{"id":1364,"date":"1994-12-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1994-12-13T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/smt-ishwari-devi-vs-smt-sarla-devi-ors-on-14-december-1994"},"modified":"2018-07-06T23:03:54","modified_gmt":"2018-07-06T17:33:54","slug":"smt-ishwari-devi-vs-smt-sarla-devi-ors-on-14-december-1994","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/smt-ishwari-devi-vs-smt-sarla-devi-ors-on-14-december-1994","title":{"rendered":"Smt. Ishwari Devi vs Smt. Sarla Devi &amp; Ors on 14 December, 1994"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Smt. Ishwari Devi vs Smt. Sarla Devi &amp; Ors on 14 December, 1994<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1995 SCC,   Supl.  (2)  86 JT 1995 (1)\t175<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: R Sahai<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Sahai, R.M. (J)<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nSMT. ISHWARI DEVI\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSMT. SARLA  DEVI &amp; ORS.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT14\/12\/1994\n\nBENCH:\nSAHAI, R.M. (J)\nBENCH:\nSAHAI, R.M. (J)\nSINGH N.P. (J)\n\nCITATION:\n 1995 SCC  Supl.  (2)  86 JT 1995 (1)\t175\n 1994 SCALE  (5)291\n\n\nACT:\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>R.M. SAHAI, J.:\n<\/p>\n<p>1.     The dispute in this appeal relates to  interpretation<br \/>\nof  a sale deed. It is not disputed that one Churu  Ram\t was<br \/>\nthe  owner  of the property in dispute. He executed  a\tsale<br \/>\ndeed  on 28th December 1976 in favour of the  appellant\t the<br \/>\nrelevant portions of which are extracted below:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\t\t   &#8220;And whereas the Vendor is the owner\t and<br \/>\n\t      in possession of a two storey building  called<br \/>\n\t      &#8216;Anand  Bhawan&#8217; built in four sets  which\t are<br \/>\n\t      old and in dilapidated conditions over a\tland<br \/>\n\t      Khewat 1qo.32, Khatauni No.48,  Khasra  No.613<br \/>\n\t      admeasuring 4 Biswas, Gair Mumkin, situated in<br \/>\n\t      Kethu  No.7, Teh. &amp; Distt. Shimla and  entered<br \/>\n\t      into revenue records as per Jamabandi for\t the<br \/>\n\t      year 1970-71;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t      NOW THIS SALE DEED WITNESSETH AS UNDER:<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t\t    That  the Vendor, as per the above\tsale<br \/>\n\t      agreement,    has\t  transferred\t his\tland<br \/>\n\t      admeasuring  4 Biswas, Khewat No.32,  Khatauni<br \/>\n\t      No.48,  Khasra No.613 over which a two  storey<br \/>\n\t      building\tcalled\t&#8216;Anand\tBhawan&#8217;\t is   built,<br \/>\n\t      situated\tin  Village Kethu, Tehsil  &amp;  Distt.<br \/>\n\t      Shimla  for  Rs.\t13,000\/-  (Rupees   Thirteen<br \/>\n\t      Thousand only) with all its title,  ownership,<br \/>\n\t      road   water,   airlight,\t  including    other<br \/>\n\t      amenities,  fittings,  fixtures,\tdrains\t and<br \/>\n\t      other  rights  whatsoever the  Vendor  has  in<br \/>\n\t      respect  of  the said land and the  house,  in<br \/>\n\t      favour   of   the\t  Vendee   completely\t and<br \/>\n\t      permanently.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t\t  The  possession  of the property  and\t the<br \/>\n\t      land  sold has been handed over to the  vendee<br \/>\n\t      today.  The possession of one set is with\t the<br \/>\n\t      husband  of the vendee and the  possession  of<br \/>\n\t      rest  of\tthe property is\t given\tthrough\t the<br \/>\n\t      tenants.\tThe  tenants  living  in  the  above<br \/>\n\t      property\tare &#8211; (1) Sant Ram, (2)\t Salig\tRam,<br \/>\n\t      (3) Bali Ram and (4) Amogh Chand.&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Prior  to construing the sale deed and finding\tout  whether<br \/>\nwhat was transferred was entire Anand Bhawan owned by Churu<br \/>\nRam  or\t only 4 biswas of Khasra no.613 it is  necessary  to<br \/>\nmention\t few  facts  not  with a view  to  decide  title  of<br \/>\nappellant but to emphasise that things were not as they have<br \/>\nbeen  made out by the District Judge which has\tresulted  in<br \/>\nnot only in grave error of law but even gross miscarriage of<br \/>\njustice.  The appellant is the wife of Amogh Chand  who\t was<br \/>\ntenant\tof  one of the sets and was  mentioned in  the\tsale<br \/>\ndeed at no.4. The respondent is the daughter-in-law of\tSant<br \/>\nRam  who  was also tenant of one set and  was  mentioned  as<br \/>\nno.l.  In&#8217; 1979 the appellant filed a petition for  eviction<br \/>\nof Sant Ram. It was contested by him. He denied ownership of<br \/>\nthe  appellant. Therefore, the appellant to prove her  title<br \/>\nfiled  the  sale  deed and jamabandi, that  is\tthe  revenue<br \/>\nextract of 1970-71. The entry in it is as under:\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">177<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Khewat\t Khautani  Name of  Name of  Khasra Posse-  Revenue<br \/>\n No.\t No.\t   owner    culti-   No.\t    ssion<br \/>\n\t\t   with\t     vator<br \/>\n\t\t   address   with<br \/>\n\t\t\t     address<br \/>\n32\t48\t  Chum\t      Self in\t   613\t 0- 4  0- 5<br \/>\n\t\t  Ram s\/o     possession<br \/>\n\t\t  Ramdinu     with the<br \/>\n\t\t  Mall\t      permission\t Lehri<br \/>\n\t\t  s\/o\t      of owner.\t\t Bhawan<br \/>\n\t\t  In\t\t\t\t O- 1<br \/>\n\t\t  posse-\t\t\t Bungalow<br \/>\n\t\t  ssion\t\t\t\t 0 &#8211; 3<br \/>\n\t\t  owner<br \/>\n\t\t  Ganga Ram<br \/>\n\t\t  Manderja<br \/>\n\t\t  Khewat<br \/>\n\t\t  No.29<br \/>\n\t\t  Successor<br \/>\n\t\t  Shyamlal Deh.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>On this entry Sant Ram claimed that the area of Anand Bhawan<br \/>\nwas 7 biswas out of which 4 biswas was transferred in favour<br \/>\nof  the\t appellant. The Rent Control Officer held  that\t the<br \/>\nclaim  was  based  on misapprehension as the  details  of  4<br \/>\nhiswas\tmentioned in the Khasra was added up to submit\tthat<br \/>\ntotal  area was 7 biswas. What is necessary to be  mentioned<br \/>\nthat Sant Ram never claimed that only a part of Anand Bhawan<br \/>\nwas  sold and the portion in his occupation continued to  be<br \/>\nwith Churu Ram or his successor. In 1981 the application for<br \/>\neviction was allowed, only, to the extent that Sant Ram\t was<br \/>\nfound in arrears from 28.12.1976 to 31.8.1979 at the rate of<br \/>\nRs.86  p.m. But Sant Ram was probably aware that  the  total<br \/>\narea  over  which the building was standing  was  7  biswas.<br \/>\nTherefore  in  the  same year,\tthat  is  1980-81  something<br \/>\nunexplainable happened. Apart from one extract repeating the<br \/>\nentry  of  Jamabandi as it was in 197071 another  entry\t was<br \/>\nmade  in  name of Churu Ram over Khasra\t no.491.  The  exact<br \/>\nentry is reproduced below:\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Khautani Name of   Name of  Khasra Posse-  Revenue Remarks<br \/>\n  No.\t  owner\t    culti-   No.    ssion<br \/>\n\t  with\t    vator<br \/>\n\t  address   with<br \/>\n\t\t    address<br \/>\n239\t Churu\t     Owner\t  491\t0 &#8211; 3\t468<br \/>\n\t Ram\t     in\t\t\tUnauthorised<br \/>\n\t s\/o\t     posse-\t\tBungalow<br \/>\n\t Ram\t     ssion.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t Ritu Mal<br \/>\n\t Wasi Deh&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">178<\/span><\/p>\n<p>If  Churu  Ram\twas owner how could he\tbe  in\tunauthorised<br \/>\noccupation.  The two do not go together. That is why to\t put<br \/>\nat  the\t mildest the entry was purposive. It  is  surprising<br \/>\nthat  conscience of none of the courts below was stirred  by<br \/>\nsuch entry and the District Judge or the High Court did\t not<br \/>\ncare to ascertain as to how such entries came to be made  in<br \/>\nthe  revenue record and did not consider it  appropriate  to<br \/>\ntake  action  against the officials concerned. All  this  is<br \/>\nbeing  said not because anything tums on it so far title  of<br \/>\nthe  appellant is concerned but only to emphasise  that\t the<br \/>\ncourts below should have been more vigilant.\n<\/p>\n<p>2.     Reverting  to the narration of facts Sant  Ram  being<br \/>\narmed  with  entry  of\t198081,\t procured  probably  at\t his<br \/>\ninstance,  obtained power of attorney from the two  sons  of<br \/>\nChuru Ram who of course had nothing to loose and within\t one<br \/>\nmonth  as  holder of power of attorney he sold 3  biswas  in<br \/>\nfavour\tof his daughter-in-law, the respondent. In 1987\t the<br \/>\nappellant  filed another eviction petition against Sant\t Ram<br \/>\nwhich  was  contested  and now ownership  of  the  flat\t was<br \/>\nclaimed\t with respondent.  The Rent Control Officer  allowed<br \/>\nthe  application and commented adversely against  Sant\tRam.<br \/>\nThen  the respondent filed the present suit for\t declaration<br \/>\nthat the two orders passed by Rent Control Officer were null<br \/>\nand void and sought an injunction restraining appellant from<br \/>\ninterferring  in her possession.  The suit was dismissed  by<br \/>\nthe Trial Court. It was held that the sale deed in favour of<br \/>\nrespondent  was invalid. The oral and  documentary  evidence<br \/>\nwas rejected and recitals in sale deed of 1976 were held  to<br \/>\nbe  conclusive.\t The Trial Court further noticed  that\twhen<br \/>\neviction  proceedings were started by the appellant  against<br \/>\nanother\t tenant\t he went to the length of denying  title  of<br \/>\nappellant  and claimed that entire right and title of  Anand<br \/>\nBhawan\tvested in respondent. In appeal the  District  Judge<br \/>\nrelying on evidence of Kanungo who had gone to demarcate the<br \/>\narea  on  spot,\t tax receipts and  report.  of\tCommissioner<br \/>\nallowed\t the appeal.  It was held that since Churu Ram\tsold<br \/>\nonly  four  biswas of Khasra No.613 and no  corrigendum\t was<br \/>\nissued\tthe sale of remaining area of three biswas or  Anand<br \/>\nBhawan\twhich  had  separate Khasra No.491 by  his  sons  in<br \/>\nfavour of respondent was valid.\t The order was maintained by<br \/>\nthe High Court.\n<\/p>\n<p>3.\tIf  the revenue extracts, particularly,\t of  1980-81<br \/>\nrecording  Churu Ram as owner in unauthorised occupation  of<br \/>\nthe  bungalow over 0.3 in Khasra no.491 would have  inspired<br \/>\nany confidence or there would have been some doubt if it was<br \/>\na  correct and true depiction of the state of affairs as  it<br \/>\nexisted\t on  spot we would have sent the case  back  to\t the<br \/>\nDistrict Judge. But the circumstances and above all the sale<br \/>\ndeed  executed in 1976 arc so transparent that it leaves  no<br \/>\ndoubt that the order of the two courts below are  manifestly<br \/>\nerroneous. No amount of evidence, oral or documentary, could<br \/>\ndemolish  the  sanctity of the sale deed executed  by  Churu<br \/>\nRam.  The  vendor after disclosing his title  mentioned\t not<br \/>\nonly  the  details of property. but gave out in\t detail\t the<br \/>\nextent\twhich  he was transferring. It\twas  mentioned\tthat<br \/>\nAnand Bhawan with four flats which were in occupation  of(l)<br \/>\nSant  Ram, (2) Salig Ram, (3) Bali Ram and (4)\tAmogh  Chand<br \/>\nwere being sold and possession was delivered. The recital is<br \/>\nclear  and  unambiguous.  The identity\twas  established  by<br \/>\ngiving Khasra numbers, name of village and area as mentioned<br \/>\nin &#8216; jamabandi.\t Since entire Anand Bhawan<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">179<\/span><br \/>\nwith  two  storeyed  building and four flats  was  sold\t and<br \/>\nhanded over to the appellant the description of four  biswas<br \/>\nwas  an error which crept in due to its wrong  recording  in<br \/>\njamabandi.   When  the Anand Bhawan was\t situated  in  seven<br \/>\nbiswas as it now transpires to be the mention of four biswas<br \/>\nin jamabandi and its repetition in sale deed &#8216;was  obviously<br \/>\nmistake which could not recoil against appellant.  It is not<br \/>\nthe claim of respondent that Churu Ram was possessed of\t any<br \/>\nother property.\n<\/p>\n<p>4.\tIn  construing\ta sale deed the words  used  by\t the<br \/>\nvendor cannot be ignored on any supposition or\tpresumption.<br \/>\nWhere  the  property has been specifically identified  in  a<br \/>\ndeed any ambiguity or inconsistency arising out of it has to<br \/>\nbe disregarded. As explained earlier the recital in the sale<br \/>\ndeed is clear and unequivocal.\tThe vendor who was the owner<br \/>\nof  Anand  Bhawan  intended  without  any  reservations\t  to<br \/>\ntransfer  the two storeyed building called Anand  Bhawan  in<br \/>\nfavour\tof the appellant.  This could not be diluted  merely<br \/>\nbecause the area was mentioned as four biswas. The appellant<br \/>\nbecame owner of the entire Anand Bhawan and the entire\tarea<br \/>\nstood vested in her. The erroneous recital in the sale\tdeed<br \/>\nthat Anant Bhawan was situated in 4 biswas would not in\t any<br \/>\nmanner\taffect\tthe  title of  the  appellant.\tThe  learned<br \/>\ncounsel for respondent attempted to sup-&#8216; port the order  by<br \/>\nplacing\t reliance on the report of the Commissioner and\t the<br \/>\nundertaking  given  by the appellant before  District  Judge<br \/>\nthat if the building was found situated in any other  Khasra<br \/>\nthan  Khasra No.613 then she would not claim any right\tover<br \/>\nit.   But what was lost sight of was that the appellant\t was<br \/>\nso sure due to description of the area in the jamabandi that<br \/>\nit  must not have crossed her mind that there was a  mistake<br \/>\nor  error  in  it.  Nor she could have\tbeen  aware  of\t the<br \/>\nplanning  of  Sant Ram who after  advancing  a\tpreposterous<br \/>\nargument  on  the description of property  in  jamabandi  of<br \/>\n1970-71\t in  column  no. 5 proceeded to\t give  it  shape  by<br \/>\ngetting\t 3 biswas entered in name of Churu Ram in  the\tsame<br \/>\nyear  and then got an ex-parte report from the Kanungo\tthat<br \/>\nAnand  Bhawan was situated in two plots.  The appellant\t was<br \/>\nnot  aware of all this and, therefore, she appears  to\thave<br \/>\nagreed\tfor the appointment of a commissioner who when\twent<br \/>\nto  the spot and having found that the area being  7  biswas<br \/>\nand 4 being entered in Khasra no. 613 and 3 in Khasra no.491<br \/>\nhad  no option except to submit the report in favour of\t the<br \/>\nrespondeat.  But  it  was  the duty of\tthe  court  to\thave<br \/>\nattempted  to  find out the truth by  sending  the  original<br \/>\nrevenue\t records  and  find out if actually  there  was\t any<br \/>\nKhasra\tno. 491 before 1980-81. Same was with  the  ex-parte<br \/>\nreport\t of   Kanungo.\t The  tax  receipts  too   mentioned<br \/>\nappellant as owner of entire Anand Bhawan. In any case\teven<br \/>\nassuming  that 3 biswas of Anand Bhawan fell in\t Khasra\t No.<br \/>\n491   Churu  Ram  who undisputedly was the owner  of  entire<br \/>\nAnand  Bhawan  having  transferred the\tentire\tproperty  in<br \/>\nfavour\tof  the appellant the title passed to her  over\t the<br \/>\nentire\tarea  whether it fell under Khasra No. 613  or\t491.<br \/>\nThe submission of the respondent, therefore, is liable to be<br \/>\nrejected.\n<\/p>\n<p>5.\tIn the result this appeal succeeds and\tis  allowed.<br \/>\nThe orders passed by the High Court and the First  Appellate<br \/>\nCourt\tarc  set  aside.  The  plaintiff  suit\t filed\t for<br \/>\ndeclaration and injunction is dismissed. The appellant shall<br \/>\nbe entitled to her costs throughout.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">181<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Smt. Ishwari Devi vs Smt. Sarla Devi &amp; Ors on 14 December, 1994 Equivalent citations: 1995 SCC, Supl. (2) 86 JT 1995 (1) 175 Author: R Sahai Bench: Sahai, R.M. (J) PETITIONER: SMT. ISHWARI DEVI Vs. RESPONDENT: SMT. SARLA DEVI &amp; ORS. DATE OF JUDGMENT14\/12\/1994 BENCH: SAHAI, R.M. (J) BENCH: SAHAI, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Smt. Ishwari Devi vs Smt. 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