{"id":166036,"date":"2006-11-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2006-11-09T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/k-dhamodharan-vs-r-v-narbabi-on-10-november-2006"},"modified":"2014-09-15T18:52:11","modified_gmt":"2014-09-15T13:22:11","slug":"k-dhamodharan-vs-r-v-narbabi-on-10-november-2006","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/k-dhamodharan-vs-r-v-narbabi-on-10-november-2006","title":{"rendered":"K.Dhamodharan vs R.V.Narbabi on 10 November, 2006"},"content":{"rendered":"
Madras High Court<\/div>\n
K.Dhamodharan vs R.V.Narbabi on 10 November, 2006<\/div>\n
       \n\n  \n\n  \n\n \n \n BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT\n\n\nDATED : 10\/11\/2006\n\n\nCORAM:\nTHE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.JEYAPAUL\n\n\nCRL.O.P.(MD).No.4529 of 2006\nand\nM.P.(MD).Nos.1 and 2 of 2006\n\n\nK.Dhamodharan\t\t\t...\t\tPetitioner\n\n\nVs.\n\n\t\t\t\t\nR.V.Narbabi\t\t\t...\t\tRespondent\n\n\n\nPrayer\n\n\nCriminal Original Petition filed under Section 482 of the Criminal\nProcedure Code, praying to call for the records relating to P.R.C.No.38 of 2005\non the file of the learned Judicial Magistrate No.I, Thanjavur, quash the same.\n\n\t\t\t\t\n!For Petitioner  \t...\tMr.S.Nagamuthu\n\n\n^For Respondent  \t...\tMr.K.Thirumalairaj\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\n\n:ORDER\n<\/pre>\n
\tThe petition is filed seeking quashment of the criminal proceedings in
\nP.R.C.No.38 of 2005 on the file of the learned Judicial Magistrate No.I,
\nThanjavur.\n<\/p>\n
\t2. The respondent\/complainant preferred a complaint before the Court of
\nthe Chief Judicial Magistrate, Kumbakonam, which was formerly the Human Rights
\nCourt, under Section 2 (d) of the Protection of Human Rights Act r\/w Section 200
\nof the Code of Criminal Procedure. Thereafter, the entire records in the case
\nwas sent to the Court of the Principal District Judge, Thanjavur which was
\nnotified as the Human Rights Court in the District of Thanjavur. The latter
\nchose to send the entire case records to the Judicial Magistrate No.I, Thanjavur
\nto adhere to the committal proceedings, as the Human Rights Court was not vested
\nwith the power to take up the private complaint directly on file without
\ncommittal proceedings.\n<\/p>\n
\t3. The sum and substance of the complaint is that the petitioner\/accused
\nherein, who was serving as Station House Officer at Thanjavur Town East Police
\nStation, entertained a false complaint given by one Ashokkumar in connection
\nwith the introduction of one Sethu Ramachandran by the complainant to the said
\nAshokkumar and in the guise of such a complaint preferred by Ashokkumar, the
\ncomplainant was forcibly taken by the accused to the police station on
\n19.04.2003. The accused and his subordinates tortured the complainant to give a
\ncheque and put his signature in stamp papers. The complainant was not given even
\nfood by the accused.  The accused tortured and harassed the complainant for
\neight long hours on 19.04.2003 in order to obtain a cheque and his signature in
\nstamped papers. The accused let off the complainant only in the evening of
\n19.04.2003 after forcibly obtaining his signature in two stamp papers dated
\n28.03.2003. The accused violated the fundamental rights of the complainant in
\nkeeping him in illegal custody. Further, the accused committed custodial
\nviolence by torturing and harassing the complainant on 19.04.2003.\n<\/p>\n
\t4. With the above allegation, the complainant has sought criminal action
\nas against the accused for an offence under Section 2(d) of the Protection of
\nHuman Rights Act, 1993 and also compensation of Rs.1,00,000\/- for the torture
\nand harassment meted out to the complainant.\n<\/p>\n
\t5. As the committal proceedings are in progress, the present petition has
\nbeen filed by the accused seeking quashment of the whole proceedings in
\nP.R.C.No.38 of 2005 on the file of the learned Judicial Magistrate No.I,
\nThanajavur.\n<\/p>\n
\t6. The learned counsel for the petitioner\/accused would vehemently submit
\nthat any complaint regarding the violation of human rights shall be submitted
\nonly before the State Commission constituted under the Protection of Human
\nRights Act, 1993. No private complaint would lie as against the public servant.
\nThe protection given under the Human Rights Act for the public servant will be
\nin peril, if such a private complaint is entertained by the Judicial Magistrate.
\nThe private complaint filed by the complainant has no sanction of law. He would
\nfurther contend that the entire gamut of facts and circumstances spoken to by
\nthe complainant in the private complaint does not reflect violation of any human
\nrights. On that score also the complainant cannot prosecute the Inspector of
\nPolice, who was just performed his duty on receipt of complaint against the
\ncomplainant. Therefore, the whole proceedings which culminated in P.R.C.No.38 of
\n2005 on the file of the learned Judicial Magistrate No.I, Thanjavur may be
\nquashed, he would lastly submit.\n<\/p>\n
\t7. The learned counsel for the respondent\/complainant would contend that
\nthe Human Rights Commission constituted under the Human Rights Act, of course,
\nhas the power to enquire into the violations of human rights alleged against a
\npublic servant on the basis of the complaint given by an aggrieved person. But
\nthe plenary power of the criminal Courts to entertain the complaint alleging
\ncommission of criminal offence has not been taken away by the Protection of
\nHuman Rights Act, 1993. All the offences arising out of violation of human
\nrights will have to be dealt only by the Human Rights Court specially
\nestablished for the purpose of speedy trial of such cases, as contemplated under
\nSection 30 of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. Therefore, he would
\ncontend that the petitioner has come forward with the present petition seeking
\nquashment just to stall the proceedings initiated by the complainant, who is
\naggrieved.\n<\/p>\n
\t8. As per Section 2(d) of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, “Human
\nRights” means the rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the
\nindividual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the International
\nCovenants and enforceable by Courts in India.\n<\/p>\n
\t9. The Human Rights Court specified under Section 30 of the said Act is
\nthe Human Rights Court as per the definition found in Section 2(e) of the said
\nAct.\n<\/p>\n
\t10. The legislature in its wisdom has thought it fit to constitute Human
\nRights Court for the speedy trial of the offences arising out of violation of
\nhuman rights in the State.\n<\/p>\n
\t11. Two important aspects are very obvious under Section 30 of the
\nProtection of Human Rights Act, 1993. The Human Rights Courts have been
\nestablished for the purpose of speedy trial of the offences arising out of
\nviolation of human rights. Secondly, all the offences arising out of violation
\nof human rights will have to be dealt only by the Human Rights Courts
\nestablished under Section 30 of the said Act. The nature of offences arising out
\nof violation of human rights have not been defined under the Protection of Human
\nRights Act, 1993.\n<\/p>\n
\t12. State Human Rights Commission is constituted as stipulated under
\nSection 21 of the said Act. Coming to the functions and powers of the
\nCommission, it is seen that under Section 12 of the said Act, the Commission is
\nauthorised to inquire, suo motu or on a petition presented to it by a victim or
\nany person on his behalf, into the complaint of violation of human rights or
\nabetment thereof or negligence in the prevention of such violation by a public
\nservant.\n<\/p>\n
\t13. The Commission may initiate an enquiry under Section 17 of the said
\nAct, if it considers necessary to do so, having regard to the nature of the
\ncomplaint. The follow up measures to be taken by the Commission after the
\nenquiry is dealt under Section 18 of the Act. Where the inquiry discloses, the
\ncommission of violation of human rights or negligence in the prevention of
\nviolation of human rights by a public servant, the Commission may recommend to
\nthe Government or authority concerned for initiation of proceedings for
\nprosecution or such other action as the Commission may deem fit.\n<\/p>\n
\t14. It is pertinent to refer to the definition of complaint found under
\nSection 2(c) of the State Human Rights Commission, Tamil Nadu (Procedure)
\nRegulations, 1997. It reads as follows:\n<\/p>\n
\t“2(c) “Complaint” means all petitions or communications, received by the
\nCommission from a victim or any other person on his behalf, in person by post or
\nby telegram or by Fax or by any other means whatsoever, alleging violation or
\nabetment thereof or negligence in the prevention of such violation, by a public
\nservant, of all or any of the human rights defined in Section 2(d) read with
\nSection 21(5) of the Act.”\n<\/p>\n
\t15. The cumulative reading of Section 12(a) and 18 of the Protection of
\nHuman Rights Act, 1993 and Section 2(c) of the State Human Rights Commission,
\nTamil Nadu (Procedure) Regulations, 1997 would reveal that the State Commission
\nhas the authority to deal with a complaint as against a public servant. The
\nDivision Bench of our High Court in Santosh Hospitals Private Limited v. State
\nHuman Rights Commission<\/a> 2005(3) M.L.J. 406 has chosen to set aside the
\nproceedings taken by the State Human Rights Commission as against a private
\nindividual. The Division Bench has categorically held that the Protection of
\nHuman Rights Act, 1993 contemplates initiation of proceedings by the State Human
\nRights Commission only as against a public servant and not against a private
\nindividual.\n<\/p>\n
\t16. If we closely read the entire Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993,
\none thing is loud and unambiguous. The Human Rights Commission has the power to
\nenquire into complaint of violation of human rights as against a public servant.
\nBut the Human Rights Court specially established under Section 30 of the said
\nAct has the power to try offences arising out of violation of human rights. When
\nan offence has been committed against the background of human rights violation,
\nthe Commission has virtually no power to deal with such offences to its logical
\nend except holding an enquiry as against the public servant and recommending for
\nnecessary action by the State Government.\n<\/p>\n
\t17. There is no provision in the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
\nwhich speaks about routing of all the complaints relating to the offences
\narising out of human rights only through the State Human Rights Commission
\nconstituted under the Act. Even if an offence arising out of the human rights
\nwas committed against a public servant, it is not mandatory that such aggrieved
\nperson should route his complaint only through the Human Rights Commission, as
\nthe Human Rights Commission has the power to deal with only the violations of
\nhuman rights and not the offences arising out of human rights. If at all the
\nlegislature in its wisdom has meant to route all the complaints relating to
\nviolation of human rights through the State Human Rights Commission, it would
\nhave covered the complaints preferred as against the private individuals also.
\nWhat has been contemplated under the definition ‘complaint’ in Section 2(c) of
\nthe State Human Rights Commission, Tamil Nadu (Procedure) Regulations, 1997 is
\nonly the complaint alleging violation or abetment of human rights and not
\ncomplaints  traversing offences arising out of human rights violation.\n<\/p>\n
\t18. The offences under the Indian Penal Code are tried by various Courts
\nin the judicial hierarchy in the State. The Special Courts have been constituted
\nunder Section 30 of the Act, as the legislature has thought it fit to dispose of
\nthose cases at the earliest point of time, as it involves violation of human
\nrights also.\n<\/p>\n
\t19. No special procedure has been contemplated under the Protection of
\nHuman Rights Act for the trial of offences arising out of human rights. The
\npowers of the Human Rights Courts also have not been codified under the Act.
\nTherefore, when the criminal Courts in the judicial hierarchy in the State have
\nthe power drawn under the Code of Criminal Procedure to deal with the offences
\nunder the Indian Penal Code, the Human Rights Court constituted under the
\nspecial statute sans any special procedure enshrined therein has to fall back on
\nthe Code of Criminal Procedure. The definition under Section 2(d) of the Code of
\nCriminal Procedure, 1973 will apply to the complaint preferred alleging
\ncommission of offences arising out of human rights violation also. Section 193
\nof the Code of Criminal  Procedure puts an embargo on the Court of Session to
\ntake cognizance of any offence unless the case has been committed to it by a
\nMagistrate under the Code of Criminal Procedure.\n<\/p>\n
\t20. This Court has held in Dr.S.Sourubarani & another v. C.Selvi 2005(1)
\nL.W.(Crl.) 139 that the Human Rights Court has no power to entertain the
\ncomplaint  directly without the committal proceedings taken by the Judicial
\nMagistrate concerned.\n<\/p>\n
\t21. This Court in Crl.O.P.No.3473 of 2006 dated 20.04.2006 has directed
\nthe learned Judicial Magistrate concerned to take the private complaint alleging
\ncommission of offences arising out of Human Rights on file for the purpose of
\ncommitting the case to the specially constituted Human Rights Court for trial.\n<\/p>\n
\t22. To sum up the Human Rights Commission has the authority to enquire
\ninto only the violations of human rights as against a public servant, suo motu
\nor on a complaint preferred before the Commission.  A complainant is not obliged
\nto lodge a complaint against a public servant, if an offence arising out of
\nviolation of human rights is committed.\n<\/p>\n
\t23. The Human Rights Court specially constituted under the Act shall deal
\nwith all the offences arising out of human rights violation. As the Human Rights
\nCourt has no power to entertain a complaint directly as it has no original
\ncriminal jurisdiction, the private complaint will have to be preferred only
\nbefore the Judicial Magistrate concerned, who shall initiate the committal
\nproceedings and commit the case for trial before the Human Rights Court. The
\nJudicial Magistrate concerned under Section 190 r\/w Section 200 of the Code of
\nCriminal Procedure has every authority to entertain the private complaint filed
\nunder the Human Rights Act for the purpose of committing the same for trial
\nbefore the Human Rights Court.\n<\/p>\n
\t24. Coming to the submissions made by the learned counsel for the
\npetitioner that no offence under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 was
\ncommitted by the petitioner, it is found, on a thorough perusal of the complaint
\ngiven by the complainant that he has specifically stated that he had been
\nforcibly taken by the accused and was kept in the police station without even
\nproviding food for about eight long hours on 19.04.2003. The further allegation
\nis that he was tortured and harassed to give cheque and subscribe his signature
\nin stamp papers and accordingly he had to sign in two stamp papers dated
\n28.03.2003. Illegal custody of the petitioner in the guise of a complaint has
\nalso been alleged in the complaint. Violation of right to life, liberty and
\ndignity of the complainant is made out in the aforesaid allegations levelled
\nagainst the accused.\n<\/p>\n
\t25. Detaining a person in the police station for eight long hours without
\nproviding any food may not attract any offence under the Indian Penal Code. But
\ndefinitely it constitutes violation of human right to life, liberty and dignity
\nof an individual. Therefore, it is not a simple case where some offences under
\nthe Indian Penal Code have been allegedly committed by the accused as against
\nthe complainant. Human Rights Violation as per the definition of Section 2(d) of
\nthe Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 is prima facie made out in the
\ncomplaint.\n<\/p>\n
\t26. Under the above facts and circumstances, it is found that the learned
\nJudicial Magistrate No.I, Thanjavur has rightly entertained the private
\ncomplaint for processing it for the purpose of committing the same to the Human
\nRights Court for trial. The accused has simply filed this petition with the
\nabove untenable and unsustainable pleas just to protract the proceedings.\n<\/p>\n
\t27. In the result, the petition seeking quashment of the criminal
\nproceedings in P.R.C.No.38 of 2005 on the file of the learned Judicial
\nMagistrate No.I, Thanjavur stands dismissed. Consequently, the connected
\nmiscellaneous petitions are also dismissed.\n<\/p>\n
sml<\/p>\n
To
\nThe Judicial Magistrate No.I,
\nThanjavur.\n<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Madras High Court K.Dhamodharan vs R.V.Narbabi on 10 November, 2006 BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT DATED : 10\/11\/2006 CORAM: THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.JEYAPAUL CRL.O.P.(MD).No.4529 of 2006 and M.P.(MD).Nos.1 and 2 of 2006 K.Dhamodharan … Petitioner Vs. R.V.Narbabi … Respondent Prayer Criminal Original Petition filed under Section 482 of the Criminal Procedure Code, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-166036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-madras-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nK.Dhamodharan vs R.V.Narbabi on 10 November, 2006 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/k-dhamodharan-vs-r-v-narbabi-on-10-november-2006\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"K.Dhamodharan vs R.V.Narbabi on 10 November, 2006 - 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