{"id":141886,"date":"1999-08-25T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1999-08-24T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/kapildeo-prasad-sah-ors-vs-state-of-bihar-ors-on-25-august-1999"},"modified":"2018-03-25T21:19:02","modified_gmt":"2018-03-25T15:49:02","slug":"kapildeo-prasad-sah-ors-vs-state-of-bihar-ors-on-25-august-1999","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/kapildeo-prasad-sah-ors-vs-state-of-bihar-ors-on-25-august-1999","title":{"rendered":"Kapildeo Prasad Sah &amp; Ors vs State Of Bihar &amp; Ors on 25 August, 1999"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Kapildeo Prasad Sah &amp; Ors vs State Of Bihar &amp; Ors on 25 August, 1999<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: D Wadhwa<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: D.P.Wadhwa, S.Saghir Ahmad.<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nKAPILDEO PRASAD SAH &amp; ORS.\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSTATE OF BIHAR &amp; ORS.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\t25\/08\/1999\n\nBENCH:\nD.P.Wadhwa, S.Saghir Ahmad.\n\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>D.P. Wadhwa, J.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tLeave granted.\n<\/p>\n<p>      On  refusal  of  the  Patna  High\t Court\tto  initiate<br \/>\nproceedings  for  contempt  against   the  respondents,\t the<br \/>\nappellants have come to this court.\n<\/p>\n<p>      The  appellants were working as Assistant Teachers  in<br \/>\ndifferent  elementary schools in Godda district in the State<br \/>\nof  Bihar.  They are in the category of untrained  teachers.<br \/>\nTheir  services\t were  terminated.   Some  of  the  teachers<br \/>\nsimilarly  placed  filed  writ petitions in the\t High  Court<br \/>\nagainst\t their termination and the matter ultimately reached<br \/>\nthis  Court.   It  is not necessary to go into\tthe  various<br \/>\nstages\tof the litigation except to note that this Court  by<br \/>\norder  dated November 30, 1992 in Birendra Kumar &amp; Ors.\t vs.<br \/>\nState of Bihar (CA 1 of 1992) directed as under :\n<\/p>\n<p>      &#8220;We,  therefore,\tdirect once again that if there\t are<br \/>\nvacancies  and\tif there are not trained teachers  available<br \/>\nthe  untrained\tteachers who were employed prior to the\t new<br \/>\nrule  came into operation, would be reinstated in service if<br \/>\nafter  subjecting  them\t to the selection process  they\t are<br \/>\nfound  suitable.   If there are no vacancies, they would  be<br \/>\nempanelled  according  to  their   seniority  and  would  be<br \/>\nappointed  according  to  their seniority in  the  vacancies<br \/>\narising\t in future.  Unless this panel is exhausted, no\t new<br \/>\nappointment of untrained teachers will be made from outside.<br \/>\nIt  is understood that those eligible for being so appointed<br \/>\nwill be the ones who were appointed before the new rule came<br \/>\ninto operation.\n<\/p>\n<p>      While  making the appointments of those who were so in<br \/>\nservice\t prior\tto  the\t date\tof  appointment,  the  State<br \/>\nGovernment will relax the age limit, if necessary.\n<\/p>\n<p>      We  are  informed that the appellants involved in\t the<br \/>\npresent\t case  were paid salaries till 30th June, 1991.\t  We<br \/>\nalso  understand  from\tMr.  B.B.  Singh,  learned  advocate<br \/>\nappearing  for\tthe State that all the vacancies  have\tbeen<br \/>\nfilled\tin  till 1.1.1992.  If there were vacancies and\t yet<br \/>\nthe appellants were not appointed in the said vacancies such<br \/>\nof  the appellants who were eligible to be appointed and yet<br \/>\nwere  not  appointed  in spite of the  vacancies,  would  be<br \/>\nentitled  to  the  salaries from 1st July, 1992\t till  their<br \/>\nappointment.   However,\t if there were no vacancies and\t all<br \/>\nthe  appellants or some of them have to be appointed in\t the<br \/>\nnew  vacancies\twhich may be available hereafter, they\twill<br \/>\nnot  be\t entitled to the salaries from 1st July, 1992,\ttill<br \/>\nthe  date  of  their appointment.  However,  when  they\t are<br \/>\nappointed  the period of break in service not exceeding\t one<br \/>\nyear  will  be taken into consideration for  benefits  other<br \/>\nthan salary.\n<\/p>\n<p>      The appeal is disposed of accordingly with no order as<br \/>\nto costs.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>      Appellants  and  some  other teachers  like  them\t got<br \/>\nsimilar\t orders from the High Court in their respective writ<br \/>\npetitions.  The main order passed by the High Court is dated<br \/>\nJanuary\t 20, 1993 in CWJC No.7000\/92.  In this judgment\t the<br \/>\nHigh  Court noticed the appointments made in some  districts<br \/>\nand  the number of existing vacancies.\tState had  contended<br \/>\nthat  only one regular vacancy existed when according to the<br \/>\npetitioners,  there  were  not less  than  2,000  vacancies.<br \/>\nCounter affidavit filed by the State did not indicate if all<br \/>\nthe 2,000 vacancies had been filled up.\t With the consent of<br \/>\nthe  counsel  for the petitioners and the  Advocate  General<br \/>\nthat these petitions may also be disposed of in the light of<br \/>\nthe  aforementioned direction of the Supreme Court the\tHigh<br \/>\nCourt  directed it accordingly.\t High Court said :  &#8220;We\t may<br \/>\nhowever,  direct the State to fill up posts in terms of\t the<br \/>\naforementioned\tdirection  of the Supreme Court with  utmost<br \/>\nexpedition and preferably within two months from the date of<br \/>\nreceipt of a copy of this order.&#8221; Similar orders were passed<br \/>\nin other writ petitions filed by untrained teachers as well.\n<\/p>\n<p>      Under the orders of the Supreme Court and those of the<br \/>\nHigh  Court which followed, the State Government was to fill<br \/>\nup  the\t existing  vacancies,  if  any,\t by  appointing\t the<br \/>\nappellants and other untrained teachers who were eligible to<br \/>\nbe  appointed against those vacancies and in case  vacancies<br \/>\ndid  exist  as on January 1, 1992 the teachers so  appointed<br \/>\nagainst\t those\tvacancies would be entitled to\tsalary\tfrom<br \/>\nJuly  1,  1992\ttill  their appointment.   This\t was  so  as<br \/>\nsalaries  had been disbursed up to June 30, 1991.  If  there<br \/>\nwere  no  vacancies,  these  untrained teachers\t had  to  be<br \/>\nappointed  in  the  new vacancies which might  be  available<br \/>\nthereafter and in that case they were not be entitled to the<br \/>\nsalary\t from  1st  July  1992\t till  the  date  of   their<br \/>\nappointment.\n<\/p>\n<p>      Appellants were appointed on October 4, 1994 pursuance<br \/>\nto the directions of the High Court on October 4, 1994 by an<br \/>\norder  issued  by the District Superintendent of  Education,<br \/>\nGodda.\t Appellants  are  receiving  their  salaries  w.e.f.<br \/>\nOctober\t 4,  1994.   They  claimed   that  it  was  case  of<br \/>\nreappointment  under the orders of the Court and that  since<br \/>\nthey  were  appointed  against vacancies existing  prior  to<br \/>\nJanuary\t 1, 1992, they were entitled to salary from July  1,<br \/>\n1992  till  October 3, 1994.  They made their claim for\t the<br \/>\narrears\t of salary and since there was no response from\t the<br \/>\nState  Government,  they  filed petition for  initiation  of<br \/>\ncontempt  proceedings  against\tthe  State as  well  as\t its<br \/>\nfunctionaries being the Director, Primary Education;  Deputy<br \/>\nCommissioner-cum-Chairman  of  the   District  Establishment<br \/>\nCommittee, Godda;  and District Superintendent of Education,<br \/>\nGodda  district.   Since it was the case of the\t respondents<br \/>\nthat  no vacancy existed in the Godda District as on January<br \/>\n1, 1992, High Court by the impugned order dated July 8, 1998<br \/>\ndismissed  the\tcontempt proceedings.  High Court said\tthat<br \/>\nthere was no violation of the order passed by the High Court<br \/>\nand  if\t the  appellants alleged that any direction  of\t the<br \/>\nSupreme\t Court\thad been violated, then it was not  for\t the<br \/>\nHigh Court to initiate any contempt proceedings.  Aggrieved,<br \/>\nappellants have come to this Court.\n<\/p>\n<p>      Here  again the stand of the respondent has been\tthat<br \/>\nthere has not been any violation of any order either of this<br \/>\nCourt  or  of  the High Court.\tThey are specific  in  their<br \/>\nstand  that  no available vacancy existed before January  1,<br \/>\n1992  and  as such the appellants were not entitled  to\t the<br \/>\narrears of salary.  Respondents have also contended that the<br \/>\norders appointing the appellants did not show that they were<br \/>\nappointed  against  any\t vacancy existed before\t January  1,<br \/>\n1992.\tAppellants have also not stated before us as to\t how<br \/>\nthey  claim that any vacancy existed as on January 1,  1992.<br \/>\nYet  they  state that there has been deliberate inaction  on<br \/>\nthe  part  of the respondents which showed that they had  no<br \/>\nregard\tand  respect  for  Court&#8217;s   orders  and  that\t the<br \/>\nrespondents  were  wilfully  and deliberately  flouting\t the<br \/>\norders and direction of the courts.\n<\/p>\n<p>      Once  the respondents take the stand that there was no<br \/>\nvacancy existing as on January 1, 1992 in the Godda District<br \/>\nand  in\t the  absence of any evidence to  the  contrary,  it<br \/>\ncannot\tbe  said  that the orders of the  courts  have\tbeen<br \/>\ncontravened.\n<\/p>\n<p>      For   holding  the  respondents\tto  have   committed<br \/>\ncontempt,  civil  contempt at that, it has to be shown\tthat<br \/>\nthere  has been wilful disobedience of the judgment or order<br \/>\nof  the\t court.\t  Power\t to punish for\tcontempt  is  to  be<br \/>\nresorted  to  when there is clear violation of\tthe  court&#8217;s<br \/>\norder.\tSince notice of contempt and punishment for contempt<br \/>\nis  of\tfar  reaching consequence, these  powers  should  be<br \/>\ninvoked only when a clear case of wilful disobedience of the<br \/>\ncourt&#8217;s\t order\thas been made out.  Whether disobedience  is<br \/>\nwilful\tin  a  particular  case depends\t on  the  facts\t and<br \/>\ncircumstances  of  that\t case.\tJudicial orders\t are  to  be<br \/>\nproperly  understood  and  complied.   Even  negligence\t and<br \/>\ncarelessness  can  amount to disobedience particularly\twhen<br \/>\nattention  of the person is drawn to the court&#8217;s orders\t and<br \/>\nits  implication.  Disobedience of court&#8217;s order strikes  at<br \/>\nthe  very  root\t of  rule  of law on  which  our  system  of<br \/>\ngovernance  is\tbased.\t Power\tto punish  for\tcontempt  is<br \/>\nnecessary for the maintenance of effective legal system.  It<br \/>\nis exercised to prevent perversion of the course of justice.\n<\/p>\n<p>      In  his  famous  passage,\t Lord  Diplock\tin  Attorney<br \/>\nGeneral\t vs.  Times Newspapers Ltd.  [(1973) 3 All.E.R.\t 54]<br \/>\nsaid  that  there  is also &#8220;an element of public  policy  in<br \/>\npunishing  civil  contempt, since administration of  justice<br \/>\nwould  be undermined if the order of any court of law  could<br \/>\nbe  disregarded with impunity&#8221;.\t Jurisdiction to punish\t for<br \/>\ncontempt  exists  to provide ultimate sanction\tagainst\t the<br \/>\nperson\twho refuses to comply with the order of the court or<br \/>\ndisregards  the order continuously.  Initiation of  contempt<br \/>\nproceedings  is\t not a substitute for execution\t proceedings<br \/>\nthough at times that purpose may also be achieved.\n<\/p>\n<p>      No  person  can  defy  court&#8217;s  order.   Wilful  would<br \/>\nexclude casual, accidental bonafide or unintentional acts or<br \/>\ngenuine\t inability to comply with the terms of the order.  A<br \/>\npetitioner who complains breach of court&#8217;s order must allege<br \/>\ndeliberate  or\tcontumacious  disobedience  of\tthe  court&#8217;s<br \/>\norder.\n<\/p>\n<p>      Nothing  has  been  shown\t that\tthe  claim  of\t the<br \/>\nrespondents  that appellants have not been appointed against<br \/>\nany  vacancy existing on January 1, 1992 is not true or that<br \/>\nthe  respondents are intentionally or deliberately advancing<br \/>\nthis  plea  to deprive the appellants of their right to\t the<br \/>\narrears\t of the salary for some ulterior motive.  That being<br \/>\nso,  it was not a case where proceedings for contempt  could<br \/>\nhave  been initiated against the respondents.  High Court is<br \/>\nright  in dismissing the contempt petition.  However,  since<br \/>\nthere  is  a serious dispute whether any vacancy existed  or<br \/>\nnot as on January 1, 1992 against which appellants or anyone<br \/>\nof them could have been appointed the matter certainly needs<br \/>\nexamination  but  perhaps  only by way of  an  interlocutory<br \/>\napplication in the writ petition and not by way of contempt.<br \/>\nThus,  though upholding the order of the High Court, we send<br \/>\nthe matter back to the High Court to go into the question if<br \/>\nany  vacancy existed as on January 1, 1992 and, if so,\tpass<br \/>\nappropriate orders.\n<\/p>\n<p>      With  these observations, this appeal stands  disposed<br \/>\nof.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Kapildeo Prasad Sah &amp; Ors vs State Of Bihar &amp; Ors on 25 August, 1999 Author: D Wadhwa Bench: D.P.Wadhwa, S.Saghir Ahmad. PETITIONER: KAPILDEO PRASAD SAH &amp; ORS. Vs. RESPONDENT: STATE OF BIHAR &amp; ORS. DATE OF JUDGMENT: 25\/08\/1999 BENCH: D.P.Wadhwa, S.Saghir Ahmad. JUDGMENT: D.P. Wadhwa, J. Leave granted. On refusal [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-141886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kapildeo Prasad Sah &amp; Ors vs State Of Bihar &amp; Ors on 25 August, 1999 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/kapildeo-prasad-sah-ors-vs-state-of-bihar-ors-on-25-august-1999\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kapildeo Prasad Sah &amp; 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