{"id":165142,"date":"1966-02-04T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1966-02-03T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-uttar-pradesh-vs-r-b-agarwal-on-4-february-1966"},"modified":"2015-03-30T18:55:50","modified_gmt":"2015-03-30T13:25:50","slug":"state-of-uttar-pradesh-vs-r-b-agarwal-on-4-february-1966","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-uttar-pradesh-vs-r-b-agarwal-on-4-february-1966","title":{"rendered":"State Of Uttar Pradesh vs R. B. Agarwal on 4 February, 1966"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">State Of Uttar Pradesh vs R. B. Agarwal on 4 February, 1966<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1966 AIR 1135, \t\t  1966 SCR  (3) 462<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: P Gajendragadkar<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Gajendragadkar, P.B. (Cj), Wanchoo, K.N., Shah, J.C., Sikri, S.M., Ramaswami, V.<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nSTATE OF UTTAR PRADESH\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nR. B. AGARWAL\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\n04\/02\/1966\n\nBENCH:\nGAJENDRAGADKAR, P.B. (CJ)\nBENCH:\nGAJENDRAGADKAR, P.B. (CJ)\nWANCHOO, K.N.\nSHAH, J.C.\nSIKRI, S.M.\nRAMASWAMI, V.\n\nCITATION:\n 1966 AIR 1135\t\t  1966 SCR  (3) 462\n\n\nACT:\nConstitution  of  India Art.  134(1)(c)-High  Court  acquits\nperson\tconvicted  by trial  court-State's  application\t for\ncertificate, if competent.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\nIf an accused person is convicted by the trial court and  on\nappeal\tto the High Court, his conviction is set  aside\t the\nState\tis  entitled  to  apply.  to  the  High\t Court\t for\ncertificate  under  Art. 134(1) (c).   Such  an\t application\ncannot\tbe  rejected  In limine on the\tground\tthat  it  is\nincompetent;  it  has to be entertained and  considered\t and\ndecided on the merits. [465 D]\nThe  relevant  words  in Art. 134(1)(c) are  wide  in  their\nsweep.\tThey authorise an application for a certificate from\nany  judgment,\tfinal  order,  or  sentence  in\t a  criminal\nproceeding of a High Court.\nThe sweep of the relevant words used in Art. 134(1)(c) being\nvery  wide,  it is not necessary to look  for  any  separate\nprovision  in the Constitution which would correspond to  s.\n417 code of Criminal Procedure. [464]\nObservations  contra  in S. Majumdar v. A.  Brahmachari\t and\nOthers,\t Cr.  A.  No. 21 of 1960, dt.  14-9-1964  and  <a href=\"\/doc\/288147\/\">State\nGovernment,  Madhya Pradesh v. Ramakrisna  Ganpatrao  Limsey\nand others A.I.R.<\/a> 1954 S.C. 20, disapproved.\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Criminal Appeal No. 178<br \/>\nof 1965.\n<\/p>\n<p>Appeal\tby special leave from the judgment and\torder  dated<br \/>\nAugust 26, 1965 of the Allahabad High Court (Lucknow  Bench)<br \/>\nat Lucknow in S. C. Appeal No. 85 of 1965.\n<\/p>\n<p>O.P. Rana, for the appellant.\n<\/p>\n<p>R.   K. Garg, for the respondent.\n<\/p>\n<p>The Judgment of the Court was delivered by<br \/>\nGajendragadkar,\t C. J. If an accused person is convicted  by<br \/>\nthe  trial  court,  but\t on appeal  to\tthe  High  Court  is<br \/>\nacquitted,  can\t the State move the High  Court\t under\tArt.<br \/>\n134(1)(c)  of  the Constitution for a certificate  that\t the<br \/>\ncase,  in  question is a fit one for appeal to\tthe  Supreme<br \/>\nCourt?\t That  is the short question which  arises  in\tthis<br \/>\nappeal by special leave.\n<\/p>\n<p>The  respondent R. B. Agarwal was committed to the  sessions<br \/>\nfor  trial by the Judicial Officer, Lucknow  under  sections<br \/>\n467 and 471 of the Indian Penal Code.  The learned Assistant<br \/>\nSessions Judge who tried his case, dropped the charge  under<br \/>\nsection\t 471,  but convicted the respondent  under  S.\t467,<br \/>\nI.P.C. and sentenced<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\"> 463<\/span><br \/>\nhim  to suffer rigorous imprisonment for five years  and  to<br \/>\npay  a:\t fine  of Rs. 10,000\/- and  in\tdefault\t to  undergo<br \/>\nfurther rigorous, imprisonment for a period of two years.<br \/>\nThe respondent challenged the. said order of conviction\t and<br \/>\nsentence  by preferring an appeal before the High  Court  of<br \/>\nJudicature  at\tAllahabad, Lucknow Bench.   The\t High  Court<br \/>\nallowed\t the  respondent&#8217;s appeal, set aside  the  order  of<br \/>\nconviction  and sentence imposed on him by the trial  court,<br \/>\nand  directed that he should be acquitted.   The  appellant,<br \/>\nthe  State of Uttar Pradesh, then applied to the High  Court<br \/>\nfor a certificate under Art. 134(1)(c) of the  Constitution.<br \/>\nThe  High  Court has rejected the said\tapplication  on\t the<br \/>\nground\t&#8220;that  in view of the latest  pronouncement  of\t the<br \/>\nSupreme\t  Court\t in  S.\t Majumdar  v.  A.  Brahmachari\t and<br \/>\nOthers(1), Article 134 does not provide for an appeal to the<br \/>\nSupreme\t Court\tfrom  an order of  acquittal  by  the,\tHigh<br \/>\nCourt&#8221;.\t  It  is  this\torder  refusing\t to  entertain\t the<br \/>\nappellant&#8217;s  application for certificate on the ground\tthat<br \/>\nit   is\t incompetent  under  Article  134(i)(c),  which\t  is<br \/>\nchallenged before us by the appellant in the present appeal.<br \/>\nMr.  Rana for the appellant contends that the words used  in<br \/>\nArt.  134(1)(c) are plain and unambiguous, and they  do\t not<br \/>\njustify the view taken by the High Court that it is not open<br \/>\nto  the State to move the High Court for a certificate in  a<br \/>\ncase  where  the  High\tCourt has set  aside  the  order  of<br \/>\nconviction and sentence passed by the trial court against an<br \/>\naccused\t person.  Article 134(1)(c) provides that an  appeal<br \/>\nshall  lie  to the Supreme Court from  any  judgment,  final<br \/>\norder  or sentence in a criminal proceeding of a High  Court<br \/>\nin  the territory of India if the High Court certifies\tthat<br \/>\nthe  case is a fit one for appeal to the Supreme Court.\t  It<br \/>\nwill  be  noticed  that in the present appeal,\twe  are\t not<br \/>\nconcerned  with the question as to whether  the\t application<br \/>\nmade by the appellant for a certificate should be granted or<br \/>\nnot;  that is a part of the merits of the enquiry which\t the<br \/>\nHigh  Court  will  have\t to hold in  case  we  come  to\t the<br \/>\nconclusion  that the High Court was in error in\t taking\t the<br \/>\nview  that  the\t application  made  by\tthe  appellant\t was<br \/>\nincompetent.   The stage to consider the merits of the\tsaid<br \/>\napplication  can arise only if and after the application  is<br \/>\nheld to be competent.\n<\/p>\n<p>Now  the relevant words in Art. 134(i)(c) are wide in  their<br \/>\nsweep.\tThey authorise an application for a certificate from<br \/>\nany  judgment,\tfinal  order,  or  sentence  in\t a  criminal<br \/>\nproceeding  of a High Court.  It is difficult to see how  an<br \/>\norder  of  acquittal passed by the High Court in  an  appeal<br \/>\npreferred  before it by convicted accused,person  cannot  be<br \/>\nsaid  to  be  a\t judgment, or  final  order  in\t a  criminal<br \/>\nproceeding  of\tthe High Court.\t Therefore, on\tthe  plain,.<br \/>\nwords  of  Art.\t 134(1)(c),  we\t see  no  escape  from\t the<br \/>\nconclusion<br \/>\n(1)  Criminal Appeal No. 21 of 1960 decided on September 14,<br \/>\n1964.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">464<\/span><\/p>\n<p>that  if an accused person is convicted by the\ttrial  court<br \/>\nand  on appeal, the High Court sets aside the said order  of<br \/>\nconviction,  it would be competent to the State to apply  to<br \/>\nthe  High Court for certificate under Art. 134(1)(c) of\t the<br \/>\nConstitution.\n<\/p>\n<p>Art.  134(1)(a) and (b) confer a right of an appeal to\tthis<br \/>\nCourt, whereas\tArt.  134(i)(c) confers\t a  right  on  the<br \/>\naggrieved  party to make an application for  a\tcertificate;<br \/>\nand  it\t is  for  the High Court  to  consider\twhether\t the<br \/>\ncertificate  of\t fitness  should be  issued  or\t not.\tArt.<br \/>\n134(1)(c)  does\t not, therefore, give the State a  right  to<br \/>\nmove  this  Court by way of an appeal against the  order  of<br \/>\nacquittal passed by the High Court in appeal.  Nevertheless,<br \/>\nit  has a right to move the High Court for a certificate  in<br \/>\nthat  behalf.  In our ,opinion, this position is  plain\t and<br \/>\nunambiguous.\n<\/p>\n<p>It,  however, appears that in The State\t Government,  Madhya<br \/>\n,<a href=\"\/doc\/288147\/\">Pradesh  v.  Ramakrishna Ganpatrao Limsey and\tOthers<\/a>\t(1),<br \/>\nthis Court has made certain observations which are likely to<br \/>\ncreate .an impression that an application for a\t certificate<br \/>\nwould  be incompetent in regard to cases where an  order  of<br \/>\nconviction passed by &#8216;the trial Court has been set aside  by<br \/>\nthe  High Court on appeal.  The said case had come  to\tthis<br \/>\nCourt  under  Art. 136 by special leave, and on\t the  merits<br \/>\nthis Court came to the conclusion that no case had been made<br \/>\nout for interference by this Court with the order passed  by<br \/>\nthe High Court which was under appeal.\tThat shows that the<br \/>\nquestion  as  to whether an application\t for  a\t certificate<br \/>\ncan  be made by the State against an order of  acquittal  by<br \/>\n,the High Court on appeal, did not fall to be considered  at<br \/>\nall.   Even  so, incidentally, this Court  has\treferred  to<br \/>\nArticle 134 and has observed that Art. 134 does not  provide<br \/>\nfor an appeal from a judgment, final order, or sentence in a<br \/>\ncriminal proceeding of a High Court if the High Court has on<br \/>\nappeal reversed an order of conviction of an accused  person<br \/>\nand  has ordered his acquittal.\t In this connection, it\t has<br \/>\nalso  been  observed  that  there is  no  provision  in\t the<br \/>\nConstitution  corresponding  to\t s.  417  of  the  Code of<br \/>\nCriminal  Procedure  and  such an order\t is  final,  subject<br \/>\nhowever\t to the over-riding powers vested in this  Court  by<br \/>\nArt. 136 of the Constitution.  With respect, the fact  that<br \/>\nno provision has been made in the Constitution which may  be<br \/>\nsaid  to  correspond  to s. 417, Cr.   P.  C.,\tis  of\tno<br \/>\nsignificance  in  view of the fact that the words  used\t in<br \/>\nArt. 134(1)(c) are wide enough to take in appellate  ,orders<br \/>\nof  acquittal passed by the High Courts while  dealing\twith<br \/>\nappeals brought before them by accused persons who are\tcon-<br \/>\nvicted\tby the trial courts.  As we have already  indicated,<br \/>\nthe  sweep of the relevant words used  in  Art.\t 134(1)(c)<br \/>\nbeing  very  wide, it is hardly necessary to  look  for\t any<br \/>\nseparate   provision   in  the\tConstitution   which   would<br \/>\ncorrespond to s. 417, Cr.  P. C. Therefore,<br \/>\n1 A.I.R. 1954 S.C. 20.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\"> 465<\/span><\/p>\n<p>we do not think that the observations made by this Court  in<br \/>\nLimsey&#8217;s case(1) can be said to represent correctly the true<br \/>\nlegal position as to the scope and effect of Art.  134(i)(c)<br \/>\nof the Constitution.\n<\/p>\n<p>In  Shantiranjan  Majumdar&#8217;s case(2) this  Court  was  again<br \/>\ndealing with an application brought before it under Art. 136<br \/>\nby  special  leave,  and in considering the  merits  of\t the<br \/>\nappeal, incidentally, reference has been made to the earlier<br \/>\ndecision  the  Court  in Limsey&#8217;s case(1) and  it  has\tbeen<br \/>\nobserved  that\taccording to the said decision there  is  no<br \/>\nprovision  in the Constitution corresponding to s. 417,\t Cr.<br \/>\nP.  C.\tand, therefore, the order of acquittal made  by\t the<br \/>\nHigh  Court  is final, subject however\tto  the\t over-riding<br \/>\npowers\tof  this Court under Act. 136 of  the  Constitution.<br \/>\nWhat  we have said about the relevant observations  made  in<br \/>\nLimsey&#8217;s case(1) applies equally to the observations made in<br \/>\nShantiranjan Majumdar&#8217;s case(2).\n<\/p>\n<p>In  our opinion, therefore, the true legal position is\tthat<br \/>\nif an accused person is convicted by the trial court and  on<br \/>\nappeal\tto the High Court, his conviction is set aside,\t the<br \/>\nState  is  entitled  to\t apply\tto  the\t High  Court  for  a<br \/>\ncertificate  under  Art.  134(1)(c).   Such  an\t application<br \/>\ncannot\tbe  rejected  in limine on the\tground\tthat  it  is<br \/>\nincompetent;  it  has to be entertained and  considered\t and<br \/>\ndecided on the merits.\n<\/p>\n<p>The  result is the appeal is allowed, the order of the\tHigh<br \/>\nCourt refusing to grant a certificate on the ground that the<br \/>\napplication  made  by  the  appellant  in  that\t behalf\t  is<br \/>\nincompetent,  is  set aside and it is remitted to  the\tHigh<br \/>\nCourt for disposal in accordance with law.<br \/>\nAfter  we granted special leave to the appellant to file  an<br \/>\nappeal against the impugned order refusing to entertain\t the<br \/>\nappellant&#8217;s  application for a certificate, as a  matter  of<br \/>\nprecaution, to save limitation, the appellant has also filed<br \/>\nan  application\t for special leave to appeal to\t this  Court<br \/>\nagainst\t the  appellate decision of the High  Court  on\t the<br \/>\nmerits.\t We cannot and do not propose to deal with the\tsaid<br \/>\napplication,  because 0.21 r. 2 of the Supreme\tCourt  Rules<br \/>\nprovides,  inter  alia,\t that where an appeal  lies  to\t the<br \/>\nSupreme Court on a certificate issued by the High Court,  no<br \/>\napplication to the Supreme Court for special leave to appeal<br \/>\nshall  be entertained unless the High Court has\t first\tbeen<br \/>\nmoved and it has refused to grant a certificate.  We  would,<br \/>\ntherefore,  direct  that the application for  special  leave<br \/>\nfiled  by  the appellant should stand over until  the  final<br \/>\ndecision by the High Court on the merits of the\t appellant&#8217;s<br \/>\napplication  for certificate which we are remitting  to\t the<br \/>\nHigh Court for decision in accordance with law.<br \/>\nAppeal allowed.\n<\/p>\n<p>(1) A.I.R. 1954 S.C. 20.\n<\/p>\n<p>(2) Cr.\t App.  No. 21 of 1460 dt.  Sept. 14 1964<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">466<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India State Of Uttar Pradesh vs R. B. Agarwal on 4 February, 1966 Equivalent citations: 1966 AIR 1135, 1966 SCR (3) 462 Author: P Gajendragadkar Bench: Gajendragadkar, P.B. (Cj), Wanchoo, K.N., Shah, J.C., Sikri, S.M., Ramaswami, V. PETITIONER: STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH Vs. RESPONDENT: R. B. AGARWAL DATE OF JUDGMENT: 04\/02\/1966 BENCH: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-165142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>State Of Uttar Pradesh vs R. B. 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