion, I would suggest another thing. Now, the cases are pending in lakhs  in almost all the courts including the High Courts and the Supreme Court.  Justice delayed is justice denied is the proverb. I would suggest that the  Government at the Centre as well as the Government at the State should take  prompt steps to fill up the vacancies that are available in different High  Courts. I know that dozens and dozens of posts of High Court judges are yet to  be filled. The Ministry of Law should take serious steps to see that these  vacancies are filled up. That is one of the reasons for piling up of cases. Not  only that. There is a fundamental reason behind this. There must be  decentralisation of judicial powers.\n<\/p>\n
There must be decentralisation of judicial powers. I would suggest that the  cases which could be decided at the district level need not be taken to the  Supreme Court. There are cases pertaining to a particular State which could be  finally decided at the High Court level, such cases need not be taken to the  Supreme Court…(Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN <\/a>: Shri Radhakrishnan, please conclude. There are many more  speakers.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI VARKALA RADHAKRISHNAN <\/a>:There are issues concerning the nation that will  have to be decided by the Supreme Court. All these matters are now taken to the  Supreme Court and the Supreme Court will be happy to deal with all those cases  but no decision will be given at the appropriate time. Therefore, there must be  complete decentralisation of judicial powers. If there is a dispute between  individuals, why should it go to the Supreme Court? There may be disputes with  regard to a particular property, which need not go to the Supreme Court. If  there is a question of law, then they will say that it has to be decided at the  level of the Supreme Court. What will be the result? The poor man in the street  is unable to get justice as justice is very costly for him. We all speak about  the Welfare State; we all speak about the socialism; and we speak about the poor  people, but can a poor man get justice at a cheap rate? It is impossible in  India. So, I would suggest that there must be immediate steps taken to see that  not only the executive powers but the judicial powers also are decentralised.  Each and every case should be decided on merits at a particular lower level. It  need not be taken to the Supreme Court…(Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: Shri Radhakrishnan, please conclude. You have taken ten  minutes.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI VARKALA RADHAKRISHNAN <\/a>: Now I come to judicial activism. When the  executive and other organs do not function or do not discharge their  constitutional functions properly at the proper time, judicial activism may come  in. But excessive judicial activism is not good. There are instances of  excessive judicial activism. I will cite one example about the MP’s quota for  telephone and gas connections. A High Court Judge has decided about the  procedure to be followed. Actually, we should decide about the procedure and not  the Court. They have no right to interfere in our sphere. There is a clear cut  interference of judiciary in the affairs of legislature to decide about the  procedure to be followed in the distribution of gas connection. It is not for  the Court to decide. That is one example of judicial activism and it cannot be  encouraged. There must be clear cut guidelines about the powers of the  executive, the powers of the judiciary and the powers of the legislature. They  must be complementary and not contradictory. So, I would suggest that in all  these cases, there must be a rethinking with regard to the functioning of  judiciary in our nation. I request the hon. Law Minister to take effective  measures so that something is done with regard to judicial accountability.\n<\/p>\n
With these words, I support this Amendment.\n<\/p>\n
>SHRI K. BAPIRAJU <\/a>(NARSAPUR<\/a>): Mr. Chairman Sir, I thank you very  much for giving me this opportunity. I would like to make a few suggestions on  High Court and Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service)  Amendment Bill. I appreciate this initiative irrespective of whether the  proposal has come from the judiciary to the Ministry or the Ministry itself has  realised to bring this particular Bill. It is very much necessary to give all  the privileges and required salaries to the High Court Judges as well as Supreme  Court Judges. It is the life of a judge which has to be taken into consideration  because most of the judges who are selected or nominated, as the procedure may  be, to the High Court or the Supreme Court have good practices prior to that and  they have to forego their flourishing practices. At the same time, his social  life is being cut off.\n<\/p>\n
Shri Radhakrishnan is an elderly person. I had allowed him to speak. I am  only a PUC-failed candidate. I am trying to struggle myself, taking inspiration  from people like him and they should support, encourage and correct us whenever  they get an opportunity, maybe in the House or outside the House.\n<\/p>\n
Apart from that even after the retirement of a judge, his life remains  isolated. It is really miserable. What I am trying to tell this august House is  that it is a great sacrifice on the part of a High Court judge or the Supreme  Court judge. It is not an ordinary sacrifice. After all, they have foregone  their good practices and their social lives to come forward and become judges.  It is not an ordinary decision of an individual. I appreciate the sacrifice done  by them.\n<\/p>\n
At the same time, I would like to say that the Constitution has given us  three wings, namely, the Executive, the Judiciary and the Legislature. It is  quite unfortunate that we have been discussing very commonly, maybe in the House  or outside, who is the supreme of these three wings, whether it is the  Executive, the Judiciary or the Legislature. Unfortunately, even after 50 years  of independence, we are discussing it. If we go through the merits, strengths or  powers, it can be pardoned, but we are fighting with our ego, at the cost of the  common man. I feel that if any one is fighting with the other in this three-tier  system, none of them is going to be the loser, the losers are going to be the  people of this country. I think, we have spent 50 years discussing who is  supreme.\n<\/p>\n
Our learned senior Member, Shri Radhakrishnan, talked about the usage of `My  Lord’ and other things. I do agree with his version. This usage of `My Lord’  kills the ego of a judge. It is very unfortunate that one has to struggle to  kill the ego of a judge or the person who is in the Chair. Here also, it is very  difficult for the ordinary Members like us to catch the eye of the Speaker.\n<\/p>\n
Who is supreme in a democracy? It is the people who are supreme and not  anyone of us. Our people are so great because they have so much tolerance.\n<\/p>\n
We do not make a distinction while talking about the system. In films, they  show the judges or the legislators or the parliamentarians or the bureaucrats in  such a way that it becomes very difficult for Members like us to go and enjoy it  with our family members. We feel guilty that we are Parliamentarians or  Legislators. When we are commented upon in the films, people enjoy it very much.  This is how it is going on. People never bothered about the salaries that the  Government gives to the judges. When you see their sacrifices, you can give more  salaries to them. But the point that should be stressed is what are their  contributions and to what extent they are accountable. People like the Prime  Minister, the Law Minister, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and other  learned people can sit together and see where we lag behind, what type of cases  are coming before the judiciary and whether justice is being done.  Statistically, you can analyse as to what kind of cases come before the High  Courts and the Supreme Court. Seventy per cent of the cases go to the  Magisterial Courts, 20 per cent cases go to the District Courts, another eight  per cent of the cases go to the High Courts and hardly one per cent of the cases  go to the Supreme Court. The common man cannot dream of going to the Supreme  Court. If at all anybody thinks in this august House that the common man can do  so, then it is only a dream. The common man cannot afford to go to the Supreme  Court because it is beyond his imagination.\n<\/p>\n
The Supreme Court is the highest authority in the country, but the common man  never approaches it. To remedy this, what steps are you going to take to see  that the common man gets justice from the highest court? What efforts are being  made in this direction? Before the hon. Minister asks us to vote in favour of  the Bill — anyway, we are giving support to you — that he had introduced, will  the Minister tell us how many poor people have approached the Supreme Court or  the High Courts for getting the justice? We hardly expect anything. Please take  some appropriate measures in favour of the common man. People are not bothered  as to whether I am taking more salary or the bureaucrats are taking more salary.  Eighty per cent of the money from the exchequer is utilised on the salaries, 20  per cent on developmental activities and hardly two per cent or five per cent of  it reaches the common man in the country. I am really pained when I know how  much amount reaches the common man from the exchequer. People are never bothered  about the salaries that we take.\n<\/p>\n
The people want that the judges in their capacity and with their authority  should deliver justice to them. The people want them to be accountable.  Unfortunately, none of us here is able to face the people due to lack of  accountability. In a democracy the people are supreme and nobody else, and the  people are waiting for that.\n<\/p>\n
Sir, before I conclude I would like to say something about which Shri  Radhakrishnan has said. Though I am not as accomplished as Shri Radhakrishnan to  mention it yet I would like to submit that he wants elections for the judges of  the High Court. We go through the process of elections and we know how many  methods are involved in it. I am afraid that the system has to be changed but we  have the experience that one suggestion of the Election Commission of providing  photo identity passes to the voters for checking electoral malpractices could  not be implemented fully. Now, he wants elections to be held for the judges of  the High Courts. It is beyond imagination. Let us first have a systematic  pattern of elections before we make a suggestion to the Judiciary about it. Let  the Judiciary be little bit aware. The election process there is not so bad. Let  it continue. Let us strengthen the Judiciary and at the same time let us not  allow them to encroach upon the territory of the Legislature. The case of the  gas and telephone coupon has rightly been pointed out by an hon. Member. It was  unnecessary for the High Courts to have thought about that. Lakhs and lakhs of  other cases are pending before the Judiciary.\n<\/p>\n
> <\/p>\n
>>1642 hours (Dr. Laxmi Narayan Pandey in the  Chair) <\/p>\n
>PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ <\/a>(BARAMULLA<\/a>): Mr. Chairman, Sir, after so  many people have spoken here on this Bill, I think, I also have something very  important to say on this Bill. I did not care to look at the Bill to find out as  to how much money is going to be paid as salary to the Judges because I do not  grudge that. Whatever has been considered necessary by the Government has come  before us and we shall vote it. The Judges should live honourably and they  should have the perks they want. We are prepared to give them that. But there  are very serious questions before us.\n<\/p>\n
Sir, only recently, the President of India inaugurated a Seminar and the  Chief Justice of India was also present in that Seminar. In the news bulletin,  in the evening, a lot of time was allotted by the private TV channels like the  STAR TV, the ZEE TV and our own Doordarshan to telecast what was said by the  hon. President, the Chief Justice and the Attorney General, Shri Soli  Sorabjee.\n<\/p>\n
Sir, after all, what is the composition of the Parliament? It is the  President of India and the two Houses — the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. The  hon. President, in that Seminar, commented on the backlog in the courts. Even  the Chief Justice mentioned about having some reforms and Shri Soli Sorabjee  came to say something about accountability. But this is a recent  happening.Sir, through you, I would like to request Shri Thambidurai,  our hon. Law Minister to kindly go through what the President has said in that  Seminar. That was a very important speech. I would, however, like to remind you  of what one of the outgoing Chief Justices of India had said after he  superannuated. What he said at that time was very important. We remained busy  and sometimes I feel — I do not know whether I should say this or not — the  Lok Sabha in a way has declined. He said a very important thing. We did not take  notice of that. Shri Verma told the country — when he was no more the Chief  Justice of India, the day next of his retirement perhaps — that our system has  no provision for punishing a corrupt judge. He was sharing his agony with his  countrymen. He said that there was no system whereby you could punish a judge.  This Parliament got a chance to punish a corrupt judge. But some of my friends  from the South stood by him though the cases of corruption were proved before  the whole country.\n<\/p>\n
Sir, we are the law-givers and we are the law-makers. The hon. judges go on  indulging in corrupt practices. But we, as Members of Parliament, who are  representing on behalf of the people, do not have any sense of proportion. This  is the last voice of the people. We had a chance to punish a judge who was  corrupt but we allowed him to go scot free. Justice Verma said that we had  nothing in the system to punish a corrupt judge. I collected certain details. I  am not a student of law but I have some interest in the judiciary. I have given  notice on the subject of judicial reforms. The country is crying for judicial  reforms. When that subject is discussed I will speak about the corruption in the  judiciary.\n<\/p>\n
In a High Court in the South, a judge went to his home on a Friday and  claimed TA and DA for Saturday and Sunday when he came back on Monday. He has  gone scot free. Till a voice was raised here and in the Vidhan Sabha of West  Bengal, a judge who had charged about Rs.35,000 for purchasing spectacles for  his family members, could not be restrained. He said in Calcutta that he was  equal to a Cabinet Minister in rank. I was a Cabinet Minister myself and I  wondered what the perks of a Cabinet Minister were. When the judge said that he  was equal to a Cabinet Minister he had no sense of proportion to consult  somebody on what the perks of a Cabinet Minister were. He purchased spectacles  worth about Rs.35,000 for his two sons and one daughter. That payment was not  cleared by the Minister. Credit goes to the Minister concerned in West Bengal  who refused to clear the payment. The Minister said that it was not permissible.  Then the judge raised a hue and cry. The judge did not have his way because of a  able Government in that State. I would like to put it on record that the  Government provided by Jyoti Basu in West Bengal, in my opinion, is the best in  the whole of my country. The Minister did not allow that money to be paid. In  the South, a judge charged TA and DA, it is on record, and he did so  continuously.\n<\/p>\n
Chief Justice Verma wanted to punish a judge. I know that what I am saying is  going on record. Justice Verma wanted to punish a corrupt judge but there was no  system under which he could do it. He called the judge and advised him to reform  himself. The judge refused to get reformed. That is the situation.\n<\/p>\n
Accountability of judges is necessary. We have to amend the law. But before  that, I request the hon. Law Minister to set up a National Judicial Commission,  whether the judges or the Chief Justice agree or not. It is we who have to  decide and not the judiciary. It is the Members of Parliament, it is the Lok  Sabha, Rajya Sabha and the President of India who have to decide. Together, this  constitutes the voice of the people. We want a National Judicial Commission.  But, there must be a discussion before that. Mr. Chairman, since you are the  Presiding Officer now, you can decide about the time. We want to discuss the  reforms that are needed in the judiciary. There is a backlog.\n<\/p>\n
They are indulging in PILs. In this case of gas and telephone coupons, if one  hon. Member of Parliament has erred some day, the judges cannot sit in authority  and decide that all Members of Parliament have gone wrong. The judge in Kerala  has said that it should be given due publicity. He does not seem to have  understood the seriousness of the issue. He does not seem to have analysed the  issue while saying that it should be given publicity. These judges have to be  told about these things. In fact, Shri Radhakrishnan has questioned our  addressing them as `My Lord’. Because of some colonial thinking one may feel  that it is wrong. But we do not lose anything by calling them `My Lord’.  …(Interruption) We may call them `Mr. Justice’. I do not quarrel with you on  that.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN <\/a>: Please conclude. The time allotted for this Bill is only two  hours and we have already taken three hours and fifteen minutes.\n<\/p>\n
PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ <\/a>: I am concluding, Sir.\n<\/p>\n
Sir, if we have no provision to ensure their accountability, if we do not  reform the law, if we do not discuss judicial reforms, and if we do not move  towards forming a National Judicial Commission, we would be committing a very  grave mistake. People are suffering miseries. They tell us their problems. The  courts are unable to mitigate the miseries of the people because there are  backlogs of lakhs and lakhs of cases. Our esteemed President has commented upon  that. We must move immediately and provide justice to the people because we are  directly accountable to the people.\n<\/p>\n
> \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u0917\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0935\u0924 (\u0906\u0917\u0930\u093e):  \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0930, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u091c\u091c\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0948\u0932\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u095d\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939  \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u0915\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0930\u0941\u092a\u090f \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0935\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964  \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a  \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0947\u0924\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0942\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0915\u093f  \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921\u093f\u0936\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0947,  \u0935\u093e\u0926\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0964 \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093e\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0910\u0938\u093e  \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u092a\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u0938\u0935\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b  \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0935\u091c\u0939 \u091f\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0905\u095c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0915\u094b  \u0921\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0947  \u091c\u0928\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u091c\u0938\u0935\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u0947  \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u0902\u0921\u092a\u0940\u0920 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947  \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0935 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0909\u0938\u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902  \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u091a\u0942\u0902\u0915\u093f \u091a\u0940\u092b \u091c\u0938\u094d\u093f\u091f\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u092c \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u0947  \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u0947 \u0930\u0941\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947  \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u091a\u0932\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u091a\u0932\u0928\u093e  \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0926\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932  \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u093f\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0923  \u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u091c\u0938\u094d\u093f\u091f\u0938 \u0921\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0921 \u0907\u091c \u091c\u0938\u094d\u093f\u091f\u0938 \u0921\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e  \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0906\u091c \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0939\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u095c\u093e \u092c\u0948\u0915\u0932\u093e\u0917 \u092a\u095c\u093e  \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0948\u091f\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0917  \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u093f\u091f\u0915\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e  \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0943\u095d \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0964  \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0940\u0920 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0902,  \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092a\u095c\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0940\u0920 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930  \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b, \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964 \u0932\u094b\u0905\u0930 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921\u093f\u0936\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940  \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0947\u0924\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0939\u092e \u0932\u094b\u0917  \u0939\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f, \u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u093e \u0924\u094b \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928  \u0932\u094b\u0905\u0930 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921\u093f\u0936\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0947, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u0924  \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0935\u094d\u0943\u093e\u0924\u094d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0924\u0928\u0916\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0939  \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939 \u0926\u0947\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092f\u0930\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u094b\u0932\u091f\u093f\u0915\u0932  \u090f\u0915\u091f\u0940\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0932\u093e\u092d  \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e \u0915\u093f \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921\u093f\u0936\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0932 \u092f\u093e  \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u0926\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0917\u093e, \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0917\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e  \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930  \u0917\u0930\u093f\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f  \u0932\u091f\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0942\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e  \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0924\u094b \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u094b  \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0916 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e  \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e  \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0940\u095c\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0924\u093e\u091c \u091f\u093f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0940\u091c\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947  \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0924\u093e\u091c\u092e\u0939\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092a\u0930  \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u093f\u0925\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b \u0930\u093f\u091f \u092a\u0940\u091f\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0915\u0940  \u0917\u0908, \u0909\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0938  \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0940, \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093f\u091f \u092a\u0940\u091f\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0925\u0940, \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947  \u0915\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u092e\u0947\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938  \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917-\u0927\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u094c\u092a\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940  \u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0932\u091f\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939  \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0940\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940  \u0932\u091f\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u090f\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0915\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u094c\u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b  \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0947, \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e  \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0940\u095c\u0928 \u0915\u0940  \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942\u0906\u0924 \u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0958\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940  \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0932\u091f\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947  \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915\u091c\u0940\u0915\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0928\u0947 \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e  \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f, \u0938\u094d\u0958\u0942\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091c \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0964 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u092f\u0939  \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0939\u0948 \u0967\u096f\u096e\u096a-\u096e\u096b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947  \u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u092e\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915  \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0932\u091f\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0921\u0915\u091f \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f  \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0947, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0906\u091c \u0924\u0915 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0940\u0964  \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u092c \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b  \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0920\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0905\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u092f\u092e\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f  \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0924\u094b \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f  \u0932\u091f\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u0915\u0924 \u091c\u094b \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964  \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u090f, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092d\u0940  \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u091f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u092e\u0941\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092b  \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u091c \u091f\u093f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0940\u091c\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0932\u091f\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928  \u091a\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0910\u0938\u0947  \u092b\u0948\u0915\u091f\u0938 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0917\u0932\u0924  \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u093e \u091a\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930  \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0916 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940  \u0924\u093e\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0915\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u092d\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f  \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u0907\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f,  \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0964 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915  \u090f\u091f \u0932\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0917\u093e, \u0909\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938  \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0958\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092b\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0921\u0930\u0940\u091c \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e  \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092b\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0921\u0930\u0940\u091c \u090f\u0938\u094b\u0938\u093f\u090f\u0936\u0928, \u0906\u0917\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093f \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902  \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0926\u0930\u0916\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u0928 \u0932\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928  \u0909\u0928\u0915\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939  \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0939\u0940, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0958\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0940  \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0964 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u0942\u0902\u0917\u093e  \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928  \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u093e\u0907 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940  \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0932  \u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0915\u0924\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u095c\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0947\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948,  \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e \u0938\u094b\u091a\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0947  \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0958\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923  \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0958\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u090f, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940  \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940  \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u093e \u0927\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902\u0964\n<\/p>\n
> \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0918\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 (\u0935\u0948\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940):  \u0938\u092d\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f \u091c\u0940, \u0939\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0947\u0924\u0928  \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0942\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0924\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928  \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0916-\u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0914\u0930  \u0938\u0939\u0942\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0924\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u095d\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0958\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0939\u092e  \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e \u0932\u094b\u0917, \u0935\u094b\u091f \u0938\u0947  \u091c\u0940\u0924\u0915\u0930 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0915\u092e\u0940\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902,  \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u091c\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u0947  \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u091c \u091c\u094b \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0915 \u090f\u0915  \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948,  \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938  \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f \u0915\u093f \u091c\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0940  \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0927\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0927\u093e \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e  \u0925\u093e, \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u093f\u0924\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0940  \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u093f\u0924\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u091c\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940  \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u093f\u0924\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e? \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f  \u092e\u0947\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0939\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0958\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928  \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0930\u093f\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964  \u092a\u093f\u091b\u095c\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092c \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917  \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e  \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u090f\u0915\u093f\u091f\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e  \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0915 \u0932\u091f\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928, \u092a\u0940.\u0906\u0908.\u090f\u0932. \u091c\u094b \u092a\u092c\u094d\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940  \u0932\u091f\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0932  \u090f\u0915\u093f\u091f\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092e \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092a\u0947\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940  \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u093f\u092c\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902, ”\n<\/p>\n
justice delayed is justice denied.’ \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940  \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940  \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0902\u0964\n<\/p>\n
>>DR. SUBRAMANIAN SWAMY <\/a>(MADURAI<\/a>): Mr. Chairman, Sir,  I have also had the privilege of being a Law Minister for some time and I was  struck by the extraordinary load that the judges of India, specially at High  Courts and Supreme Court have, compared to their counterparts in other parts of  the world. For example, in the US Supreme Court, in the entire year, the judges  hear only 200 cases and the lawyers presenting the pros and cons cannot speak  for more than 20 minutes and the plaintiff who comes in is given a ten minute  rebuttal in the end. Here the judges every day are looking into 200 cases and  they have to hear oral arguments which are very long and, therefore, I have  complete sympathy with the judges today who are in the High Courts and Supreme  Court and they have indeed contributed a great deal in sharpening and deepening  democracy in India.\n<\/p>\n
17.00 hrs. <\/p>\n
If the scope of article 21 under Fundamental Rights has been so much widened  today, we owe it to the Judiciary. I would like the Government not only to raise  the salaries of the Judges but also to reduce the load factor through the  creation of a series of Benches.\n<\/p>\n
There has already been a Commission, the Jaswant Singh Commission. It has got  nothing to do with their Jaswant Singh; it was headed by another Jaswant Singh.  That Commission had already gone into this matter. Take for example the State of  Tamil Nadu. The High Court is in one end of the State, namely on the border of  Andhra Pradesh, in the city of Chennai. For long, there has been a demand for a  Bench. In fact, as the Minister of Law, I had initiated correspondence in 1990  and even today it has not been established. I do not know what the problem is  and why the Minister of Law has not been able to give effect to this popular  demand that there should be a Bench in the middle of the State. The people have  to go all the way, for instance from Kanyakumari, to Chennai for their cases.  The same is the case in other States like Maharashtra. Madhya Pradesh is such a  large State that even though the Court is in Jabalpur, still there is so much  travelling that has to be done.\n<\/p>\n
I do not know what is it that stops them from establishing Benches. I  understand, of course, that the senior lawyers would lose some of their practise  and their income would come down if the Benches start coming up. But this is  what we need to do. Therefore, I would like the Minister of Law to tell me in  particular reference to the Madurai Bench, why is it that this Government has  not been able to give effect to it.\n<\/p>\n
My second point is that the law is written here and the Judges can only  interpret it and see whether it is within the framework of the Constitution. But  I find recently that partymen who have been in a political party for long years  are being appointed as Judges. I think, there should be a law that if anybody  has been a member of a political party for more than three years or five years,  he should not be appointed as a Judge. In the State of Tamil Nadu, again, we  find partymen being appointed as Judges of Special Courts and this is creating  serious doubts whether justice can be dispensed. I think, an amendment is  necessary. (Interruptions) Why is it troubling him? (Interruptions) It is  troubling him because they are doing it and they are the culprits.  (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN <\/a>: Do not use such words.\n<\/p>\n
… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: Do not use such words like `culprits’.\n<\/p>\n
… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
High Court. This is only at the instance of Dr. Subramanian Swamy.  (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: Dr. Subramanian Swamy, kindly give only your suggestions.\n<\/p>\n
DR. SUBRAMANIAN SWAMY <\/a>: I am giving only my suggestions but he is provoked.  What does it mean? This means that they are doing it. (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: Please address the Chair.\n<\/p>\n
… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
THE MINISTER OF LAW, JUSTICE AND COMPANY AFFAIRS AND MINISTER OF SURFACE  TRANSPORT (DR. M. THAMBI DURAI): Sir, if the hon. Member yields, I want to make  a point.\n<\/p>\n
After the judgement of the Supreme Court and also the President’s reference,  it has become a well known fact. The nine Judges have given a unanimous  judgement. It is well known to hon. Members who takes the initiative for  transfer of judges and who takes the initiative for appointment of judges.  (Interruptions) He says that the Minister of Law is responsible for that. It is  a sweeping remark on the Minister of Law. He is saying that I am doing it.  (Interruptions) Let him change that. (Interruptions) Give some powers to me to  do what you want. (Interruptions) Therefore, simply making some remarks is not  good. (Interruptions)MR. CHAIRMAN: Dr. Subramanian Swamy, kindly try to  conclude now.\n<\/p>\n
DR. SUBRAMANIAN SWAMY <\/a>: I was only saying that there should be a law that  anybody who has been a member of a political party for more than five years  cannot be a Judge.\n<\/p>\n
PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ <\/a>: It is a good suggestion for future.\n<\/p>\n
DR. SUBRAMANIAN SWAMY <\/a>: I say this only because there is a practice that if  you want to harass your political opponents, you appoint a Special Court and  appoint a partyman as a Judge of that Special Court. (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: Please do not interrupt. He is not yielding. Please sit  down.\n<\/p>\n
… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN <\/a>(DR. LAXMINARAYAN PANDEY<\/a>): Please sit down.\n<\/p>\n
… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: Shri Baalu, please sit down.\n<\/p>\n
… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: This is not going on record.\n<\/p>\n
(Interruptions)* <\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: Please sit down.\n<\/p>\n
… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: This is not going on record.\n<\/p>\n
(Interruptions) * <\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: Please sit down.\n<\/p>\n
DR. SUBRAMANIAN SWAMY<\/a>: Sir, I was only making a general comment.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: You have made your point. Please conclude now.\n<\/p>\n
DR. SUBRAMANIAN SWAMY <\/a>: I was only making a general comment. I thought that  they would welcome it.\n<\/p>\n
… ** <\/p>\n
Therefore, I would conclude by saying that the Minister should answer about  the Benches with particular reference to Madurai; and secondly, he should answer  as to whether he would consider bringing forward a law which would say that  anybody who has been a member of a political party for more than five years  cannot be appointed as a Judge.\n<\/p>\n
____________________________________________________________________________ <\/p>\n
* Not recorded <\/p>\n
** Expunged as ordered by the Chair <\/p>\n
PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ<\/a>:Sir, I am on a point of order.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: What is your point of order?\n<\/p>\n
PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ <\/a>: Sir, your immediate predecessor in the Chair observed  that – I had raised the question – the Foreign Minister would make a statement  on the situation in Iraq. He made an observation – it is a sort of a judgment –  that after the matters under Rule 377, the Foreign Minister will come and make a  comprehensive statement. So, that is the business before the House now.\n<\/p>\n
This is what he observed and you can see the record. I raised that question.  Therefore, now, Shri Jaswant Singh, the Foreign Minister should come and make  the statement. Avoiding the situation at home, America has done this vulgarity  and indulged in vandalism.\n<\/p>\n
It is his observation that a comprehensive statement will be made by the  Foreign Minister. That is the business before the House now. …  (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: I request the Government to say something. …  (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ <\/a>: He made a statement like that. … (Interruptions) I  understand that it is on record. … (Interruptions) If Shri Advani is prepared  to make a statement, it is okay. … (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: I requested the Government; they will come forward with  that.\n<\/p>\n
PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ <\/a>:The hon. Home Minister should know what happened. The  Chair observed that a comprehensive statement would be made after the matters  under Rule 377.\n<\/p>\n
… (\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928) \u0917\u094d\u0943\u093e\u0939 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 (\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0906\u0921\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0940):  \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964\n<\/p>\n
… (\u00b4\u00aa\u00c9\u00b4\u00c9v\u00c9\u00c9x\u00c9) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u0938\u0948\u095e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094b\u095b : \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u0915\u0924  \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0948\u0930 \u0939\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0964 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0906\u0921\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0940 : \u0938\u0941\u092c\u0939 \u091c\u093f\u0938  \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0940 \u092c\u094b\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0925\u0947 \u0924\u094b \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938  \u0935\u0915\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0913\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964\n<\/p>\n
PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ <\/a>: I raised it and the Chair said so.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI L.K. ADVANI<\/a>: I do not know. I am not aware.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: I will convey your comment.\n<\/p>\n
PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ <\/a>: That is the business now. He said that after the  matters under Rule 377, the Foreign Minister will come and make a comprehensive  statement.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: Now, the hon. Speaker has to decide.\n<\/p>\n
PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ <\/a>: That is on record.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: Hon. Speaker has to decide. Now, the Law Minister.\n<\/p>\n
>>THE MINISTER OF LAW, JUSTICE AND COMPANY AFFAIRS  AND MINISTER OF SURFACE TRANSPORT (DR. M. THAMBI DURAI): Mr. Chairman, Sir, the  Bill that is before the House for consideration and passing is a very simple  one.\n<\/p>\n
In the last Session, we had increased the salaries of High Court and Supreme  Court Judges. Based on that, we had promulgated an Ordinance giving effect to  their pension also. In connection with that, I have brought forward this Bill  for consideration and passing. That is a simple one.\n<\/p>\n
When we had increased the salaries of Judges, proportionately, we had  increased the pension for the Judges. Secondly, it is regarding rent also. You  know as to what is the prevailing rent of houses in Delhi and in most of the  cities. Therefore, in order to enhance the rent, I have brought forward this  Bill.\n<\/p>\n
While the Members were expressing their views, Shri Motilal Vora started  expressing his concern about the existing judicial system, the prevailing  conditions in our country, how common men are facing problems with regard to  judiciary, etc. <\/p>\n
At the outset, I would like to express my gratitude to the hon. Members for  rendering their whole-hearted support to the Bill. Their suggestions would be  utilised in the policy planning and its implementation by the Department of  Justice in the future. During the debate, Shri Motilal Vora, Shri Ajoy  Chakraborty, Shri Prabhunath Singh, Shri Chandrasekhar Sahu, Prof. Kurien, Prof.  Jogendra Kawade, Shri P.C. Gehlot, Shri N.K. Premachandran, Shri K. Rosaiah,  Shri S.P. Jain, Shri T.R. Baalu, Shri B.M. Mensinkai, Prof. Ajit Kumar Mehta,  Shri Mallikarjunaiah, Shri Varkala Radhakrishnan, Prof. Saifuddin Soz, Shri K.  Bapiraju, Dr. Subramanian Swamy and others gave their valuable suggestions. They  have raised certain issues. The issues that were focussed during the discussions  mainly relate to the pendency of cases, shortage of judicial officers and  judges, modernisation of courts and providing infrastructural facilities to the  judiciary, alleged encroachment by the judiciary in the domain of Executive  through Public Interest Litigations, establishment of Supreme Court Benches at  three different places in India, provision of High Court benches at least in the  State Capitals, due attention to be given by the Central Government for revision  of pay and other facilities of subordinate judiciary, corruption in judiciary,  providing accommodation and transport facilities to the members of subordinate  judiciary, improvement in the condtions of the court rooms including the  provision of stationery etc., punishment for false evidence, review of transfer  policy of High Court judges, providing expeditious and inexpensive justice,  introspection by the judiciary, and restriction on re-employment of judges after  retirement, especially after joining politics.\n<\/p>\n
Apart from these issues, some hon. Members spoke of my functioning as Law  Minister. They said that I am transferring judges and I am appointing lawyers  due to certain reasons. I would like to repeat what I have said in my  intervention. After the judgement of the Supreme Court, my power is very  limited. If I can say, just like a clerk I am passing on the suggestions given  by the collegium of the Supreme Court to the authorities concerned. I would like  to put the facts before the august House. Parliament will get some authority  only when the Members come forward and make changes in the judicial system. It  can be done only through you. Then, that authority can be entrusted to the  Minister concerned because the Minister is answerable to Parliament.\n<\/p>\n
Some hon. Members spoke about making some changes in the appointment of  judges. They said that importance should be given to Backward Classes,  Minorities, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. We are living in a democratic  country and we are very much concerned about them. We have to give respect to  the aspirations of these sections also. This is what hon. President also said in  a Conference which I attended two weeks back. Nearly 25 per cent of our  community are Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Minorities.\n<\/p>\n
They are not able to get representation in the judicial system. I am just  sharing all that has been expressed. I am conveying these things to the  concerned authorities who have to take the decision. That is all I can do. It is  left to them to take decision. I cannot discuss further as to how they should  function as my hands are tight there. We have committed in our National Agenda  to bring a National Judicial Commission. That is a fact and we are giving it an  active consideration.\n<\/p>\n
PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ <\/a>: We support that.\n<\/p>\n
DR. M. THAMBI DURAI<\/a>: If all the Members have the same feeling, I can convey  it to the Cabinet and see to it that the matter is expedited.\n<\/p>\n
PROF. SAIFUDDIN SOZ <\/a>: The whole House is one on that.\n<\/p>\n
DR. M. THAMBI DURAI<\/a>: Various Leaders have also expressed the same thing when  they have personally met me. Most of the Members feel that we have to do  something in this regard. We are considering it.\n<\/p>\n
Now, I would like to highlight other steps taken by the Government to find  solution or to rectify the defects that are there.\n<\/p>\n
The Government is aware of the difficulties faced by the litigants basically  due to delay in the disposal of cases. In view of the recommendations of the  Chief Ministers’ and Chief Justices’ Conference held in 1993, the Government has  taken various measures in this regard. These measures include, amendments of  Civil Procedure Code and the Criminal Procedure Code, increase in the number of  posts of Judges of High Courts, provision of a statutory base to Lok Adalats and  vesting it with the powers of a Civil Court after the extension of provisions of  Chapter III of the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 to all the States and  Union territories, appointment of Special Judicial Metropolitan Magistrates and  adoption of other alternative and locally appropriate methods of resolution of  disputes.\n<\/p>\n
In addition to this, various High Courts have taken a number of steps for  expeditious disposal of cases. Groupings and classification of cases involving  similar questions of law, setting up of specialised Benches, computerisation of  records etc. The High Courts have also issued instructions to their subordinate  courts to reduce frequent adjournment of cases. Shri Vora has also raised this  point regarding frequent adjournment of cases saying that judges adjourn the  case as and when they like and as a result, the litigants suffer a lot. We are  requesting them not to adjourn cases frequently. We are also going to put  certain stipulations for that.\n<\/p>\n
The pendency of cases in the Supreme Court has come down from 1,04,936 cases  as on 31st December, 1991 to 19,561 cases as on 1st May, 1998. Despite the  increase in the disposal of cases in the High Courts, the backlog of cases  pending in the High Courts has increased due to change in the pattern of  litigation. Regarding the High Courts, as on 31.12.93, 26.51 lakh cases were  pending and now on 31.12.97 the number has increased to 31.5 lakh cases. If you  take the leading courts, in Allahabad High Court, the number of pending cases is  8,65,455, in Madras High Court the number is 3,20,619, in Calcutta High Court  2,82,290 cases are pending and in the Kerala High Court, the number of pending  cases is 2,50,261.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI K.S. RAO <\/a>(MACHILIPATNAM<\/a>): Why do you not open Benches in the States also  which will reduce the pendency of cases?… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
DR. M. THAMBI DURAI<\/a>: You have given the answer also. Shri Swamy has mentioned  about the Jaswant Singh Commission. We have to get a proposal from the State  Governments along with the recommendations of the Chief Justices of the High  Courts. Then only we can take action.\n<\/p>\n
DR.M. THAMBI DURAI<\/a>: There is some controversy in that. Members are saying  that they want permanent Benches.\n<\/p>\n
The proposal is for Circuit Bench only. The proposal which I received duly  recommended by the Chief Justice of Madras High Court is only for Circuit Bench.  If the Members are satisfied with that we can proceed further…  (Interruptions).\n<\/p>\n
from Tamil Nadu. Why can you not interact with them and see that it is done.  It is in your own interest. Are you not interested in providing the Bench in  Madurai or somewhere in Chennai?\n<\/p>\n
SHRI M. THAMBI DURAI<\/a>: I have written letters. As per the reply received by my  predecessor, the Chief Justice of Madras High Court felt that the facilities  available in Madurai area are not sufficient. It is according to their version.  Therefore, they are not interested to move that. Let the State Government give  all the facilities which are required by the Chief Justice of Madras, then it  can be done… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
matter… (Interruptions). We are very much interested to provide a Bench of  the High Court at Madurai in Tamil Nadu. But at the same time, why can he not  interact with the State Government… (Interruptions). The Law Minister can go  and interact with the people in the State. What is wrong in it?\n<\/p>\n
SHRI M. THAMBI DURAI<\/a>: I want to interact. But they are putting somewhere ten  kilometres away where I cannot interact. That is how they are creating the  problems… (Interruptions).\n<\/p>\n
DR. SUBRAMANIAN SWAMY <\/a>: Now, we know that the Chief Minister…  (Interruptions).\n<\/p>\n
High Court Bench at Madurai in Tamil Nadu.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI C. GOPAL <\/a>(ARAKKONAM<\/a>): You are not in a position to understand the  position… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
SHRI M. THAMBI DURAI<\/a>: I am still assuring the House as well as the hon.  Members including Shri Baalu and Dr. Swamy that we are ready to take action  immediately provided that the Chief Justice of Madras High Court writes a letter  saying that the facilities provided by State Government are sufficient. We will  take action immediately.\n<\/p>\n
this… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN <\/a>: The Minister is replying categorically.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI N.K. PREMCHANDRAN <\/a>(QUILON<\/a>): Sir, now we are having discussion about  Madurai Bench. Similarly, a demand has come from Kerala. The State capital of  Kerala, namely, Trivandrum, is lacking Division Bench with the filing  facilities. Will the Government consider the proposal to have a Bench at  Trivandrum?\n<\/p>\n
SHRI VIJAYASHANKAR <\/a>(MYSORE<\/a>): Sir, I would request the Minister to say  something about Karnataka also.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI M. THAMBI DURAI<\/a>: I would speak about all the States including Tamil  Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, etc. <\/p>\n
SHRI MOTILAL VORA <\/a>(RAJNANDGAON<\/a>): Sir, the hon. Law Minister said that Jaswant  Singh Commission gave a recommendation for the creation of a High Court at  Raipur. But the capital of Madhya Pradesh, namely, Bhopal, is not having a Bench  at all. We have requested for creation of a Circuit Bench at Bhopal. Kindly  consider that.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI M. THAMBI DURAI<\/a>: I am for establishing either Circuit Bench or a  permanent Bench in all parts of the country. I am not against that.\n<\/p>\n
We are taking all steps in this regard. If a proposal from the State  Government along with the concurrence of the Chief Justice of that State is sent  to us, we will take all steps. There is already some controversy in some States.  For example, in Uttar Pradesh, the previous Government had selected certain  places. Then they had local problems. They had suggested Meerut as one of the  places but then people of Agra started agitating. There has been some agitation  going on here or there. They cannot pass on this kind of a blame on to the  Central Government. We are not in a position to sort out the local issues. That  must be sorted out by the State Governments. If they send a proposal, definitely  we will take all steps to establish a Circuit Bench or a Permanent Bench to  serve the people. That is the intention of the Government. We are taking all  steps in this regard. In Karnataka also, the same problem is going on where some  people have been agitating over the shifting of place. What Dr. Subramanian  Swamy said is a correct thing that there may be certain local problems. Let them  sort out the problem. I am for establishing not only this kind of a Permanent,  Circuit Bench but also for a Bench of the Supreme Court also. I am for that. But  the initiative should come from the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India.  If that comes, I will definitely take a view.\n<\/p>\n
The pendency of cases in Subordinate Courts has decreased from 2.18 crore as  on 31.12.1995 to about 2 crore as on 31.12.1997. We are still having the  pendency of cases in crores at the level of the Subordinate Courts. We are  taking all steps to see how it can be reduced. For that, the Government has  already introduced a Bill on Judicial Reforms for the amendment of the Civil  Procedure Code which will prove to be a milestone in the field of tackling  vexatious and frivolous litigation. The Bill inter alia contains the provision  not to allow more than three adjournments to a party in a case. We intend to  bring this Bill. The Bill is under active consideration of the Departmentally  related Parliamentary Standing Committee on Home Affairs.\n<\/p>\n
The Law Commission has recommended in its 154th Report for comprehensive  amendment of Criminal Procedure Code. The Code of Criminal Procedure (Amendment)  Bill, 1994 was introduced in the Rajya Sabha which contains a number of measures  for quick disposal of cases. The 154th Report contains inter alia setting up of  a separate and exclusive cadre of investigating agencies, ensuring timely  attendance of witnesses. These are some of the measures we are taking.\n<\/p>\n
Apart from that, I want to say something about the Lok Adalats. Most of the  Members have asked for providing free legal services to common man. That is the  intention of this Lok Adalat. The Lok Adalats have proved an effective mechanism  for alternative resolution of disputes through persuasive and conciliatory  efforts with the enforcement of the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987. We  have taken so many steps in this regard. Lok Adalats have been provided a  statutory base and are now vested with the powers of a civil court.\n<\/p>\n
By providing legal aid to the poor and the needy people, the Act of 1987 is a  step forward in the direction to provide inexpensive justice. In 1997-98, 9352  Lok Adalats were held and 9,45,090 cases were disposed of.\n<\/p>\n
As regards, appointment of more judges to the High Court, it has been decided  to create 31 new posts of judges in the courts and the next review of the  judges’ strength is due.\n<\/p>\n
The High Courts have already been provided with various modern office  equipments like telex, Fax, electronic typewriters etc. The various High Courts  and State Governments have informed that they are providing electronic  typewriters, photo-copier machines etc., to Subordinate Courts in a phased  manner. For modernising and streamlining the judiciary in the country through  computerisation, we have taken up so many projects and we are trying to  implement all those things. So far, about 253 District Courts have been provided  with computer hardware. This will help quick delivery of justice to the  litigants.In reply to my letter sent in August 1998, the High Courts  have informed that they are already taking these steps for expeditious disposal  of cases.\n<\/p>\n
(a) More practical categorisation and grouping of cases;\n<\/p>\n
(b) As far as possible cases scheduled to be taken up for hearing on a  particular day are listed for that day;\n<\/p>\n
(c) No accumulation of defective matters;\n<\/p>\n
(d) Reservation of more and sufficient time slot for old pending  miscellaneous matters so that they are listed in chronological order.\n<\/p>\n
(e) Streamlining of administration and manpower of the Registry staff through  computer network.\n<\/p>\n
The decrease in pendency of cases appears inter-alia due to the direction  given by the Supreme Court in its judgment dated 1.5.1996 in Writ Petition  (Civil) No. 1128 of 1996 for closing of cases involving minor offences pending  for two years or more in which proceedings have not commenced and also due to  appointment of Special judicial Magistrates under Section 13 and 18 of the Cr.  P.C. for the disposal of traffic and petty cases.\n<\/p>\n
It is to inform the Members of the House that the subordinate Judiciary is  under the administrative control of the High Court as per the Constitution of  India. My Ministry has been communicating with the High Courts and State  Governments regarding filling up of vacancies. However, most of the vacancies in  the Subordinate Courts are being filled up through respective State Public  Service Commission where the representatives of the High Courts are also  present. As regards system of checks and balance in our polity and increase in  number of public litigations entertained by the High Courts, I would say that  the self-constraint imposed by the High Courts under the direction of the  honourable Supreme Court is the only way to resolve this problem. As regards  creation of All India Judicial Service, the matter is under consideration of the  Government of India. Few State Governments have not agreed to this proposal. As  regards transfer policy regarding High Court Judges, the matter is covered by  the recent Supreme Court judgment. The High Court Judges are appointed and  transferred on the recommendations of the Chief Justice of India and are covered  by the Supreme Court unanimous verdict on the Presidential reference dated 28th  October, 1998.\n<\/p>\n
As regards setting up of more Benches of the Supreme Court, the matter  requires recommendation of the Chief Justice of India. No proposal has been  received from the Chief Justice of India in this regard as per Article 130 of  the Constitution. Whenever the proposal comes, the Government will take all the  steps.\n<\/p>\n
I am very grateful and thankful to all the hon. Members who have joined and  tried to pass the Bill.\n<\/p>\n
I want to mention also regarding the Shetty Commission which are already  going to give their various recommendations for Subordinate Judicial Commission,  what are the pay scales etc., which the Government has to consider.\n<\/p>\n
Therefore, once again, I request the hon. Members for whole-hearted support  to the Bill.\n<\/p>\n
… (Interruptions)\n<\/p>\n
SHRI AJAY CHAKRABORTY <\/a>(BASIRHAT<\/a>): What about constitution of Benches of the  Supreme Court?\n<\/p>\n
SHRI M. THAMBI DURAI<\/a>: The present Chief Justice has to give the proposal. As  soon as it comes, we will take that up.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN : The question is<\/a>:\n<\/p>\n
“That the Bill further to amend the High Court Judges (Salaries and  Conditions of Service) Act, 1954 and the Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and  Conditions of Service) Act, 1958, be taken into consideration.”\n<\/p>\n
The motion was adopted.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: The House shall now take up clause by clause consideration of  the Bill.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN: The question is<\/a>:\n<\/p>\n
“That clauses 2 to 11 stand part of the Bill.”\n<\/p>\n
The motion was adopted.\n<\/p>\n
Clauses 2 to 11 were added to the Bill.\n<\/p>\n
Clause 1, the Enacting Formula and the Title were added to the Bill.\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN<\/a>: The Minister may now move that the Bill be passed.\n<\/p>\n
SHRI M. THAMBI DURAI: I beg to move<\/a>:\n<\/p>\n
“That the Bill be passed.”\n<\/p>\n
MR. CHAIRMAN: The question is<\/a>:\n<\/p>\n
“That the Bill be passed.”\n<\/p>\n
The motion was adopted.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Lok Sabha Debates Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court … on 17 December, 1998 NT> Title: Further discussion on the motion for consideration of the High Court and Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service Amendment) Bill, 1998. 15.48 hrs. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u0905\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0939\u0924\u093e (\u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092a\u0941\u0930) : \u0938\u092d\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f \u091c\u0940, \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-121952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-judgements"],"yoast_head":"\nFurther Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court ... on 17 December, 1998 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court ... on 17 December, 1998 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"1998-12-16T18:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-10-28T04:55:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legaliadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Legal_india\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"53 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\"},\"headline\":\"Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court … on 17 December, 1998\",\"datePublished\":\"1998-12-16T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-10-28T04:55:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998\"},\"wordCount\":10595,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Judgements\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998\",\"name\":\"Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court ... on 17 December, 1998 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"1998-12-16T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-10-28T04:55:07+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court … on 17 December, 1998\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"name\":\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"description\":\"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"alternateName\":\"Legal India\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/LegalindiaCom\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Legal_india\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\",\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Legal India Admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/legaliadmin\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/author\\\/legal-india-admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court ... on 17 December, 1998 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court ... on 17 December, 1998 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","og_url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998","og_site_name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","article_published_time":"1998-12-16T18:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2015-10-28T04:55:07+00:00","og_image":[{"width":512,"height":512,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Legal India Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@legaliadmin","twitter_site":"@Legal_india","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Legal India Admin","Est. reading time":"53 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998"},"author":{"name":"Legal India Admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea"},"headline":"Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court … on 17 December, 1998","datePublished":"1998-12-16T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2015-10-28T04:55:07+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998"},"wordCount":10595,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Judgements"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998","name":"Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court ... on 17 December, 1998 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website"},"datePublished":"1998-12-16T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2015-10-28T04:55:07+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/further-discussion-on-the-motion-for-consideration-of-the-high-court-on-17-december-1998#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Further Discussion On The Motion For Consideration Of The High Court … on 17 December, 1998"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","description":"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization","name":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","alternateName":"Legal India","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","https:\/\/x.com\/Legal_india"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea","name":"Legal India Admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Legal India Admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com","https:\/\/x.com\/legaliadmin"],"url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/author\/legal-india-admin"}]}},"modified_by":null,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121952","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=121952"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121952\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=121952"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=121952"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=121952"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}