{"id":155919,"date":"2008-06-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-06-10T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2"},"modified":"2019-02-09T06:35:01","modified_gmt":"2019-02-09T01:05:01","slug":"state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2","title":{"rendered":"State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Kerala High Court<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008<\/div>\n<pre>       \n\n  \n\n  \n\n \n \n  IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM\n\nWA.No. 671 of 2008()\n\n\n1. STATE OF KERALA  REPRESENTED BY THE\n                      ...  Petitioner\n2. THE COMMANDANT, KERALA ARMED POLICE\n3. THE SUPERINENDENT OF POLICE, KANNUR\n4. DIRECTOR OF GENERAL OF POLICE,\n\n                        Vs\n\n\n\n1. PREMAVALSALAN\n                       ...       Respondent\n\n2. PRADEEPAN, DRIVER HC 4049 AR CAMP KANNUR\n\n3. JOSEPH.K.T.\n\n4. PAVITHRAN.D.K.\n\n5. PUSHPAJAKSHAN,\n\n6. SASIDHARNA,\n\n7. ABDUL RAF NISTAR,\n\n8. RAVEEVAN.C.P.\n\n9. BABURAJ.K.P.\n\n                For Petitioner  :GOVERNMENT PLEADER\n\n                For Respondent  : No Appearance\n\nThe Hon'ble MR. Justice J.B.KOSHY\nThe Hon'ble MR. Justice P.N.RAVINDRAN\n\n Dated :11\/06\/2008\n\n O R D E R\n                J.B.Koshy &amp; P.N.Ravindran, JJ.\n               =====================\n                 W.A.Nos.671 &amp; 1053 of 2008\n               =====================\n           Dated this the 11th day of June, 2008.\n                           JUDGMENT\n<\/pre>\n<p>Koshy,J.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The writ petitioners in these cases are working as Police<\/p>\n<p>Drivers (Head Constables) in the armed reserve camp, Kannur.<\/p>\n<p>By Ext.P5 order, the Government excluded the training period<\/p>\n<p>from the service.     The learned single Judge based on an<\/p>\n<p>executive order dated 23.4.2003 issued by the Director General<\/p>\n<p>of Police set aside Ext.P5. The executive order dated 23.4.2004<\/p>\n<p>reads as follows:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>           &#8220;In the above circumstances the period of<\/p>\n<p>     inservice training (imparted soon after recruitment)<\/p>\n<p>     will have to be counted as &#8216;Service&#8217; for all purposes<\/p>\n<p>     (except for probation). Therefore it is now clarified<\/p>\n<p>     that the period of training of directly recruited drivers<\/p>\n<p>     will be counted for the purpose of increment and<\/p>\n<p>     higher grade.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>           Cases of those Drivers whose increments and<\/p>\n<p>     higher grades were revised in accordance with PHQ<\/p>\n<p>     letter dated 8.5.2000 (referred 2nd above) will be<\/p>\n<p>     refixed as ordered above.      Meanwhile the Govt. is<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">WA 671\/08                     -: 2 :-<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      being addressed to amend para 8 of the Rules in<\/p>\n<p>      respect of probation.&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Relying on that, the learned single Judge held that the service<\/p>\n<p>training undergone should be treated as part of the service.<\/p>\n<p>      2. The Government filed this appeal.        In the appeal<\/p>\n<p>memorandum, the Government relied on the decision of a<\/p>\n<p>Division Bench of this Court in <a href=\"\/doc\/1099796\/\">State of Kerala and others v.<\/p>\n<p>Thirumeni M.S. and others<\/a> 2007 ILR (4) Kerala 374. That<\/p>\n<p>judgment was mainly on the question of time bar. Secondly it<\/p>\n<p>was relating to Police Constables.    Even in the case of Police<\/p>\n<p>personnel a Division Bench of this Court in Lekshmanan v.<\/p>\n<p>State of Kerala &#8211; 1995(1) K.L.T. 115 found that inservice<\/p>\n<p>training rendered is to be taken as service.      In appeal, the<\/p>\n<p>Hon&#8217;ble Supreme Court accepted the above position in Civil<\/p>\n<p>Appeal No.2018 of 2000.       The Supreme Court observed as<\/p>\n<p>follows:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>           &#8220;The High Court has consistently taken the view<\/p>\n<p>      that the period of training undergone by the<\/p>\n<p>      respondent should be treated     as period spent on<\/p>\n<p>      duty for the purpose of scale of pay, increments and<\/p>\n<p>      other consequential   benefits.     This view was<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">WA 671\/08                        -: 3 :-<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      expressed by the High Court in the case of<\/p>\n<p>      <a href=\"\/doc\/212777\/\">Lakshmanan v. State of Kerala<\/a> &#8211; 1995 (1) KLT 115<\/p>\n<p>      and that decision in turn follows other decisions in<\/p>\n<p>      <a href=\"\/doc\/1531204\/\">Louis v. Kerala Public Service Commission<\/a> &#8211;<\/p>\n<p>      1965 KLT 1282 and <a href=\"\/doc\/306487\/\">Haridasan v. State of Kerala<\/a> &#8211;<\/p>\n<p>      1987 (2) KLT 486. As this has been the consistent<\/p>\n<p>      view and the orders in those cases not having been<\/p>\n<p>      challenged before this court, we do not think that it is<\/p>\n<p>      a fit case for our interference under article 136 of the<\/p>\n<p>      Constitution. The appeal is, therefore, dismissed.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>The learned Government Pleader relied on the decision of the<\/p>\n<p>Division Bench in <a href=\"\/doc\/359360\/\">Nandanan T.V. v. Jyotish Kumar T.V. and<\/p>\n<p>others<\/a> &#8211; 2004 (2)ILR Kerala 161. In that case the period of<\/p>\n<p>training was not treated as duty as it was a pre-appointment<\/p>\n<p>training.\n<\/p>\n<p>      3. Rule 7 of the Special Rules in this case provides as<\/p>\n<p>follows:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>            &#8220;Training:- Every persons appointed under<\/p>\n<p>      these rules by direct recruitment, shall undergo<\/p>\n<p>      inservice training for a period of 6 months and every<\/p>\n<p>      persons other than Police Constable appointed under<\/p>\n<p>      these rules by transfer shall undergo inservice<\/p>\n<p>      training for a period of 3 months in the District<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">WA 671\/08                        -: 4 :-<\/span><\/p>\n<p>     Armed      Reserve\/Armed        Police  Battalions\/Police<\/p>\n<p>     Training College\/Police Training Schools .&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Therefore, the rule clearly states that the persons appointed shall<\/p>\n<p>undergo &#8216;inservice training&#8217; for a period of six months. Of course,<\/p>\n<p>Rule 8 provides that probation will start after training. But<\/p>\n<p>inservice training cannot be termed as pre-appointment training<\/p>\n<p>and therefore inservice training should be counted in the service.<\/p>\n<p>The learned Government Pleader also relied on a clarification<\/p>\n<p>issued by the Government on 14.12.2007.            By an executive<\/p>\n<p>order, rules cannot be changed. We are bound by the decision of<\/p>\n<p>the Apex Court on the same point.          Since the Special Rules<\/p>\n<p>specifically say that it is &#8216;inservice training&#8217;, the Government is<\/p>\n<p>bound to consider the training period of the writ petitioners as<\/p>\n<p>service for the purpose of granting benefits.<\/p>\n<p>     The Writ Appeals are dismissed.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>                                              J.B.Koshy,<br \/>\n                                              Judge.\n<\/p>\n<p>                                              P.N.Ravindran,<br \/>\n                                              Judge.\n<\/p>\n<p>ess 12\/6<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kerala High Court State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008 IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM WA.No. 671 of 2008() 1. STATE OF KERALA REPRESENTED BY THE &#8230; Petitioner 2. THE COMMANDANT, KERALA ARMED POLICE 3. THE SUPERINENDENT OF POLICE, KANNUR 4. DIRECTOR OF GENERAL OF POLICE, Vs [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-155919","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-kerala-high-court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2008-06-10T18:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-02-09T01:05:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legaliadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Legal_india\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\"},\"headline\":\"State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008\",\"datePublished\":\"2008-06-10T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-02-09T01:05:01+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2\"},\"wordCount\":682,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"High Court\",\"Kerala High Court\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2\",\"name\":\"State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2008-06-10T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-02-09T01:05:01+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"name\":\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"description\":\"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"alternateName\":\"Legal India\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/LegalindiaCom\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Legal_india\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\",\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Legal India Admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/legaliadmin\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/author\\\/legal-india-admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","og_url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2","og_site_name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","article_published_time":"2008-06-10T18:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2019-02-09T01:05:01+00:00","og_image":[{"width":512,"height":512,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Legal India Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@legaliadmin","twitter_site":"@Legal_india","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Legal India Admin","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2"},"author":{"name":"Legal India Admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea"},"headline":"State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008","datePublished":"2008-06-10T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2019-02-09T01:05:01+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2"},"wordCount":682,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"articleSection":["High Court","Kerala High Court"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2","name":"State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website"},"datePublished":"2008-06-10T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2019-02-09T01:05:01+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-kerala-represented-by-the-vs-premavalsalan-on-11-june-2008-2#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"State Of Kerala Represented By The vs Premavalsalan on 11 June, 2008"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","description":"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization","name":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","alternateName":"Legal India","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","https:\/\/x.com\/Legal_india"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea","name":"Legal India Admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Legal India Admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com","https:\/\/x.com\/legaliadmin"],"url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/author\/legal-india-admin"}]}},"modified_by":null,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/155919","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=155919"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/155919\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=155919"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=155919"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=155919"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}