{"id":162633,"date":"2009-03-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-03-22T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/kabal-singh-vs-usha-rani-and-others-on-23-march-2009"},"modified":"2016-01-29T04:30:16","modified_gmt":"2016-01-28T23:00:16","slug":"kabal-singh-vs-usha-rani-and-others-on-23-march-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/kabal-singh-vs-usha-rani-and-others-on-23-march-2009","title":{"rendered":"Kabal Singh vs Usha Rani And Others on 23 March, 2009"},"content":{"rendered":"
Punjab-Haryana High Court<\/div>\n
Kabal Singh vs Usha Rani And Others on 23 March, 2009<\/div>\n
R.S.A. No.4498 of 2004                   -1-\n\nIN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT\n              CHANDIGARH\n\n\n                                 R.S.A. No.4498 of 2004\n\n                                 Date of Decision : 23.03.2009\n\nKabal Singh\n\n                                                 ....Appellant\n              Versus\n\n\nUsha Rani and others\n\n                                                 ...Respondents\n\n\nCORAM : HON'BLE MR.JUSTICE MAHESH GROVER\n                  ....\n\nPresent : Mr. Vinish Singla, Advocate\n          for the appellant.\n\n          Mr. Vinod Khunger, Advocate\n          for the respondents.\n\n                         .....\n\nMAHESH GROVER, J.\n<\/pre>\n
            The plaintiff\/appellant is in regular second appeal<\/p>\n
assailing the findings of the first Appellate Court dated 20.2.2004. He<\/p>\n
had filed a suit for specific performance seeking to enforce two<\/p>\n
agreements to sell dated         18.1.1994 and    29.4.1994 purportedly<\/p>\n
executed by vendor Harbhajan Singh who died before the sale deeds<\/p>\n
could be executed. As per the agreement to sell dated 18.1.1994, the<\/p>\n
sale was to be concluded by 25.4.1994 and allegedly a sum of<\/p>\n
Rs.20,000\/- was paid by the appellant to the owner of the property,<\/p>\n
namely, Harbhajan Singh. Subsequently, another agreement to sell<\/p>\n
was executed on 29.4.1994 by which it is alleged by the appellant that
\n R.S.A. No.4498 of 2004                 -2-<\/span><\/p>\n
he paid a sum of Rs.80,000\/- to the vendor Harbhajan Singh and by<\/p>\n
virtue of this agreement to sell it was agreed that the sale was to be<\/p>\n
concluded on 25.4.1996. On 25.6.1995, Harbhajan Singh, who was<\/p>\n
not keeping well, died. The appellant thereafter approached the legal<\/p>\n
representatives of deceased Harbhajan Singh to execute the sale deeds<\/p>\n
and honour the agreements and a notice dated 7.5.1996 was issued by<\/p>\n
the appellant asking the legal representatives of deceased Harbhajan<\/p>\n
Singh to execute the sale deed on 23.5.1996. They replied to this<\/p>\n
notice but denied the agreements on 11.6.1996. To this also the<\/p>\n
appellant submitted a counter reply reiterating his version regarding<\/p>\n
the agreements to sell and execution of the sale deed.<\/p>\n
            The respondents denied the agreements as also the<\/p>\n
receipt of the amount by their predecessor-in-interest Harbhajan<\/p>\n
Singh.\n<\/p>\n
             The parties went to trial on the following issues :-<\/p>\n
             1. Whether Harbhajan Singh entered into an agreement<\/p>\n
                 to sell dated 18.1.1994 and 29.4.1994 regarding the<\/p>\n
                 shop in dispute in favour of plaintiff?OPP<\/p>\n
             2. Whether the plaintiff is entitled to the specific<\/p>\n
                 performance of the said agreement to sell?OPP<\/p>\n
             3. Whether the answering defendants are liable to<\/p>\n
                 execute the registered sale deed in favour of the<\/p>\n
                 plaintiff?OPP<\/p>\n
             4. Whether the said agreement is a result of fraud and<\/p>\n
                 has been forged and fabricated one?OPD<\/p>\n
             5. Relief.\n<\/p>\n
 R.S.A. No.4498 of 2004                  -3-<\/span><\/p>\n
              The learned trial Court concluded that the agreement<\/p>\n
dated 18.1.1994 was a valid agreement as the signatures of deceased<\/p>\n
Harbhajan Singh were proved. However, it concluded that the<\/p>\n
agreement dated 29.4.1994 was not proved at all and consequently<\/p>\n
decreed the suit of the plaintiff\/appellant partly by directing a refund<\/p>\n
of Rs.20,000\/-.\n<\/p>\n
             Both the parties were aggrieved by the findings of the<\/p>\n
learned trial Court and filed two separate appeals against the said<\/p>\n
judgment. The learned first Appellate Court concluded that both the<\/p>\n
agreements were forged and fabricated and dismissed the appeal of<\/p>\n
the    appellant     while     allowing       the    appeal     of    the<\/p>\n
defendants\/respondents.\n<\/p>\n
             This has resulted in the regular second appeal being filed<\/p>\n
by the plaintiff\/appellant who has contended that the first Appellate<\/p>\n
Court has committed an error by accepting the report of the hand-<\/p>\n
writing expert partly. It is the contention of the learned counsel for the<\/p>\n
appellant that either the report should have been accepted in toto or<\/p>\n
no reliance could have been placed on it by the first Appellate Court.<\/p>\n
It is further contended that the agreements have been proved by<\/p>\n
producing the attesting witnesses leaving no ambiguity in the same<\/p>\n
and consequently the first Appellate Court ought to have appreciated<\/p>\n
this fact and allowed the appeal of the plaintiff\/appellant. It is further<\/p>\n
contended that the findings recorded by the first Appellate Court are<\/p>\n
perverse, as it has relied on the notice dated 7.5.1996 and the reply<\/p>\n
dated 11.6.1996 as also the counter reply dated 19.6.1996 whereas<\/p>\n
these documents were never exhibited. On the strength of this it is
\n R.S.A. No.4498 of 2004                  -4-<\/span><\/p>\n
pleaded by the learned counsel for the appellant that the findings<\/p>\n
recorded by the first Appellate Court deserve to be set aside.<\/p>\n
             On the other hand, learned counsel for the respondents<\/p>\n
has contended that the appellant has failed to establish the validity of<\/p>\n
the agreements to sell and has also failed to establish that these were<\/p>\n
valid documents. It is further contended that in the plaint initially it<\/p>\n
was pleaded that the agreement was reduced into writing whereas in<\/p>\n
the notice reference to the agreement has been made to say that it was<\/p>\n
an oral agreement.     Even though amendment was sought by the<\/p>\n
plaintiff\/appellant in the plaint to effect a change in the pleadings to<\/p>\n
plead a written agreement instead of oral agreement, yet the notice<\/p>\n
still spoke on an oral agreement which plea was never withdrawn by<\/p>\n
the appellant. That apart, it was pleaded that there is ample evidence<\/p>\n
to show that the agreements are forged and fabricated as the names of<\/p>\n
the attesting witnesses as typed out in the agreements and the ones<\/p>\n
who have signed are at variance. Learned counsel for the respondents<\/p>\n
thus pleaded that the findings of the first Appellate Court are totally<\/p>\n
correct and do not warrant any interference.\n<\/p>\n
             I have heard the learned counsel for the parties and have<\/p>\n
gone through the impugned judgment as also the records.<\/p>\n
             The appellant has set up two agreements to sell dated<\/p>\n
18.1.1994 and 29.4.1994 which were purportedly executed by<\/p>\n
deceased Harbhajan Singh, the predecessor-in-interest of the<\/p>\n
defendants\/respondents. In a suit for specific performance, a person<\/p>\n
who approaches the Court for enforcement of an agreement to sell has<\/p>\n
necessarily to prove three essential ingredients : (i) that the agreement
\n R.S.A. No.4498 of 2004                 -5-<\/span><\/p>\n
to sell was validly executed; (ii) that there was passing of<\/p>\n
consideration which should be reflected in the agreement to sell; and<\/p>\n
(iii) willingness and readiness of the party concerned to perform his<\/p>\n
part of the agreement. If the aforesaid tests are to be applied to the<\/p>\n
facts of the case, it seems that the appellant has faltered in the very<\/p>\n
first hurdle itself. The agreements to sell have not been established as<\/p>\n
the hand-writing expert has pointed out to the variations in the<\/p>\n
signatures of testator Harbhajan Singh. The malice on the part of the<\/p>\n
appellant is also reflected from the fact that he initially pleaded that<\/p>\n
the agreements were oral but subsequently changed his plea by way of<\/p>\n
amendment to incorporate that the agreements were written. In the<\/p>\n
notice itself he pleads oral agreements. This when viewed with the<\/p>\n
ambiguity of the names of the attesting witnesses appearing on the<\/p>\n
alleged agreements shows that the agreements were not the bona fide<\/p>\n
documents. Ex.P1 reflects that it was attested by one Pamma Seth<\/p>\n
instead of Pawan Kumar whose name has been typed in written, while<\/p>\n
the name of Chiman Lal as his father has been added in ink. The other<\/p>\n
attesting witness of Ex.P1 is Sukhchain Singh whose name finds<\/p>\n
mentioned but in the reply dated 19.6.1996, which is the counter reply<\/p>\n
and is on record, name of Surjit Singh is mentioned. It is the<\/p>\n
contention of the learned counsel for the appellant that this document<\/p>\n
dated 19.6.1996 was never exhibited and could not be looked into,<\/p>\n
but the Court does not accept this contention for the reason that it<\/p>\n
was pleaded before the Court by the appellant that he had submitted<\/p>\n
counter reply to the reply submitted by the respondents to the notice<\/p>\n
issued by the appellant himself and in this counter reply dated
\n R.S.A. No.4498 of 2004                 -6-<\/span><\/p>\n
19.6.1996, which is placed on record, he himself submitted that it was<\/p>\n
Surjit Singh who attested the same as a witness. Once the appellant<\/p>\n
himself had pleaded a fact by submitting a counter reply, then the<\/p>\n
Court is not precluded from taking cognizance of it even if it is not<\/p>\n
exhibited in accordance with law. All these factors when taken<\/p>\n
cumulatively show that the document was not inspiring enough for<\/p>\n
the Court to accept and therefore it was rightly rejected by the first<\/p>\n
Appellate Court. In this view of the matter, when the agreements to<\/p>\n
sell have not been established, the other material particulars which are<\/p>\n
to be proved pale into insignificance. Learned counsel for the<\/p>\n
appellant has pleaded that he is in possession but it is not conceivable<\/p>\n
as to how he had entered the possession, as his whole case which was<\/p>\n
based on the agreements to sell, has been shattered for want of cogent<\/p>\n
evidence. Accordingly, this Court does not find any infirmity in the<\/p>\n
impugned judgment. Consequently, the appeal, which has not thrown<\/p>\n
up any substantial question of law and is directed against a pure<\/p>\n
question of fact, which has been determined by the first Appellate<\/p>\n
Court, does not warrant an interference and is hereby dismissed.<\/p>\n
23.3.2009                                    (MAHESH GROVER)\n                                                JUDGE\n\ndss\n <\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Punjab-Haryana High Court Kabal Singh vs Usha Rani And Others on 23 March, 2009 R.S.A. No.4498 of 2004 -1- IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH R.S.A. No.4498 of 2004 Date of Decision : 23.03.2009 Kabal Singh ….Appellant Versus Usha Rani and others …Respondents CORAM : HON’BLE MR.JUSTICE MAHESH GROVER …. Present […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-162633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-punjab-haryana-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nKabal Singh vs Usha Rani And Others on 23 March, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/kabal-singh-vs-usha-rani-and-others-on-23-march-2009\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kabal Singh vs Usha Rani And Others on 23 March, 2009 - 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