{"id":14948,"date":"1975-10-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1975-10-05T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-assam-anr-vs-j-n-roy-biswas-on-6-october-1975"},"modified":"2016-06-08T23:42:25","modified_gmt":"2016-06-08T18:12:25","slug":"state-of-assam-anr-vs-j-n-roy-biswas-on-6-october-1975","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-assam-anr-vs-j-n-roy-biswas-on-6-october-1975","title":{"rendered":"State Of Assam &amp; Anr vs J. N. Roy Biswas on 6 October, 1975"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">State Of Assam &amp; Anr vs J. N. Roy Biswas on 6 October, 1975<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1975 AIR 2277, \t\t  1976 SCR  (2) 128<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: V Krishnaiyer<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Krishnaiyer, V.R.<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nSTATE OF ASSAM &amp; ANR.\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nJ. N. ROY BISWAS\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT06\/10\/1975\n\nBENCH:\nKRISHNAIYER, V.R.\nBENCH:\nKRISHNAIYER, V.R.\nGUPTA, A.C.\n\nCITATION:\n 1975 AIR 2277\t\t  1976 SCR  (2) 128\n 1976 SCC  (1) 234\n CITATOR INFO :\n R\t    1976 SC2037\t (7)\n D\t    1979 SC1923\t (3)\n D\t    1985 SC1461\t (5)\n\n\nACT:\n     Service-Government servant\t exonerated and\t reoinstated\nafter enquiry- Reopening of enquiry If competent.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n     The respondent,  a Government  servant,  was  suspended\nfrom service  in 1960.\ton receipt  of the  findings of\t the\nInquiry\t officer,  a  show  cause  notice  was\tissued.\t The\nappointing authority  exonerated the  respondent but did not\nmake  a\t  reasoned  order.  Later,  however,  the  case\t WAS\nreopened. As  the de  novo recording  of evidence progressed\nthe respondent\tmoved the  High Court  contending that there\nwas no\tpower in  the Government to re-open a case which had\nalready been  concluded by  exoneration and  re-instatement.\nThe High Court granted the relief .\n     Dismissing the appeal of the sate,\n^\n     HELD..  Had   the\tGovernment  servant  misappropriated\ngovernment money he should have been punished expeditiously.\nBut having been exculpated after enquiry, the State could go\nat him\tby re-opening  the proceedings\tonly  if  the  rules\nvested some  such revisory  power No rule of double jeopardy\nbars the reopening of the case. But once a disciplinary case\nhas closed  and\t the  official\tre-instated  the  government\ncannot restart the exercise in the absence of specific power\nto review  or revise  vested by rules in some authority. The\nbasics of the rule of law cannot be breached without a legal\nprovision or  other vitiating  factor  invalidating  earlier\nenquiry.\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>     CIVIL APPELLATE  JURISDICTION: Civil  Appeal No. 899 of<br \/>\n1968.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Appeal by\tspecial leave  from the\t judgment and  order<br \/>\ndated the 15th February, 1967 of the Assam and Nagaland High<br \/>\nCourt in C. Rule No. 231 of 1965.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Naunit Lal, for the appellants.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Sukumar Ghose, for the respondent.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The Judgment of the Court was delivered by<br \/>\n     KRISHNA  IYER,  J.-Was  this  virtually  valstudinarian<br \/>\nappeal by  the Sate  against an\t old and  perhaps,  by\tnow,<br \/>\nsuperannuated emyloyee\tnecessary? Litigation  by the  State<br \/>\nmeans laying  out public  resources, in\t a country  of\tmuch<br \/>\npoverty and  scarce resources,\tand only  if  the  demanding<br \/>\njustice of  a case  calls for it should an appeal, otherwise<br \/>\nof inconsequence,  be carried  to the  highest Court. In the<br \/>\npresent instance,  a veterinary\t assistant,  the  respondent<br \/>\nherein, was  suspended\tin  1960  followed  by\tdisciplinary<br \/>\nproceedings. An\t enquiry officer,  appointed by the Director<br \/>\nof Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department, conducted the<br \/>\nproceedings, submitted his report of findings adverse to the<br \/>\nrespondent, whereupon  a show  cause notice  indicating\t the<br \/>\npenalty of  dismissal was  issued. The\t&#8216;delinquent&#8217; pleaded<br \/>\ninnocence by  his explanatory statement and the Director, on<br \/>\na study of the case in the light of the explanation offered,<br \/>\ndirected reinstatement in a cryptic order which runs thus:\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">129<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\t\tORDER No. 81 DATED 11-12-62<br \/>\n\t  Shri J.  N. Roy  Biswas, Manager,  East  Harinagar<br \/>\n     Live  stock   Farm\t (Cachar)   who\t was   placed  under<br \/>\n     suspension vide  this office  order No. 42 dated 23-12-<br \/>\n     60, is re-instated in the same post of Manager, at East<br \/>\n     Harinagar Livestock  Farm with effect from the date the<br \/>\n     reports for duty.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t\t\t\t\t   Sd\/- G. K. Mehra,<br \/>\n\t\t\tDirector of Animal Husbandry &amp; Vety.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\tDepartment, Assam, Gauhati.&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t  Memo No. PI-918\/26822 Dated Gauhati, the 13th Dec.<br \/>\n     &#8217;62. Copy forwarded to:-\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t  1. Shri  J. N. Roy Biswas, Manager, East Harinagar<br \/>\n     Livestock\tFarm   (under  suspension)  C\/o\t Brahmachari<br \/>\n     Maharaj  Shri  Dawarikanath,  Ramkrishna  Seva  Samity,<br \/>\n     Chatribari,  Gauhati,  for\t information  and  necessary<br \/>\n     action. The  findings and orders of the proceeding will<br \/>\n     follow.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t  2 , . . . . .\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">\t  3<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\t  The  findings\t  and  orders\ttogether  with\t the<br \/>\n     regularisation of\tthe period  of suspension of Shri J.<br \/>\n     N. Roy  Biswas with  effect from  5-1-61 to the date of<br \/>\n     his reporting for duty at East Harinagar Livestock Farm<br \/>\n     will be communicated separately. The date of joining of<br \/>\n     Shri Biswas may be in formed to this office separately.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t\t\t\t\t      Sd\/- B. K. Das<br \/>\n\t\t\t  for Director of Animal Hy. &amp; Vety.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     lt\t is   noteworthy  that\tno  reasoned  findings\twere<br \/>\nrecorded. That\tparticular officer retired and his successor<br \/>\nwrote to  the Joint  Secretary to  Government that  from the<br \/>\nmaterials of  the case the &#8216;delinquent&#8217; r merited punishment<br \/>\nand the\t proceedings be re-opened. This was done  and as the<br \/>\nde novo\t recording of  evidence\t progressed  the  respondent<br \/>\nmoved  the   High  Court  under\t Art.  226  for\t a  writ  of<br \/>\nprohibition as, in his submission, there was no power to re-<br \/>\nopen a\tcase concluded\tby exoneration and reinstatement and<br \/>\nthe illegal vexation of a second enquiry should be arrested.<br \/>\nThis grievance was held good by the High Court which granted<br \/>\nthe relief sought.\n<\/p>\n<p>     What is  the conspectus  of  circumstances\t ?  A  small<br \/>\nveterinary official, a long enquiry for mis-conduct, a final<br \/>\ndirection cancelling  suspension and  reinstating  him,\t the<br \/>\nlikelihood of the man having retired (15 years have gone by)<br \/>\nand nothing on record to substantiate any fatal infirmity in<br \/>\nthe  earlier   enquiry\tor   dereliction  of   duty  by\t the<br \/>\ndisciplinary authority\texcept that  a\treasoned  record  of<br \/>\nfindings was  to be forthcoming, but did not, because he had<br \/>\nretired in  the mean   while.  No action against the retired<br \/>\nDirector for  this alleged  omission was  felt justified and<br \/>\nperhaps was not warranted but with persistent<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">130<\/span><br \/>\nlitigative zeal\t Government has come in appeal to this Court<br \/>\nagainst\t the   petty  official.\t  Had\the   misappropriated<br \/>\nGovernment money he should have been punished expeditiously.<br \/>\nBut having been exculpated after enquiry, the State could go<br \/>\nat him\tby re-opening  the proceedings\tonly  if  the  rules<br \/>\nvested some such revisory power. None such has been shown to<br \/>\nexist although\tone  wonders  why  a  rule  vesting  such  a<br \/>\nresiduary power\t of a  supervisory nature to be exercised in<br \/>\nthe event  . of\t a subordinate\tdisciplinary  authority\t not<br \/>\nhaving handled a delinquent adequately or rightly is brought<br \/>\nto the attention of Government has not been made. No rule of<br \/>\ndouble jeopardy\t bars but  absence of  power  under  a\trule<br \/>\ninhibits a  second inquiry  by\tthe  Disciplinary  authority<br \/>\nafter the delinquent had once been absolved. The appeal must<br \/>\nfail and is dismissed with costs.\n<\/p>\n<p>     We may however make it clear that no government servant<br \/>\ncan urge  that if  for some  technical or other good ground,<br \/>\nprocedural or  other, the  first enquiry  or  punishment  or<br \/>\nexoneration is found bad in law that a second enquiry cannot<br \/>\nbe launched.  It can  be; but  once a  disciplinary case has<br \/>\nclosed and  the official  re-instated,\tpresumably  on\tfull<br \/>\nexoneration. a\tchagrined  Government  cannot  re-start\t the<br \/>\nexercise in  the absence  of specific  power  to  review  or<br \/>\nrevise, vested\tby rules  ill some  authority. The basics of<br \/>\nthe rule  of law  cannot be breached without legal provision<br \/>\nor other  vitiating factor invalidating the earlier enquiry.<br \/>\nFor the\t present, this is theoretical because no such deadly<br \/>\ndefect is apparent on the record.\n<\/p>\n<pre>P.B.R.\t\t\t\t       Appeal dismissed.\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">131<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India State Of Assam &amp; Anr vs J. N. Roy Biswas on 6 October, 1975 Equivalent citations: 1975 AIR 2277, 1976 SCR (2) 128 Author: V Krishnaiyer Bench: Krishnaiyer, V.R. PETITIONER: STATE OF ASSAM &amp; ANR. Vs. RESPONDENT: J. N. ROY BISWAS DATE OF JUDGMENT06\/10\/1975 BENCH: KRISHNAIYER, V.R. BENCH: KRISHNAIYER, V.R. GUPTA, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>State Of Assam &amp; Anr vs J. N. 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