{"id":141835,"date":"1977-03-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1977-03-22T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/teg-singh-and-others-vs-charan-singh-and-another-on-23-march-1977"},"modified":"2015-04-03T06:00:29","modified_gmt":"2015-04-03T00:30:29","slug":"teg-singh-and-others-vs-charan-singh-and-another-on-23-march-1977","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/teg-singh-and-others-vs-charan-singh-and-another-on-23-march-1977","title":{"rendered":"Teg Singh And Others vs Charan Singh And Another on 23 March, 1977"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Teg Singh And Others vs Charan Singh And Another on 23 March, 1977<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1977 AIR 1699, \t\t  1977 SCR  (3) 365<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: Y Chandrachud<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Chandrachud, Y.V.<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nTEG SINGH AND OTHERS\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nCHARAN SINGH AND ANOTHER\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT23\/03\/1977\n\nBENCH:\nCHANDRACHUD, Y.V.\nBENCH:\nCHANDRACHUD, Y.V.\nGOSWAMI, P.K.\nSHINGAL, P.N.\n\nCITATION:\n 1977 AIR 1699\t\t  1977 SCR  (3) 365\n 1977 SCC  (2) 732\n\n\nACT:\n\t(i)  Punjab  Customs (Power to contest) Act, 1920  S.  7  as\n\tamended\t by s. 3  of the Punjab Customs (Power\tto  contest)\n\tAmendment   Act\t (Act  12)  1973--Construction\tand   effect\n\tof--(ii)  Punjab  Limitation (Custom) Act, 1 of 1920,  S.  8\n\tscope of.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\t    S. 7 of the Punjab Customs (Power to Contest) Act,\t1920\n\tprovided  that\tno person shall contest\t any  alienation  of\n\tnon-ancestral  immovable  property on the ground  that\tsuch\n\talienation is contrary to custom.  S. 3 of the Amendment Act\n\t12  of 1973 amended s. 7 with the .result that no  challenge\n\tcould  be made to the alienation of any immovable  property,\n\twhether ancestral or non-ancestral, on the ground that it is\n\tcontrary to custom.\n\t    A  gift-deed  was  executed by one Mula,  in  favour  of\n\tappellant No. 13 Bhagwati Deyi, on December 3, 1964.  Appel-\n\tlants 1 to 12 claiming to be potential reversioners obtained\n\ta decree on May 31,  1966 in a suit flied against the  donor\n\tand  the donee for a declaration that under the Punjab\tCus-\n\ttoms (Power to Contest) Act Z of 1920 the gift-deed was\t not\n\tbinding\t on them and that decree was confirmed in appeal  on\n\tOctober\t 16, 1967.  On July 10, 1966, Mula adopted  the\t re-\n\tspondent.   On March 11, 1970 appellant No. 13\texecuted  in\n\tfavour\tof  appellants 1 to 12,, a lease in respect  of\t the\n\tproperty  which\t was the subject matter of the\tgift.\tMula\n\tdied  on August 23, 1971.  On December 13, 1971,  respondent\n\tfiled a suit for possession of certain properties  including\n\tthe property which Mula had gifted to appellant No. 13.\t The\n\tsuit  was decreed on January 20,  1971 and that\t decree\t was\n\tconfirmed  in  appeal  by the District Court  and  the\tHigh\n\tCourt.\n\t    In\tappeal by special leave., the  appellants  contended\n\t(i)  In decreeing the suit the Courts below had\t over-looked\n\tthe  relevant  provisions of the Punjab\t Customs  (Power  to\n\tContest) Amendment Act,\t 1973 by virtue of which the legali-\n\tty of the gift made by Mula to appellant No. 13 could not be\n\tcontested and (ii) since the respondent was not entitled  to\n\timpeach\t the  gift in favour of Bhagwati Devi,\thaving\tbeen\n\tadopted\t after the date of the gift, the decree obtained  by\n\tappellants 1 to 12 cannot enure for his benefit, under s.  8\n\tof the Punjab Limitation (Custom) Act, of 1920.\n\tDismissing the appeal, the Court--\n\t    HELD: (1 ) That a declaratory decree obtained under\t the\n\tPunjab\tCustoms (Power to Contest) Act by a  reversioner  to\n\tthe effect that an alienation would not bind them after the.\n\talienor's  death, had the effect of restoring  the  property\n\talienated  to the estate of the alienor and  therefore,\t all\n\tpersons\t who  are  heirs to the deceased  were\tentitled  to\n\tobtain possession of the alienated property. [367 E-F]\n\t    (ii)  The decree obtained by appellants 1 to 12  on\t May\n\t31,  1966 would enure for the benefit of all persons who are\n\tentitled  to a share in the property of the. deceased as  it\n\texisted\t at the moment of his death.  Since Mula's  property\n\tstood freed from the encumbrance of the, gift at the  moment\n\tof  his death, respondent as the adopted son  would  be\t en-\n\ttiled  to the  possession of the gifted property.   [367  H,\n\t368-A]\n\t    <a href=\"\/doc\/1305197\/\">Giani  Ram v. Ramji Lal<\/a> (1969) 3 SCR 944, relied on\t to;\n\tChand Singh v. bid Kaur (1974) 1 PLR 226 approved.\n\t    (iii) It is true that, if it became necessary after\t the\n\tamending Act of 1973 to contest the gift executed by Mula in\n\tfavour\tof  Bhagwati  Devi, s. 7 of the Act  of\t 1920  would\n\toperate\t as  a bar to such a contest.  But  in\tthe  instant\n\tcase,  the basis on which the respondent has asked  for\t the\n\trelief\tis  that upon the death of Mula in  1971,  the\tgift\n\tceased\tto  be operative by reason of the decree  passed  in\n\tsuit  No. 143\/1965.  He has not and indeed he need not\thave\n\tcontested  the validity of the gift-deed since the  question\n\twas decided finally in the aforesaid suit. [367 B-D]\n\t366\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>\tCIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 686 of 1976.<br \/>\n\t    (Appeal  by Special leave from the Judgment\t and   Order<br \/>\n\tdated  13-2-1976  of,the Punjab and Haryana  High  Court  in<br \/>\n\tR.S.A. No. 249 of 1976).\n<\/p>\n<p>\tP.P. Juneja, for the appellants.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tS.K. Mehta, K.R. Nagaraja and P.N. Puri, for respondent\t No.<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">\t1<\/span><br \/>\n\tThe Judgment of the Court was delivered by<br \/>\n\t    CHANDRACHUD,  J. (1) One Mula  executed   a\t  registered<br \/>\n\tgift  deed in favour of appellant No. 13, Bhagwati Devi,  on<br \/>\n\tDecember  3,  1964.  On April 29, 1965, appellants  1  to&#8217;12<br \/>\n\tclaiming to be potential reversioners filed Suit No. 143  of<br \/>\n\t1965 against the donor and the donee for a declaration\tthat<br \/>\n\tunder  the Punjab Custom (Power\t to Contest) Act, 1920,\t the<br \/>\n\tgift-deed was not binding on them.  The suit was decreed  by<br \/>\n\tthe  trial  court on May 31, 1966 and that decree  was\tcon-<br \/>\n\tfirmed in appeal on October 16, 1967.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    (2)\t In between, on July 10, 1966 Mula adopted  the\t re-<br \/>\n\tspondent.  On March 11, 1970, appellant No. 13\texecuted  in<br \/>\n\tfavour\tof  appellants\t1 to 12 a lease in  respect  of\t the<br \/>\n\tproperty  which was the subject matter of the.\tgift.\tMula<br \/>\n\tdied on August 28, 1971.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    (3) On December 13, 1971 respondent\t filed\tthe  present<br \/>\n\tsuit  against  the  appellants\tfor  possession\t of  certain<br \/>\n\tproperties  including the property which Mula had gifted  to<br \/>\n\tappellant  No. 13.  The suit was decreed by the trial  court<br \/>\n\ton  January 29, 1971 and the decree was confirmed in  appeal<br \/>\n\tby the District Court and the High Court.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    (4)\t On  June 3, 1976 appellants filed a  special  leave<br \/>\n\tpetition in this Court challenging the High Court  judgment.<br \/>\n\tThey  raised,  inter alia, a new contention (ground  No.  B)<br \/>\n\tthat in decreeing the suit, the courts below had  overlooked<br \/>\n\tthe  relevant  provisions of the Punjab\t Customs  (Power  to<br \/>\n\tContest).   Amendment  Act of 1973, by virtue of  which\t the<br \/>\n\tlegality of the gift made by Mula in favour of Bhagwati Devi<br \/>\n\tcould not be contested.\t On June 11, 1976 this Court granted<br \/>\n\tspecial\t leave\tto the appellants limited to  the  aforesaid<br \/>\n\tGround (B) of the special leave petition.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    (5)\t We  have  heard an interesting\t argument  from\t Mr.<br \/>\n\tJuneja, who appears on behalf of the appellants, as  regards<br \/>\n\tthe  true  construction\t and effect of\tthe  Punjab  Customs<br \/>\n\t(Power to Contest) Act, 1920, as amended in 1973, but we are<br \/>\n\tof  the\t opinion that the argument lacks basis\tand  cannot,<br \/>\n\ttherefore,  be\t accepted.  The\t contention,  sought  to  be<br \/>\n\traised for the first time by the learned counsel, is founded<br \/>\n\ton  the\t assumption that by reason of the Amendment  Act  of<br \/>\n\t1973, the gift-deed executed by Mula cannot be challenged by<br \/>\n\tthe  respondent.   The assumption on which the\targument  is<br \/>\n\tfounded is fallacious, because the respondent does not\tseek<br \/>\n\tby  his plaint, as indeed he need not have sought, to  chal-<br \/>\n\tlenge  the gift-deed executed by Mula in favour of  Bhagwati<br \/>\n\tDevi.  That gift was challenged by appellants 1<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">\t367<\/span><br \/>\n\tto 12 in Suit No. 143 of 1965, and they succeeded in obtain-<br \/>\n\ting a declaration in that suit that the gift was not binding<br \/>\n\ton  the\t reversioners. That decree became  final,  with\t the<br \/>\n\tresult\tthat  as  on August 28, 1971,  when  Mula-died,\t the<br \/>\n\tproperty which he had sought to gift away to Bhagwati  Devi,<br \/>\n\twas free from the encumbrance of the purported gift. By\t the<br \/>\n\tpresent\t suit, the respondent merely asks for possession  of<br \/>\n\tthe property in respect of which Mula had executed the\tdeed<br \/>\n\tof gift. The basis on which he has asked for that relief  is<br \/>\n\tthat  upon the death of Mula in 1971, the gift ceased to  be<br \/>\n\toperative by reason of the decree passed in Suit No. 143  of<br \/>\n\t1965.  It seems to us plain that he has not and he need\t not<br \/>\n\thave  contested\t the validity of the  gift-deed\t since\tthat<br \/>\n\tquestion was decided finally in the aforesaid suit.<br \/>\n\t    (6)\t Section 7 of the Punjab Custom\t .(Power   to\tCon-<br \/>\n\ttest)\tAct,  1920 provided initially that no  person  shall<br \/>\n\tcontest\t any alienation of non-ancestral immovable  property<br \/>\n\ton  the ground that such alienation is contrary\t to  custom.<br \/>\n\tThis  section  was  amended by s. 3 of\t the  Punjab  Custom<br \/>\n\t(Power to Contest) Amendment Act, 12 of 1973, as a result of<br \/>\n\twhich  no challenge could be made to the alienation  of\t any<br \/>\n\timmovable  property, whether ancestral or non-ancestral,  on<br \/>\n\tthe ground that it is contrary to custom.  It is, therefore,<br \/>\n\ttrue  that if it became necessary after the Amending Act  of<br \/>\n\t1973  to  contest  the gift executed by Mula  in  favour  of<br \/>\n\tBhagwati  Devi, s. 7 of the Act of 1920 would operate  as  a<br \/>\n\tbar to such a contest.\tHowever, as we have stated  earlier,<br \/>\n\tit  was\t not necessary for the respondent, in  view  of\t the<br \/>\n\tdecree passed in suit No. 143 of 1965, to contest the valid-<br \/>\n\tity of the gift.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    (7) The decision of this Court  in\t<a href=\"\/doc\/1305197\/\">Giani Ram  v.  Ramji<br \/>\n\tLal<\/a>(1)\tmay,  with advantage be referred to on\tthis  point.<br \/>\n\tUnder  the customary law of the Punjab, the wife and  daugh-<br \/>\n\tters  of  a holder of ancestral property could\tnot  sue  to<br \/>\n\tobtain\ta  declaration\tthat  the  allegation  of  ancestral<br \/>\n\tproperty  will not bind the reversioners after the death  of<br \/>\n\tthe  alienor. But the reversioner who was entitled to  chal-<br \/>\n\tlenge that alienation could obtain a declaratory decree that<br \/>\n\tthe  alienation\t will not bind the  reversioners  after\t the<br \/>\n\talienor&#8217;s  death.   It was held by this Court  that  such  a<br \/>\n\tdeclaratory decree had the effect of restoring the  property<br \/>\n\talienated  to  the estate of the alienor and  therefore\t all<br \/>\n\tpersons,  including  the wife and the daughters of  the\t de-<br \/>\n\tceased,\t were entitled to the benefit of  that\trestoration.<br \/>\n\tSince  the  property alienated had reverted to the estate of<br \/>\n\tthe alienor at the point of his death, the widow and  daugh-<br \/>\n\tters,  who also became heirs along with the sons  under\t the<br \/>\n\tHindu  Succession  Act, 1956 were held\tentitled  to  obtain<br \/>\n\tpossession of the ancestral property.  Mr. Juneja  attempted<br \/>\n\tto  get\t over the effect of this decision  by  invoking\t the<br \/>\n\tprovisions of s. 8 of the Punjab Limitation (Custom) Act,  1<br \/>\n\tof 1920, which provides that when a person obtains a  decree<br \/>\n\tdeclaring that an alienation of ancestral immovable property<br \/>\n\tis  not\t binding on him, according to.\tcustom,\t the  decree<br \/>\n\tshall  enure  for  the benefit of all  persons\tentitled  to<br \/>\n\timpeach\t the  alienation.   Counsel argues  that  since\t the<br \/>\n\trespondent was not entitled to impeach the gift in favour of<br \/>\n\tBhagwati  Devi,\t having been adopted after the date  of\t the<br \/>\n\tgift,  the  decree  obtained by appellants 1  to  12  cannot<br \/>\n\tensure for his benefit.\t The  short  answer<br \/>\n\t(1) [1969] (3) S.C.R. 944.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t9&#8212;436 SCI\/77<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">\t368<\/span><br \/>\n\tto  this contention is that the decree would ensure for\t the<br \/>\n\tbenefit\t of  all persons who are enitled to a share  in\t the<br \/>\n\tproperty of the deceased as it existed at the moment of\t his<br \/>\n\tdeath.\t Since Mula&#8217;s property stood freed from\t the  encum-<br \/>\n\tbrance of the gift at the moment of his death, respondent as<br \/>\n\tthe  adopted son would be entitled to the possession of\t the<br \/>\n\tgifted property.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t    (8)\t Another facet of the same question can be seen\t  in<br \/>\n\tChand  Singh v. Ind Kaur.(1)  A learned Single JUdge of\t the<br \/>\n\tPunjab\tand  Haryana High Court held therein that  though  a<br \/>\n\tsuit  to contest, under the customary law, an alienation  of<br \/>\n\timmovable  property may not lie after the coming into  force<br \/>\n\tof  the Amending Act of 1973, a declaratory  decree  already<br \/>\n\tobtained by a reversioner would continue to be operative  as<br \/>\n\tthe Amending Act does not render such a decree a nullity.<br \/>\n\t    (9) There is thus no substance in the contention  raised<br \/>\n\tby the appellants and their appeal must fail.  Appellants  1<br \/>\n\tto 12 shall pay the respondent&#8217;s &#8216;costs of the appeal.\n<\/p>\n<pre>\tS.R.\t\t\t   Appeal dismissed.\n\t(1) (1974) 1 P.L.R. 226.\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">\t369<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Teg Singh And Others vs Charan Singh And Another on 23 March, 1977 Equivalent citations: 1977 AIR 1699, 1977 SCR (3) 365 Author: Y Chandrachud Bench: Chandrachud, Y.V. PETITIONER: TEG SINGH AND OTHERS Vs. RESPONDENT: CHARAN SINGH AND ANOTHER DATE OF JUDGMENT23\/03\/1977 BENCH: CHANDRACHUD, Y.V. BENCH: CHANDRACHUD, Y.V. GOSWAMI, P.K. SHINGAL, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-141835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Teg Singh And Others vs Charan Singh And Another on 23 March, 1977 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/teg-singh-and-others-vs-charan-singh-and-another-on-23-march-1977\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Teg Singh And Others vs Charan Singh And Another on 23 March, 1977 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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