{"id":159514,"date":"2007-08-24T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-08-23T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pramod-kumar-anr-vs-bihar-vyavasayik-sangharsh-on-24-august-2007"},"modified":"2018-12-05T09:03:53","modified_gmt":"2018-12-05T03:33:53","slug":"pramod-kumar-anr-vs-bihar-vyavasayik-sangharsh-on-24-august-2007","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pramod-kumar-anr-vs-bihar-vyavasayik-sangharsh-on-24-august-2007","title":{"rendered":"Pramod Kumar & Anr vs Bihar Vyavasayik Sangharsh … on 24 August, 2007"},"content":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n
Pramod Kumar & Anr vs Bihar Vyavasayik Sangharsh … on 24 August, 2007<\/div>\n
Author: . A Pasayat<\/div>\n
Bench: Dr. Arijit Pasayat, Altamas Kabir<\/div>\n
           CASE NO.:\nAppeal (civil)  3886-3887 of 2007\n\nPETITIONER:\nPramod Kumar & Anr\n\nRESPONDENT:\nBihar Vyavasayik Sangharsh Morcha & Ors\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT: 24\/08\/2007\n\nBENCH:\nDr. ARIJIT PASAYAT & ALTAMAS KABIR\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n
J U D G M E N T <\/p>\n
CIVIL  APPEAL NOS. 3886-3887           OF 2007
\n(Arising out of S.L.P. (C) Nos.191-192 of 2004) <\/p>\n
Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.\n<\/p>\n
1.\tLeave granted.\n<\/p>\n
2.\tChallenge in these appeals is to the order passed by a
\nDivision Bench of the Patna High Court giving certain
\ndirections in a Public Interest Litigation filed by the
\nrespondent no.1. The prayer in the writ petition was
\nessentially to direct the officials “to stop criminal events
\nagainst the shopkeepers, dealers, artisans and industrial and
\nindustrial units and labourers and industrial units and also to
\nstop their exploitation by the officers and police personnel.”\n<\/p>\n
3.\tThe basic grievance was that officials in the police
\ndepartment were continued at one particular station for long
\nperiod which is undesirable.  The High Court disposed of the
\nwrit petition inter-alia with the following directions and
\nobservations:\n<\/p>\n
(a)\tLet the Director General Police make out a list
\nof officers from the station House Officer up to
\nthe Additional Director General of Police, of
\nwhose who have remained in their station for
\nmore than four years. This dossier is to be
\nsupported with information from service record
\nas to which officer throughout their career has
\nremained at which station and for how long.
\nOfficers who have remained at one station for
\nover four years must see a posting out within
\nsix weeks from today.  These would be officers
\nbelow the rank of Inspector General of Police.
\nStaff below the SHOs who have remained at a
\nparticular station beyond three years will be
\nidentified by the District heads of police
\nconcerned and their movement will be
\nundertaken by the Director General of Police.
\n\t\tIt must be mentioned that the period of
\nfour years is set because in the normal course
\nof government service, transfers and postings
\nare made for officers if they have been at a
\nparticular posting for more than three years.
\nThis order obviously does not preclude the
\nDirector General of Police from making any
\ntransfers should an officer have been at a
\nposting for a lesser period, which is within
\nnormal administrative powers.\n<\/p>\n
(b)\tOn the monitoring of crime which the law
\nobliges the state to register the court suggests
\nthe following measure:-\n<\/p>\n
         \tThe State of Bihar will request the
\nNational Informatics Centre, Government of
\nIndia, State unit, to make out a blue print for
\nmonitoring the recording of a First Information
\nReport, whether it is registered as an FIR or an
\nentry in the General Diary.  Every such record
\nin continuation of the orders of the court dated
\n5 August, 2003 will be transmitted by the
\npolice stations concerned to the district police
\nofficer, whether the Superintendent of Police or
\nthe Senior Superintendent of Police.  This will
\ncreate a data-base at the district police
\nheadquarters.  A summary of the FIR or the
\nGeneral Diary containing the offences and the
\nperson’s name will be transmitted to the
\nDistrict Judgeships (District and Sessions
\nJudge). A periodical report, as the police
\nregulations so require, will also be given on the
\nprogress and action taken on a reported crime,
\nwhether it has culminated in a final report to
\nbe filed or a charge sheet to be filed before the
\nMagistrate concerned.\n<\/p>\n
If common name is occurring of an
\naccused in more than one district, this
\ninformation will be shared between the police
\nofficers who are heads of the districts
\nconcerned and intimated to the police
\nheadquarters and in terms of the order dated
\nAugust 5, 2003, as also to the district
\njudgeship.\n<\/p>\n
The National Informatics Centre (NIC) will
\nalso draw up a plan (reference orders of the
\nCourt dated August 5 and this order) how an
\nFIR may be recorded by computer by the
\nSP\/SSP\/CJM on the failure of the police
\nstation to record it, and to create a data base
\non crime and criminals in the State.
\nReport to be submitted by the NIC to the
\nDirector General of Police for due action on it
\nby the State Government, and the High Court
\nto be informed on the report and progress on
\nit.”\n<\/p>\n
4.\tLearned counsel for the appellants submitted that the
\ndirections are contrary to the statutory prescriptions i.e Rule
\n778 (vii) of the Bihar Police Manual. The averments in the writ
\npetition were extremely vague.  Not even one instance was
\ngiven to substantiate the prayer to direct officials to stop
\n“criminal events” and “exploitations”. The High Court instead
\nof dismissing the frivolous writ petition has given directions
\ntouching service conditions of large number of officials who
\nwere not even parties  not even in representative capacity.
\nDuring the course of hearing, learned counsel for the
\nrespondent-State brought to our notice the Bihar Police Act,
\n2007.  It appears that the Bihar Police Act, 2007 has been
\nenacted to give effect to the directions of this Court in
\nPrakash Singh and Ors. V. Union of India and Ors. (2006 (8)
\nSCC 1). Several provisions of the Act need to be noted.  They
\nread as follows:\n<\/p>\n
“Chapter III
\nSuperintendence and Administration of Police\n<\/p>\n
23.\tState Police Board
\n\tThe Government shall, within six months of
\nthe coming into force of this Act, establish a
\nState Police Board to exercise the functions
\nassigned to it under the provisions of this
\nChapter.\n<\/p>\n
24.\tComposition of the State Police Board
\n\t\tThe State Police Board shall consist of:\n<\/p>\n
(a)\tChief Secretary  Chair person\n<\/p>\n
(b)\tDirector General of Police  member and\n<\/p>\n
(c)\tSecretary in charge of the Home
\nDepartment – member-secretary.\n<\/p>\n
25.\tFunctions of the State Police Board
\n\tThe State Police Board shall perform the
\nfollowing functions:\n<\/p>\n
(a)\tframe broad policy guidelines for
\npromoting efficient, effective, responsive and
\naccountable policies, in accordance with the
\nlaw;\n<\/p>\n
(b) identify performance indicators to evaluate
\nthe functioning of the Police Service.  These
\nindicators shall, inter alia, include: operational
\nefficiency, public satisfaction, victim
\nsatisfaction vis-`-vis police investigation and
\nresponse, accountability, optimum utilization
\nof resources, and observance of human right
\nstandards; and\n<\/p>\n
(c) review and evaluate organizational
\nperformance of the Police Service in the State
\nas a whole as well as district-wise against
\nperformance indicators as identified and laid
\ndown and resources available with and
\nconstraints of the police.\n<\/p>\n
27.\tPowers and responsibilities of the Director
\nGeneral of Police
\n\tAs head of the State Police Service, it shall be
\nthe responsibility of the Director General of
\nPolice to:\n<\/p>\n
(a)\toperationalise the policies, the strategic
\nplan and the annual plan prepared by the
\nGovernment; and\n<\/p>\n
(b)\tadminister, control and supervise the
\nPolice Service to ensure its efficiency,
\neffectiveness, responsiveness and
\naccountability.\n<\/p>\n
30.\tTransfer & Postings\n<\/p>\n
(i)\tThe transfers and postings of the Police
\nofficers and personnel of Supervisory
\nranks shall be governed by the rules of
\nExecutive Business and such rules
\nframed by the Government from time to
\ntime.\n<\/p>\n
 (ii)\tThe officers shall ordinarily have a tenure
\nof two years.\n<\/p>\n
\tProvided that any such officer may be
\ntransferred from his post before the
\nexpiry of the tenure of two years
\nconsequent upon:\n<\/p>\n
(a)\tpromotion to a higher post; or\n<\/p>\n
(b)\tconviction, or charges having been
\nframed, by a court of law in a criminal
\noffence; or\n<\/p>\n
(c)\tincapacitation by physical or mental
\nillness or otherwise becoming unable to
\ndischarge his functions and duties; or\n<\/p>\n
(d)\tthe need to fill up a vacancy caused by
\npromotion, transfer, or retirement; or\n<\/p>\n
(e)\tany other administrative reasons, which
\nmay be in the interest of efficient
\ndischarge of duties.”\n<\/p>\n
5.\tChapter III relates to superintendence and
\nadministration of police.\n<\/p>\n
6.\tSection 10 of the Act deals with the transfer and posting
\nof certain ranks.  The same reads as follows:
\n\t“(1) The Police Officers ranging from the
\nrank of Inspector to Constable will be posted to
\na particular post within the jurisdiction of the
\nDistrict Superintendent of Police by the
\nDistrict Superintendent of Police. They will
\nhave a tenure of six years in a District, eight
\nyears in a Range and ten years in a Zone.
\nTransfers from one district to another within
\nthe Range will be done by a committee
\nconsisting of the Range DIG and the District
\nSuperintendents of Police of the Range.
\nTransfers from one Range to another Range
\nwill be made by a committee consisting of the
\nZonal IG and all the Range DIGs of the Zone.
\nTransfers from one Zone to another Zone will
\nbe made by a committee consisting of the
\nAdditional Director General of Police and all
\nthe Zonal IGs.\n<\/p>\n
(2)\tAn officer posted as a Station House
\nOfficer in a Police Station or as an officer-in-
\ncharge of a Police Circle or Sub-Division or as
\na Superintendent of Police of a district shall
\nhave a term of minimum two years:\n<\/p>\n
\tProvided that any such officer may be
\ntransferred from his post before the expiry of
\nthe tenure of two years or more consequent
\nupon:\n<\/p>\n
\t(a)\tpromotion to a higher post; or\n<\/p>\n
\t(b)\tconviction, or charges having been
\nframed, by a court of law in a criminal offence;
\nor\n<\/p>\n
\t(c)\tincapacitation by physical or mental
\nillness or otherwise becoming unable to
\ndischarge his functions and duties; or\n<\/p>\n
\t(d)\tthe need to fill up a vacancy caused
\nby promotion, transfer or retirement; or\n<\/p>\n
\t(e)\tany other administrative reasons,
\nwhich may be in the interest of efficient
\ndischarge of duties.”\n<\/p>\n
7.\tChapter V deals with effective investigation including use
\nof science and technology in investigation. Sections 36, 38, 42
\nand 45 read as follows:\n<\/p>\n
“36.\tCreation of Special Crime Investigations
\nUnits
\n\tThe Government may create, in crime prone
\nareas Special Crime Investigation units, each
\nheaded by an officer not below the state cadre
\nrank of Sub-Inspector of Police, with such
\nstrength of officers and staff as may be deemed
\nnecessary for investigating economic and
\nheinous crimes.  The personnel posted to this
\nunit shall not be diverted to any other duty,
\nexcept under very special circumstances with
\nthe written permission of the Director General
\nof Police.\n<\/p>\n
38.\tTenure of Posting in Special Crime
\nInvestigation Units
\n\tOfficers posted to Special Crime Investigation
\nUnits will normally have tenure of three years
\nafter which they will be rotated to law and
\norder and other assignments.\n<\/p>\n
42.\tPosting of officers and staff to the Special
\nInvestigation Cell
\n\tThe officers and staff to be posted to this Cell
\nshall also be selected and specially trained.\n<\/p>\n
45.\tSelection of officers for Crime Investigation
\nDepartment
\n\tThe officers posted to the Crime Investigation
\nDepartment will be selected on the basis of
\ntheir aptitude, professional competence,
\nexperience and integrity. They will undergo
\nappropriate training upon induction, and their
\nknowledge and skills will be upgraded from
\ntime to time through appropriate refresher and
\nspecialized courses.”\n<\/p>\n
8.\tIn Prakash Singh’s case (supra), it was held in para 31,
\nso far relevant, as follows:\n<\/p>\n
“Minimum tenure of IG of police and other
\nofficers
\n(3) Police officers on operational duties in the
\nfield like the Inspector General of Police in-
\ncharge Zone, Deputy Inspector General of
\nPolice in-charge Range, Superintendent of
\nPolice in-charge District and Station House
\nOfficer in-charge of a Police Station shall also
\nhave a prescribed minimum tenure of two
\nyears unless it is found necessary to remove
\nthem prematurely following disciplinary
\nproceedings against them or their conviction in
\na criminal offence or in a case of corruption or
\nif the incumbent is otherwise incapacitated
\nfrom discharging his responsibilities. This
\nwould be subject to promotion and retirement
\nof the officer.\n<\/p>\n
Separation of investigation
\n(4)\tthe investigating police shall be separated
\nfrom the law and order police to ensure
\nspeedier investigation, better expertise and
\nimproved rapport with the people.  It must,
\nhowever, be ensured that there is full
\ncoordination between the two wings.  The
\nseparation, to start with, may be effected in
\ntowns\/urban areas which have a population of
\nten lakhs or more, and gradually extended to
\nsmaller towns\/urban areas also.
\nPolice Establishment Board
\n(5)\tThere shall be a Police Establishment
\nBoard in each State which shall decide all
\ntransfers, postings, promotions and other
\nservice related matters of officers of and below
\nthe rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police.
\nThe Establishment Board shall be a
\ndepartmental body comprising the Director
\nGeneral of Police and four other senior officers
\nof the Department.  The State Government may
\ninterfere with the decision of the Board in
\nexceptional cases only after recording its
\nreasons for doing so.  The Board shall also be
\nauthorized to make appropriate
\nrecommendations to the State Government
\nregarding the postings and transfers of officers
\nof and above the rank of Superintendent of
\nPolice, and the Government is expected to give
\ndue weight to these recommendations and shall
\nnormally accept it.  It shall also function as a
\nforum of appeal for disposing of representations
\nfrom officers of the rank of Superintendent of
\nPolice and above regarding their
\npromotions\/transfers\/disciplinary proceedings
\nor their being subjected to illegal or irregular
\norders and generally reviewing the functioning
\nof the police in the State.”\n<\/p>\n
9.\tAbove being the position, the High Court’s directions are
\nno longer relevant.  The appeals are accordingly disposed of.
\nNo costs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India Pramod Kumar & Anr vs Bihar Vyavasayik Sangharsh … on 24 August, 2007 Author: . A Pasayat Bench: Dr. Arijit Pasayat, Altamas Kabir CASE NO.: Appeal (civil) 3886-3887 of 2007 PETITIONER: Pramod Kumar & Anr RESPONDENT: Bihar Vyavasayik Sangharsh Morcha & Ors DATE OF JUDGMENT: 24\/08\/2007 BENCH: Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT & […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-159514","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"\nPramod Kumar & Anr vs Bihar Vyavasayik Sangharsh ... on 24 August, 2007 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pramod-kumar-anr-vs-bihar-vyavasayik-sangharsh-on-24-august-2007\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pramod Kumar & Anr vs Bihar Vyavasayik Sangharsh ... on 24 August, 2007 - 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