{"id":150896,"date":"2009-12-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-12-13T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009"},"modified":"2017-01-07T21:57:15","modified_gmt":"2017-01-07T16:27:15","slug":"g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009","title":{"rendered":"G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009"},"content":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court<\/div>\n
G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009<\/div>\n
       \n\n  \n\n  \n\n \n \n  IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM\n\nCrl.Rev.Pet.No. 673 of 2002()\n\n\n1. G.GIREESH, T.C.21\/1890, KULATHUMKARA\n                      ...  Petitioner\n\n                        Vs\n\n\n\n1. N.BALAKRISHNAN NAIR, PROPRIETOR,\n                       ...       Respondent\n\n2. STATE OF KERALA, REPRESENTED BY THE\n\n                For Petitioner  :SRI.GOPAKUMAR R.THALIYAL\n\n                For Respondent  :SRI.V.R.GOPU\n\nThe Hon'ble MR. Justice P.Q.BARKATH ALI\n\n Dated :14\/12\/2009\n\n O R D E R\n                            P.Q. BARKATH ALI, J.\n\n                 ------------------------------------------------------\n\n                           CRL. R.P. 673 of 2002\n\n                 ------------------------------------------------------\n\n                       Dated: DECEMBER 14, 2009\n\n                                   ORDER\n<\/pre>\n
            The revision petitioner is the accused in C.C. No.150\/1997<\/p>\n
of Judicial First Class Magistrate Court-I, Thiruvananthapuram, and<\/p>\n
the   appellant    in    Crl.A.115\/1999           of     the         Sessions  Court,<\/p>\n
Thiruvananthapuram.           He was convicted               under sec.138 of the<\/p>\n
Negotiable Instruments Act and was sentenced to undergo simple<\/p>\n
imprisonment for six months and to pay a fine of Rs.1,50,000\/-, in<\/p>\n
default to undergo simple imprisonment for two months by the trial<\/p>\n
court.   Out of the fine amount, if realised, Rs.75,000\/- was ordered<\/p>\n
to be paid to the complainant as compensation.                      On appeal by the<\/p>\n
accused the lower appellate court                 confirmed his conviction, but<\/p>\n
modified the sentence to simple imprisonment for one month and to<\/p>\n
pay a compensation of Rs.75,000\/-. The accused has now come up in<\/p>\n
revision challenging his conviction and sentence.<\/p>\n
      2. The case of the complainant as testified by him as PW.1<\/p>\n
before the trial court and as detailed in the complaint is that the<\/p>\n
accused has availed a loan of Rs.75,000\/- from him on March 15,<\/p>\n
1997 promising to repay the amount and to discharge that liability<\/p>\n
the accused issued two cheques, original of Exts.P1 and P2, dated<\/p>\n
15.4.1997     and    25.4.1997         for     Rs.50,000\/-          and   Rs.25,000\/-<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.673\/02                   2<\/span><\/p>\n
respectively,  drawn on the     Allahabad Bank, Thiruvananthapuram,<\/p>\n
which, when presented for collection, was returned dishonoured for<\/p>\n
want of sufficiency of funds in the account of the revision petitioner in<\/p>\n
the bank and that in spite of the notice Ext.P4 dated June 16, 1997,<\/p>\n
the accused did not repay the amount, which is an offence punishable<\/p>\n
under sec.138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act.<\/p>\n
      3. The complaint was originally filed before the Chief Judicial<\/p>\n
Magistrate    Court, Thiruvananthapuram who       recorded the sworn<\/p>\n
statement of the complainant\/PW.1 and took cognizance of the case<\/p>\n
as C.C.348\/1997.      The case was later transferred to the trial court<\/p>\n
which re-filed it as C.C.150\/1997.\n<\/p>\n
      4. The accused on appearance before the trial court pleaded not<\/p>\n
guilty to the charge under sec.138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act.<\/p>\n
PWs.1 and 2 were examined and Exts.P1 to P10 were marked on the<\/p>\n
side of the complainant.    When questioned under sec.313 Cr.P.C. by<\/p>\n
the trial court, the accused denied the entire transaction.          No<\/p>\n
evidence was adduced on the side of the accused.<\/p>\n
      5.    The trial court on an appreciation of evidence found the<\/p>\n
revision petitioner guilty of the offence punishable under sec.138 of<\/p>\n
the Negotiable Instruments Act, convicted him thereunder and<\/p>\n
sentenced him as aforesaid.     On appeal by the accused, the lower<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.673\/02                     3<\/span><\/p>\n
appellate court confirmed his conviction, but modified the       sentence<\/p>\n
as aforesaid.     The accused has now come up in revision challenging<\/p>\n
his conviction and sentence.\n<\/p>\n
      6. Heard counsel for the revision petitioner and the revision 1st<\/p>\n
respondent.\n<\/p>\n
      7. The following points arise for consideration:-<\/p>\n
             I. Whether the conviction of the revision petitioner under<\/p>\n
             sec.138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act rendered by the<\/p>\n
             trial court which is confirmed inn appeal can be sustained?<\/p>\n
             II. Whether the sentence imposed is excessive or unduly<\/p>\n
             harsh?\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Point No.I<\/p>\n
      8.      PWs.1 and 2 were examined and Exts.P1 to P10 were<\/p>\n
marked on the side of the complainant before the trial court to prove<\/p>\n
the guilt of the accused.    PW.1, the de facto complainant, testified in<\/p>\n
terms of the complaint.      Nothing was brought out during his cross-<\/p>\n
examination to disprove his case.       Further his evidence is supported<\/p>\n
by PW.2, the Bank Manager, and Exts.P1 to P10.\n<\/p>\n
      9. When questioned under sec.313 Cr.P.C. by the trial court, the<\/p>\n
case of the accused was that the cheque Ext.P1 was issued only as<\/p>\n
security and that therefore the complaint is not maintainable.      There<\/p>\n
is no substance in the above contention.      No evidence is adduced on<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.673\/02                   4<\/span><\/p>\n
the side of the accused to prove his case. It was also contended by<\/p>\n
the accused that the accused has already repaid the amount covered<\/p>\n
by Exts.P1 and P2. But no documents were produced by him to prove<\/p>\n
the same.\n<\/p>\n
      10.     For all these reasons I am inclined to hold that the trial<\/p>\n
court as well as the lower appellate court is perfectly justified in<\/p>\n
accepting the evidence of the complainant\/PW.1 and coming to the<\/p>\n
conclusion that the accused      has committed an offence punishable<\/p>\n
under sec.138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act.    I find no reason to<\/p>\n
come to a different conclusion.\n<\/p>\n
Point No.II<\/p>\n
      11. As regards the sentence, the trial court imposed a sentence<\/p>\n
of simple imprisonment for six months and to pay a fine of<\/p>\n
Rs.1,50,000\/- which is modified in appeal to simple imprisonment for<\/p>\n
one month and to pay a compensation of Rs.75,000\/-.             As the<\/p>\n
transaction is of the year 1997,        I feel that a sentence       of<\/p>\n
imprisonment till the rising of court and    a fine of Rs.90,000\/-, in<\/p>\n
default to undergo simple imprisonment for three months, would meet<\/p>\n
the ends of justice.\n<\/p>\n
      In the result, the revision petition is allowed in part.     The<\/p>\n
conviction of the revision petitioner under sec.138 of the Negotiable<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.673\/02                   5<\/span><\/p>\n
Instruments Act is confirmed.      But the sentence is modified to the<\/p>\n
effect that he is sentenced to undergo imprisonment till the rising of<\/p>\n
court and to pay a fine of Rs.90,000\/-, in default to undergo simple<\/p>\n
imprisonment for three months.      His bail bonds are cancelled. Two<\/p>\n
months time is granted for payment of fine. The fine amount, if<\/p>\n
realised, shall be paid to PW.1\/the complainant as compensation as<\/p>\n
provided under sec.357(1) of Cr.P.C.               The accused\/revision<\/p>\n
petitioner shall surrender before the trial court on 7.1.2010 to receive<\/p>\n
his sentence.\n<\/p>\n
                        CRL.M.P.4092 of 2002<\/p>\n
                              Dismissed.\n<\/p>\n
\n14.12.2009.                              P.Q. BARKATH ALI, JUDGE<\/p>\n
mt\/-<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009 IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM Crl.Rev.Pet.No. 673 of 2002() 1. G.GIREESH, T.C.21\/1890, KULATHUMKARA … Petitioner Vs 1. N.BALAKRISHNAN NAIR, PROPRIETOR, … Respondent 2. STATE OF KERALA, REPRESENTED BY THE For Petitioner :SRI.GOPAKUMAR R.THALIYAL For Respondent :SRI.V.R.GOPU The Hon’ble MR. Justice P.Q.BARKATH […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-150896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-kerala-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nG.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2009-12-13T18:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-01-07T16:27:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legaliadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Legal_india\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\"},\"headline\":\"G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-12-13T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-01-07T16:27:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009\"},\"wordCount\":946,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"High Court\",\"Kerala High Court\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009\",\"name\":\"G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2009-12-13T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-01-07T16:27:15+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"name\":\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"description\":\"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"alternateName\":\"Legal India\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/LegalindiaCom\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Legal_india\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\",\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Legal India Admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/legaliadmin\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/author\\\/legal-india-admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","og_url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009","og_site_name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","article_published_time":"2009-12-13T18:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2017-01-07T16:27:15+00:00","og_image":[{"width":512,"height":512,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Legal India Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@legaliadmin","twitter_site":"@Legal_india","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Legal India Admin","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009"},"author":{"name":"Legal India Admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea"},"headline":"G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009","datePublished":"2009-12-13T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2017-01-07T16:27:15+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009"},"wordCount":946,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"articleSection":["High Court","Kerala High Court"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009","name":"G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website"},"datePublished":"2009-12-13T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2017-01-07T16:27:15+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/g-gireesh-vs-n-balakrishnan-nair-on-14-december-2009#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"G.Gireesh vs N.Balakrishnan Nair on 14 December, 2009"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","description":"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization","name":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","alternateName":"Legal India","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","https:\/\/x.com\/Legal_india"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea","name":"Legal India Admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Legal India Admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com","https:\/\/x.com\/legaliadmin"],"url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/author\/legal-india-admin"}]}},"modified_by":null,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150896","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=150896"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150896\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=150896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=150896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=150896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}