{"id":145250,"date":"2010-11-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-11-18T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010"},"modified":"2014-08-19T14:01:17","modified_gmt":"2014-08-19T08:31:17","slug":"muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010","title":{"rendered":"Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Madras High Court<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010<\/div>\n<pre>       \n\n  \n\n  \n\n \n \n BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT\n\nDATED: 19\/11\/2010\n\nCORAM\nTHE HONOURABLE Mr.JUSTICE K.CHANDRU\n\nW.P.(MD)No.9481 of 2010\n\nMuthukumara Pandian\n\t\t\t\t\t...\tPetitioner\n\nVs.\n\n1.The Chief Secretary to Government,\n  Tamil Nadu Government,\n  Secretariat Government Estate,\n  Chennai.\n\n2.The Principal Secretary to Government,\n  Commercial Taxes and Registration (M2) Department,\n  Tamil Nadu Government,\n  Secretariat Government Estate,\n  Chennai.\n\t\t\t\t \t...\tRespondents\n\nPrayer\n\nPetition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India praying\nfor the issuance of a Writ of Declaration, amending Sub Rule 2 of the Rule 7 of\nthe Tamil Nadu Document Writer's Licence Rule of 1982 effected in the\nG.O.Ms.No.49 dated 15.04.2010 as null and void and ultra vires.\n\n!For Petitioner  ... Mr.K.S.Durai Pandian\n^For Respondents ... Mr.R.Janakiramulu,Spl.G.P.\n\n:ORDER\n<\/pre>\n<p>\tThe petitioner has come forward to challenge the statutory amendment to<br \/>\nthe Tamil Nadu Document Writers&#8217; Licence Rule, 1982 made vide government order<br \/>\nin G.O.Ms.No.49 Commercial Taxes and Registration (M2) Department, dated<br \/>\n15.04.2010.  At present, the petitioner is having licence of the Document Typist<br \/>\nand assisting the existing document writers.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t2.The grievance of the petitioner was that by amendment made to Rule 7 of<br \/>\nthe Tamil Nadu Document Writer&#8217;s Licence Rule, 1982, a fresh qualification has<br \/>\nbeen introduced by the Government.  The amendment has found in paragraph 5 of<br \/>\nthe impugned G.O. reads as follows:\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;(5) in rule 7, &#8211;\n<\/p>\n<p>(i)in sub-rule (1), for the expression &#8220;eighteen years of age&#8221;, the expression<br \/>\n&#8220;twenty five years of age&#8221; shall be substituted;\n<\/p>\n<p>(ii)in sub-rule (2),-\n<\/p>\n<p>\t(a)for the expression &#8220;Document Writers&#8217; Licensing Test unless he has<br \/>\npassed the (S.S.L.C., Examination) or its equivalent examination&#8221;, the following<br \/>\nshall be substituted, namely:-\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Document Writer&#8217;s Licence Test unless he possesses the following<br \/>\nqualifications, namely:-\n<\/p>\n<p>(1)A degree from a recognized University;\n<\/p>\n<p>(2)Typewriting either by lower or higher grade both in Tamil and English:<br \/>\n\tProvided that a diploma in Computer Application shall be an additional<br \/>\nqualification:\n<\/p>\n<p>\tProvided further that the above qualification shall not apply to the<br \/>\nlicensees who have already been granted licence before the date of this<br \/>\nNotification, and in respect of renewal of licences by such licensees.&#8221;;\n<\/p>\n<p>(b)for the proviso, the following proviso shall be substituted, namely:-<br \/>\n\t&#8220;Provided also that the persons who desire to apply for a State Licence<br \/>\nshould possess an adequate knowledge of the official language of the State<br \/>\nnamely, Tamil&#8221;;&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>\t3.The further grievance of the petitioner was that he is having S.S.L.C.<br \/>\nand also having sufficient experience and by the introduction of the Degree<br \/>\nqualification, the petitioner will be denied the right to get Document Writers&#8217;<br \/>\nLicence.  Therefore, the Rule 7 is arbitrary and violative of Articles 14 and 21<br \/>\nof the Constitution, though wrongly typed as Article 21(a).  It is also the<br \/>\nclaim of the petitioner that even for the entry service to the Government<br \/>\ndepartment under Group IV, the prescribed qualification is only S.S.L.C.<br \/>\nTherefore, the government cannot prescribe a higher qualification for the<br \/>\nDocument Writers.  The contention of the petitioner cannot be countenanced for<br \/>\nvery many reasons.  The power to prescribe conditions for grant of licence is<br \/>\nprovided under the State amendment to the Registration Act 1908.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t4.Section 89-B of the amendment made by the State reads as follows:<br \/>\n&#8220;89-B.Power to make rules regulating the writing of documents.-The State<br \/>\nGovernment may make rules providing for the grant of licences to document<br \/>\nwriters, the terms and conditions subject to which and the authority by whom<br \/>\nsuch licences shall be granted, the circumstances under which such licences may<br \/>\nbe revoked, and generally for all purposes connected with the writing of<br \/>\ndocuments to be presented for registration.-Tamil Nadu Act 26 of 1981, S.2.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>\t5.It is pursuant to the said power, the government had made the Document<br \/>\nWriters&#8217; Licence Rule, 1982 and even in framing the Rules, the government had<br \/>\ntaken care to protect the existing Document Licence Holders.  Therefore, the<br \/>\nRule will apply only to persons, who are applying for fresh licence.  While the<br \/>\npower of the government is drawn from Section 89-B of the Act, which included<br \/>\nprescription of terms and conditions for holding the licence, the State<br \/>\ngovernment is empowered to prescribe an educational qualification.  The<br \/>\npetitioner merely because having experience or he is already assisted the<br \/>\nDocument Writers cannot challenge the rule on any ground more so in terms of<br \/>\nArticles 14 and 21 of the Constitution.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t6.The very Rule itself indicates that it is only to grant licence to write<br \/>\ndocument for the purpose of registration.  Therefore, unless the petitioner<br \/>\nsatisfy the licence conditions, the petitioner cannot challenge the very power<br \/>\nof the government in framing the rule or the prescription of appropriate<br \/>\neducational qualification.  It is needless to state that many cases are being<br \/>\nfiled in Courts due clumsy language used in registered documents leading to many<br \/>\nlitigations in Courts.  Therefore, it is a policy of the government to prescribe<br \/>\na minimum educational qualification to licence a person in writing documents.<br \/>\nIt is not as if the petitioner cannot get a degree so as to qualify himself to<br \/>\nget such a licence.  Merely, because the petitioner possesses S.S.L.C. that does<br \/>\nnot mean the licence condition should be diluted to make the requirement of the<br \/>\npetitioner.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t7.Under these circumstances, there is no case made out and certainly there<br \/>\nis no violation of Articles 14 and 21 in framing the Rules.  This Court is not<br \/>\ninclined to entertain the Writ petition.  Hence, the Writ petition stands<br \/>\ndismissed. No costs.\n<\/p>\n<p>nbj<\/p>\n<p>To\n<\/p>\n<p>1.The Chief Secretary to Government,<br \/>\n  Tamil Nadu Government,<br \/>\n  Secretariat Government Estate, Chennai.\n<\/p>\n<p>2.The Principal Secretary to Government,<br \/>\n  Commercial Taxes and Registration (M2) Department,<br \/>\n  Tamil Nadu Government,<br \/>\n  Secretariat Government Estate, Chennai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Madras High Court Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010 BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT DATED: 19\/11\/2010 CORAM THE HONOURABLE Mr.JUSTICE K.CHANDRU W.P.(MD)No.9481 of 2010 Muthukumara Pandian &#8230; Petitioner Vs. 1.The Chief Secretary to Government, Tamil Nadu Government, Secretariat Government Estate, Chennai. 2.The Principal Secretary to Government, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-145250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-madras-high-court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2010-11-18T18:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2014-08-19T08:31:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legaliadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Legal_india\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\"},\"headline\":\"Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010\",\"datePublished\":\"2010-11-18T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2014-08-19T08:31:17+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010\"},\"wordCount\":835,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"High Court\",\"Madras High Court\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010\",\"name\":\"Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2010-11-18T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2014-08-19T08:31:17+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"name\":\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"description\":\"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"alternateName\":\"Legal India\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/LegalindiaCom\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Legal_india\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\",\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Legal India Admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/legaliadmin\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/author\\\/legal-india-admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","og_url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010","og_site_name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","article_published_time":"2010-11-18T18:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2014-08-19T08:31:17+00:00","og_image":[{"width":512,"height":512,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Legal India Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@legaliadmin","twitter_site":"@Legal_india","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Legal India Admin","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010"},"author":{"name":"Legal India Admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea"},"headline":"Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010","datePublished":"2010-11-18T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2014-08-19T08:31:17+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010"},"wordCount":835,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"articleSection":["High Court","Madras High Court"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010","name":"Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website"},"datePublished":"2010-11-18T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2014-08-19T08:31:17+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthukumara-pandian-vs-the-chief-secretary-to-government-on-19-november-2010#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Muthukumara Pandian vs The Chief Secretary To Government on 19 November, 2010"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","description":"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization","name":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","alternateName":"Legal India","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","https:\/\/x.com\/Legal_india"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea","name":"Legal India Admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Legal India Admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com","https:\/\/x.com\/legaliadmin"],"url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/author\/legal-india-admin"}]}},"modified_by":null,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145250","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=145250"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145250\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=145250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=145250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=145250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}