{"id":139506,"date":"1976-12-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1976-12-08T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/mani-subrat-jain-etc-vs-state-of-haryana-and-ors-on-9-december-1976"},"modified":"2016-09-08T06:47:54","modified_gmt":"2016-09-08T01:17:54","slug":"mani-subrat-jain-etc-vs-state-of-haryana-and-ors-on-9-december-1976","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/mani-subrat-jain-etc-vs-state-of-haryana-and-ors-on-9-december-1976","title":{"rendered":"Mani Subrat Jain Etc vs State Of Haryana And Ors on 9 December, 1976"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Mani Subrat Jain Etc vs State Of Haryana And Ors on 9 December, 1976<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1977 AIR  276, \t\t  1976 SCR  (2) 361<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: A Ray<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Ray, A.N. (Cj)<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nMANI SUBRAT JAIN ETC.\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSTATE OF HARYANA AND ORS.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT09\/12\/1976\n\nBENCH:\nRAY, A.N. (CJ)\nBENCH:\nRAY, A.N. (CJ)\nBEG, M. HAMEEDULLAH\nSINGH, JASWANT\n\nCITATION:\n 1977 AIR  276\t\t  1976 SCR  (2) 361\n 1977 SCC  (1) 486\n CITATOR INFO :\n E&amp;R\t    1978 SC 327\t (11)\n E&amp;R\t    1987 SC 331\t (19,28,33)\n RF\t    1989 SC  49\t (19)\n\n\nACT:\n\t    Constitution  of  India--Writ of mandamus, when  can  be\n\tasked  for   Article 233, scope\t of--Direct  recruitment  of\n\tDistrict Judges--Whether Governor bound to accept, recommen-\n\tdation of High Court.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\tThe Haryana High Court invited applications and\t interviewed\n\tcandidates  for filling up vacancies in the quota of  direct\n\trecruits  from\tthe bar, in the\t Haryana  Superior  Judicial\n\tService.   The names of the appellants were  recommended  to\n\tthe  State Government who rejected them and asked  the\tHigh\n\tCourt  to invite application again. Accepting the  position,\n\tthe  High  Court issued the advertisements.  The  appellants\n\tfiled petitions against the order rejecting their names\t and\n\tasked for mandamus for appointment.  The same were dismissed\n\tby  the High Court on the ground that the appellants had  no\n\tlocus standi.\n\tDismissing the appeals, the Court,\n\t    HELD:  (1) There must be a judicially enforceable  right\n\tas well as a legally protected right before one suffering  a\n\tlegal grievance can ask for a mandamus. A person can be said\n\tto be aggrieved only when he is denied a legal right by some\n\tone who has  legal duty to do something or  to\tabstain from\n\tdoing something. [362G-H, 363A-B]\n\t    <a href=\"\/doc\/470118\/\">State of Haryana v. Subash Chander Marwaha &amp; Ors.<\/a> [1974]\n\t1  S.C.R. 165; <a href=\"\/doc\/1749406\/\">Jasbhai Motibhai Desai v. Roshan\t Kumar\tHaji\n\tBashir\tAhmed &amp; Ors.<\/a> [1976] 3 S.C.R. 58; Halsbury's Laws  of\n\tEngland 4th Ed. Vol. I, pargraph 122 and Ferris\t Extra-ordi-\n\tnary Legal Remedies, paragraph 198, applied.\n\t(2) The initial appointment of District Judges under Article\n\t233  is within the exclusive jurisdiction of the  Government\n\tafter consultation with the High  Court though the consulta-\n\ttion  does not mean that the Governor must  accept  whatever\n\tadvice or recommendation is given by the High Court. Article\n\t233  only requires that the Governor should obtain from\t the\n\tHigh  Court its views\ton the merits and demerits  of\tper-\n\tsons, selected for promotion and direct recruitment.[363A-B.\n\tF-G]\n\t    <a href=\"\/doc\/1799596\/\">Chandra  Mohan v. State of Uttar Pradesh &amp; Ors.<\/a>   [1967]\n\t1 S.C.R.  77; <a href=\"\/doc\/1304035\/\">Chandramouleshwar Prasad v. Patna High Court &amp;\n\tOrs.<\/a>  [1970] 2 S.C.R. 666 and <a href=\"\/doc\/377472\/\">A. Panduranga Rao v. State  of\n\tAndhra Pradesh &amp; Ors.<\/a> [1976] 1\tS.C.R. 620. referred to.\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>\t    CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeals Nos.  1987.-<br \/>\n\t1988 of 1976.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    (Appeals  by Special Leave from the Judgment  and  Order<br \/>\n\tdated the 25-3-1975 of the Punjab and Haryana High Court  in<br \/>\n\tCivil Writ Petn. Nos. 1228 &amp; 1229 of 1975).<br \/>\n\t    G.L.  Singh, in CA 1988\/76 with Hardev Singh, B.   Datta<br \/>\n\tand N.S. Sodhi, for the appellants.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    Niren  De, Attorney General with Devan Chetan Das,\tAdv.<br \/>\n\tGeneral,  Prem Malhotra and R.N. Sachthey,  for\t respondents<br \/>\n\tNos. 1 &amp; 2.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tAnand Swarup, and Mrs. S. Bhandare, for respondent No. 3.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">\t362<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\tThe Judgment of the Court was delivered by<br \/>\n\t    RAY, C.J. These appeals are by special leave against the<br \/>\n\tjudgment dated 25 March, 1975 of the Punjab and Haryana High<br \/>\n\tCourt dismissing the writ petitions.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    The appellants in the writ petitions asked for a  manda-<br \/>\n\tmus directing Respondents No. 1 and 2 to appoint the  appel-<br \/>\n\tlants  to  the\tposts of Additional  District  and  Sessions<br \/>\n\tJudge.\t The  appellants  also asked for a  mandamus  or  an<br \/>\n\tappropriate  writ quashing the orders of Respondents  No.  1<br \/>\n\tand  2 whereby the High Court was informed that the  Govern-<br \/>\n\tment was not prepared to appoint the appellants to the\tpost<br \/>\n\tof Additional District and Sessions Judge.<br \/>\n\t    Respondent\tNo. 1 is the State of  Haryana.\t  Respondent<br \/>\n\tNo. 2 is the Chief Minister of Haryana. Respondent No. 3  is<br \/>\n\tthe High Court of Punjab and Haryana.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    The\t High  Court dismissed the petitions on\t the  ground<br \/>\n\tthat  the appellants had no locus standi to file  the  peti-<br \/>\n\ttions. The reason given by the High Court is that the appel-<br \/>\n\tlants  were  not appointed and they had no right to  be\t ap-<br \/>\n\tpointed.   They had also no right to know why they were\t not<br \/>\n\tappointed.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    The High Court by letter dated 19 February, 1972 invited<br \/>\n\tapplications from eligible members of the Bar to fill up two<br \/>\n\tvacancies  in the quota of direct recruits from the  Bar  in<br \/>\n\tthe   Haryana\tSuperior Judicial Service.  The\t High  Court<br \/>\n\tcalled for interview 9 candidates on 18 October, 1972.<br \/>\n\t    The\t High  Court thereafter recommended to\tthe  Haryana<br \/>\n\tGovernment  the names of the appellants for  appointment  as<br \/>\n\tDistrict\/Additional District &amp; Sessions Judges.<br \/>\n\tAfter 27 months the Government reacted the recommendation of<br \/>\n\tthe  High  Court.   Thereupon  the  appellants\tfiled\twrit<br \/>\n\tpetitions challenging the order of rejection and  asked\t for<br \/>\n\tmandamus  for appointment.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    There is a letter dated 8 September, 1972 from the Chief<br \/>\n\tSecretary  to the Government of Haryana to the Registrar  of<br \/>\n\tthe  High Court.  In that letter the Government took  excep-<br \/>\n\ttion to the inviting of applications from members of the Bar<br \/>\n\twithout the  High  Court having first obtained the  approval<br \/>\n\tof  the Government for that purpose. The letter also  stated<br \/>\n\tthat  in the past two occasions the High Court obtained\t the<br \/>\n\tapproval  of the State Government before  inviting  applica-<br \/>\n\ttion.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    The\t High Court rightly dismissed the petitions.  It  is<br \/>\n\telementary though it is to be restated that no one can\t ask<br \/>\n\tfor   a\t  mandamus without a legal right.  There must  be  a<br \/>\n\tjudicially enforceable right as well as a legally  protected<br \/>\n\tright  before one suffering a legal grievance can ask for  a<br \/>\n\tmandamus.  A person can be said to be aggrieved only when  a<br \/>\n\tperson\tis denied a legal right by some one who has a  legal<br \/>\n\tduty<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">\t363<\/span><br \/>\n\tto  do\tsomething or to abstain from  doing  something\t(See<br \/>\n\tHalsbury&#8217;s  Laws of England 4th Ed. Vol. I,  paragraph\t122;<br \/>\n\t<a href=\"\/doc\/470118\/\">State of Haryana v. Subash Chander Marwaha &amp; Ors.<\/a>(1) <a href=\"\/doc\/1749406\/\">Jasbhai<br \/>\n\tMotibhai Desai v. Roshan Kumar Haji Bashir Ahmed &amp; Ors.<\/a>\t (2)<br \/>\n\tand Ferris Extraordinary Legal Remedies paragraph 198.<br \/>\n\t    The initial appointment of District Judges under Article<br \/>\n\t233  is within the exclusive jurisdiction of the  Government<br \/>\n\tafter consultation with the High Court.\t The Governor is not<br \/>\n\tbound  to act  on  the advice of the High Court.   The\tHigh<br \/>\n\tCourt  recommends the names of persons for appointment.\t  If<br \/>\n\tthe names are recommended by the High Court it is not  obli-<br \/>\n\tgatory on the Governor to accept the recommendation.<br \/>\n\t    Counsel  for the appellants relied on the  decisions  of<br \/>\n\tthis  Court  in <a href=\"\/doc\/1799596\/\">Chandra Mohan v. State of Uttar\t  Pradesh  &amp;<br \/>\n\tOrs.<\/a>(3);  <a href=\"\/doc\/1304035\/\">Chandramouleshwar  Prasad v. Patna  High  Court  &amp;<br \/>\n\tOrs<\/a>(4)\tand <a href=\"\/doc\/377472\/\">A. Panduranga Rao v. State of Andhra  Pradesh  &amp;<br \/>\n\tORS.<\/a>(5) in SUppOrt of  tWO contentions.\t First, the Governor<br \/>\n\tshould\taccept the recommendations made by the\tHigh  Court.<br \/>\n\tSecond, if the Governor will not accept the  recommendations<br \/>\n\the  should give reasons for not accepting   the\t recommenda-<br \/>\n\ttions.\tNone of the decisions supports the contentions.<br \/>\n\t    In\tthese three cases the scope and content\t of  Article<br \/>\n\t233   was examined.  This Court has held that the  Constitu-<br \/>\n\ttion contemplates consultation of the Governor with the High<br \/>\n\tCourt inasmuch as the High Court is in a position to express<br \/>\n\tviews  on the judicial work of persons who  are\t recommended<br \/>\n\tfor  appointment to the posts of District Judges.  The\tHigh<br \/>\n\tCourt knows the merits and demerits  of persons who will  be<br \/>\n\tpromoted  from\tthe service to the  post.   The\t High  Court<br \/>\n\tinterviews persons who will be appointed by direct  recruit-<br \/>\n\tment.  The High Court in  those\t circumstances\twill  select<br \/>\n\tcandidates  for\t promotion and direct recruitment  and\tsend<br \/>\n\ttheir names to the Government.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    This  Court has also held that the consultation  of\t the<br \/>\n\tGovernor with the High Court does not mean that the Governor<br \/>\n\tmust   aceept whatever advice or recommendation is given  by<br \/>\n\tthe   High   Court. Article 233 requires that  the  Governor<br \/>\n\tshould\tobtain\tfrom  the High Court its views on the merits<br \/>\n\tand  demerits of persons, selected for promotion and  direct<br \/>\n\trecruitment.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    In\tregard to persons who are appointed by promotion  or<br \/>\n\tdirect\trecruitment this Court has held that it is not\topen<br \/>\n\tto the\tGovernment to choose a candidate for appOintment  by<br \/>\n\tdirect recruitment or by promotion unless and until his name<br \/>\n\tis recommended\tby  the High Court.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    In Panduranga Rao&#8217;s case (supra) there is an observation<br \/>\n\tthat  the Government could tell the High Court\tits  reasons<br \/>\n\tfor not accepting<br \/>\n\t  (1) [1974] 1 S.C.R. 165.\t    (2) [19761 3 S.C.R. 58.<br \/>\n\t  (3) [1967] 1 S.C.R. 77.\t    (4) [19701 2 S.C.R. 666.<br \/>\n\t  (5) [1976] 1 S.C.R. 620.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">\t364<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\tthe  recommendations of the High Court in regard to  certain<br \/>\n\tpersons.  The observation in Panduranga Rao&#8217;s  case  (supra)<br \/>\n\twas made in the facts and circumstances of that case and  in<br \/>\n\tparticular the controversial correspondence.<br \/>\n\t    In the present case the Government pointed out that\t the<br \/>\n\tHigh  Court  had  not written to the  Government  about\t the<br \/>\n\tproposed  appointments before issuing advertisements  there-<br \/>\n\tfor.\tIn any event, after the Government  communicated  to<br \/>\n\tthe High Court that the\t recommendations were not   accepted<br \/>\n\ta  new\tsituation  developed. The Government asked the\tHigh<br \/>\n\tCourt to issue advertisements and to invite applications for<br \/>\n\tappointment  to\t the posts.   The High Court  accepted\tthat<br \/>\n\tposition  and  acted upon it.\tThe High  Court\t issued\t the<br \/>\n\tadvertisements.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    The attitude of the High Court has been peculiar.\tWhen<br \/>\n\tthe  High  Court decided to ask for fresh  applications\t the<br \/>\n\tHigh  Court  accepted the position that the original  recom-<br \/>\n\tmendations  which had been made by the High Court  were\t not<br \/>\n\taccepted  by  the State Government and yet  the\t High  Court<br \/>\n\tsupported before this Court the appellant&#8217;s case by pleading<br \/>\n\tfor  the &#8220;candidature&#8221; of the appellants.   The\t High  Court<br \/>\n\tshould\tnot take a partisan view by supporting the  candida-<br \/>\n\tture  of  any person.  We were a little surprised  that\t the<br \/>\n\tHigh  Court supported the appellants.\tThis is\t not  proper<br \/>\n\tparticularly  when  the High Court dismissed the writ  peti-<br \/>\n\ttions of the appellants.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    For\t the  foregoing reasons the appeals  are  dismissed.<br \/>\n\tThere will be no order as to costs.\n<\/p>\n<pre>\tM.R.\t\t\t\t\t     Appeals\tdis-\n\tmissed.\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">\t365<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Mani Subrat Jain Etc vs State Of Haryana And Ors on 9 December, 1976 Equivalent citations: 1977 AIR 276, 1976 SCR (2) 361 Author: A Ray Bench: Ray, A.N. (Cj) PETITIONER: MANI SUBRAT JAIN ETC. Vs. RESPONDENT: STATE OF HARYANA AND ORS. DATE OF JUDGMENT09\/12\/1976 BENCH: RAY, A.N. (CJ) BENCH: RAY, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-139506","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mani Subrat Jain Etc vs State Of Haryana And Ors on 9 December, 1976 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/mani-subrat-jain-etc-vs-state-of-haryana-and-ors-on-9-december-1976\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mani Subrat Jain Etc vs State Of Haryana And Ors on 9 December, 1976 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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