{"id":130807,"date":"2009-02-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-02-12T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/tehal-chand-and-another-vs-vivek-bajaj-on-13-february-2009"},"modified":"2017-09-24T01:33:54","modified_gmt":"2017-09-23T20:03:54","slug":"tehal-chand-and-another-vs-vivek-bajaj-on-13-february-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/tehal-chand-and-another-vs-vivek-bajaj-on-13-february-2009","title":{"rendered":"Tehal Chand And Another vs Vivek Bajaj on 13 February, 2009"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Punjab-Haryana High Court<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Tehal Chand And Another vs Vivek Bajaj on 13 February, 2009<\/div>\n<pre>     IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT\n                    CHANDIGARH\n\n                                        RSA No.1552 of 2008 (O&amp;M)\n                                        Date of decision: 13.02.2009\n\nTehal Chand and another                            ....Appellants\n\n                          versus\n\nVivek Bajaj                                        ....Respondent<\/pre>\n<p>CORAM: HON&#8217;BLE MR. JUSTICE VINOD K. SHARMA<\/p>\n<p>Present:      Mr. Vikram Singh, Advocate for the appellants.<\/p>\n<p>              Mr. Tejinder Pal Singh, Advocate for the respondent.<\/p>\n<p>Vinod K. Sharma, J(Oral)<\/p>\n<p>C.M. No.4911-C of 2008<\/p>\n<p>              This is an application under Section 5 of the Limitation Act<\/p>\n<p>for condoning the delay of 125 days in filing the appeal.<\/p>\n<p>              For the reasons stated in the application, C.M. is allowed<\/p>\n<p>and delay of 125 days in filing the appeal is ordered to be condoned.<\/p>\n<p>RSA No.1552 of 2008<\/p>\n<p>              This regular second appeal is directed against the judgments<\/p>\n<p>and decree dated 15.05.2007 and 17.10.2007 passed by the learned<\/p>\n<p>Courts below decreeing the suit filed by the plaintiff-respondent. for<\/p>\n<p>specific performance of an agreement to sell.<\/p>\n<p>              Plaintiff-respondent sought specific performance of an<\/p>\n<p>agreement to sell dated 22nd April, 1999 with respect to House No.761,<\/p>\n<p>Ward No.3, Panipat. It was pleaded by the plaintiff that by way of<\/p>\n<p>agreement to sell dated 22nd April, 1999, the defendant-appellants had<\/p>\n<p>agreed to sell the house in dispute for total sale consideration of Rs.5 lac<\/p>\n<p>out of which Rs.1 lac was paid as earnest money. The date for execution<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\"> RSA No.1552 of 2008 (O&amp;M)                                        -2-<\/span><\/p>\n<p>of the sale deed was fixed as 30th March, 2000. It was the case of the<\/p>\n<p>plaintiff-respondent that on 30th March, 2000, he was present in the<\/p>\n<p>office of Sub-Registrar, Panipat, along with the entire balance sale<\/p>\n<p>consideration and necessary charges for stamp and registration, but the<\/p>\n<p>defendants did not turn up to receive the balance sale consideration to<\/p>\n<p>get the sale deed executed in favour of the plaintiff. Thereafter, a notice<\/p>\n<p>was issued to the appellant-defendants on 5th December, 2000 to execute<\/p>\n<p>the sale deed. The appellant-defendants failed to execute the sale deed.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, it was claimed by the plaintiff-respondent that he was always<\/p>\n<p>willing and ready and still willing and ready to perform his part of<\/p>\n<p>contract.\n<\/p>\n<p>             On notice, defendants contested the suit by taking<\/p>\n<p>preliminary objections that the suit is not maintainable and the<\/p>\n<p>respondent-plaintiff has no locus standi to file and maintain the present<\/p>\n<p>suit. Plea of estoppel was also raised and it was pleaded that the plaintiff-<\/p>\n<p>respondent had concealed true and material facts from the Court.<\/p>\n<p>             However, on merits, the appellant-defendant denied the<\/p>\n<p>averments made in the plaint.\n<\/p>\n<p>             On the pleadings of the parties, the learned trial Court was<\/p>\n<p>pleased to frame the following issues:-\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>             &#8220;1. Whether defendants entered into an agreement to sell<br \/>\n             dated 22.4.99 with the defendants and received Rs.1 lac as<br \/>\n             earnest money, if so to what effect? OPP.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>             2.    Whether the plaintiff has been and is still ready and<br \/>\n             willing to perform his part of the agreement? OPP.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>             3.    Whether the suit is not maintainable in the present<br \/>\n             form? OPD.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\"> RSA No.1552 of 2008(O&amp;M)                                         -3-<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>            4.    Whether the plaintiff has no locus standi to file the<br \/>\n            suit? OPD.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>            5.     Whether the plaintiff is estopped from filing the suit<br \/>\n            by his own act and conduct? OPD.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>            6.    Whether the plaintiff has no cause of action to file the<br \/>\n            present suit? OPD.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>            7.     Relief.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>            The learned trial Court on the basis of evidence produced<\/p>\n<p>on record decided issue Nos.1 and 2 in favour of the plaintiff-respondent<\/p>\n<p>and held that the defendants had entered into an agreement to sell dated<\/p>\n<p>22nd April, 1999 and had also received a sum of Rs.1 lac as earnest<\/p>\n<p>money. It was also held that the plaintiff was ready and willing to<\/p>\n<p>perform his part of contract.    Issue Nos.4 and 6 were decided against<\/p>\n<p>the defendant-appellants, Issue Nos.3 and 5 were not pressed and<\/p>\n<p>therefore, decided against the defendants. Consequently, the suit was<\/p>\n<p>decreed.\n<\/p>\n<p>            In appeal, the findings of fact recorded by the learned trial<\/p>\n<p>Court stand affirmed by the learned lower Appellate Court.<\/p>\n<p>            Learned counsel for the appellants raised the following<\/p>\n<p>substantial question of law for consideration in this appeal:-<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>                   Whether in the facts and circumstances of the case, it<br \/>\n            was equitable for the Courts below to have granted a decree<br \/>\n            for specific performance instead of decreeing the suit for<br \/>\n            recovery along with damages and interest?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>            Learned counsel for the appellants in support of substantial<\/p>\n<p>question of law as framed, contended that the appellants never agreed to<\/p>\n<p>sell the house as it is the only house owned by the appellants, wherein 10<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\"> RSA No.1552 of 2008(O&amp;M)                                       -4-<\/span><\/p>\n<p>members are living and therefore the learned Court below should not<\/p>\n<p>have granted the decree for specific performance, rather plaintiff-<\/p>\n<p>respondent should have been granted decree for recovery of earnest<\/p>\n<p>money along with damages as it is a case of hardship. In support of his<\/p>\n<p>contention, the learned counsel for the appellants placed reliance on the<\/p>\n<p>judgment of Hon&#8217;ble Supreme Court in the case of Bal Krishan and<\/p>\n<p>another v. Bhagwan Das (dead) and others-2008(2) RCR (Civil) 732,<\/p>\n<p>wherein the Hon&#8217;ble Supreme Court has pleased to lay down as under :-<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>            &#8220;8.   Section 16 of the Specific Relief Act, 1963<br \/>\n            (hereinafter referred to as &#8220;the Act&#8221;) corresponds with<br \/>\n            Section 24 of the old Act of 1877 which lays down that the<br \/>\n            person seeking specific performance of the contract, must<br \/>\n            file a suit wherein he must allege and prove that he has<br \/>\n            performed or has been ready and willing to perform the<br \/>\n            essential terms of the contract, which are to be performed<br \/>\n            by him. The specific performance of the contract cannot be<br \/>\n            enforced in favour of the person who fails to aver and prove<br \/>\n            his readiness and willingness to perform essential terms of<br \/>\n            the contract. Explanation (ii) to clause (c ) of Section 16<br \/>\n            further makes it clear that plaintiff must aver performance<br \/>\n            of, or readiness and willingness to perform, the contract<br \/>\n            according to its true construction. The compliance of the<br \/>\n            requirement of Section 16(c ) is mandatory and in the<br \/>\n            absence of proof of the same that the plaintiff has been<br \/>\n            ready and willing to perform his part of the contract suit<br \/>\n            cannot succeed. The first requirement is that he must aver<br \/>\n            in plaint and thereafter prove those averments made in the<br \/>\n            plaint. The plaintiff&#8217;s readiness and willingness must be in<br \/>\n            accordance with the terms of the agreement. The readiness<br \/>\n            and willingness of the plaintiff to perform the essential part<br \/>\n            of the contract would be required to be demonstrated by<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\"> RSA No.1552 of 2008(O&amp;M)                                         -5-<\/span><br \/>\n             him from the institution of the suit till it is culminated into<br \/>\n             decree of the court. It is also settled by various decisions of<br \/>\n             this Court that by virtue of Section 20 of the Act, the relief<br \/>\n             for specific performance lies in the discretion of the court<br \/>\n             and the court is not bound to grant such relief merely<br \/>\n             because it is lawful to do so. The exercise of the discretion<br \/>\n             to order specific performance would require the court to<br \/>\n             satisfy itself that the circumstances are such that it is<br \/>\n             equitable to grant decree for specific performance of the<br \/>\n             contract. While exercising the discretion, the court would<br \/>\n             take into consideration the circumstances of the case, the<br \/>\n             conduct of parties, and their respective interests under the<br \/>\n             contract. No specific performance of a contract, though it<br \/>\n             is not vitiated by fraud or misrepresentation, can be granted<br \/>\n             if it would give an unfair advantage to the plaintiff and<br \/>\n             where the performance of the contract would involve some<br \/>\n             hardship on the defendant, which he did not foresee. In<br \/>\n             other words, the court&#8217;s discretion to grant specific<br \/>\n             performance is not exercised if the contract is not equal and<br \/>\n             fair, although the contract is not void.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>             However on consideration of the matter, I find no merit in<\/p>\n<p>the contentions raised by the learned counsel for the appellants. In this<\/p>\n<p>case the factum of execution of agreement to sell has not been denied,<\/p>\n<p>nor defendant-appellants disputed the fact that the plaintiff-respondent<\/p>\n<p>was willing and still willing to perform his part of contract.<\/p>\n<p>             The plea of hardship to invoke Section 20 of Specific Relief<\/p>\n<p>Act was not taken before the learned Courts below and has been raised<\/p>\n<p>for the first time before this Court.\n<\/p>\n<p>             There is no nothing on record to support the contention<\/p>\n<p>now sought to be raised that the decree for specific performance would<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\"> RSA No.1552 of 2008(O&amp;M)                                     -6-<\/span><\/p>\n<p>not be equitable. It is settled law that agreement to sell immovable<\/p>\n<p>property is to be specifically enforced as the payment of damages cannot<\/p>\n<p>be said to be adequate compensation for breach of the said contract. No<\/p>\n<p>case for grant adequate compensation has been made out, so as to deny<\/p>\n<p>the relief of specific performance.\n<\/p>\n<p>             The substantial question of law framed is answered against<\/p>\n<p>the appellants.\n<\/p>\n<p>             No merit.\n<\/p>\n<p>             Dismissed.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>                                          (VINOD K. SHARMA)<br \/>\n                                                   JUDGE<br \/>\n13.02.2009<br \/>\nsanjeev\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Punjab-Haryana High Court Tehal Chand And Another vs Vivek Bajaj on 13 February, 2009 IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH RSA No.1552 of 2008 (O&amp;M) Date of decision: 13.02.2009 Tehal Chand and another &#8230;.Appellants versus Vivek Bajaj &#8230;.Respondent CORAM: HON&#8217;BLE MR. JUSTICE VINOD K. SHARMA Present: Mr. Vikram Singh, Advocate for [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-130807","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-punjab-haryana-high-court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tehal Chand And Another vs Vivek Bajaj on 13 February, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/tehal-chand-and-another-vs-vivek-bajaj-on-13-february-2009\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tehal Chand And Another vs Vivek Bajaj on 13 February, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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