{"id":169755,"date":"1952-05-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1952-05-06T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/rajaram-vs-arjan-singh-and-ors-on-7-may-1952"},"modified":"2018-06-04T19:26:08","modified_gmt":"2018-06-04T13:56:08","slug":"rajaram-vs-arjan-singh-and-ors-on-7-may-1952","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/rajaram-vs-arjan-singh-and-ors-on-7-may-1952","title":{"rendered":"Rajaram vs Arjan Singh And Ors. on 7 May, 1952"},"content":{"rendered":"
Punjab-Haryana High Court<\/div>\n
Rajaram vs Arjan Singh And Ors. on 7 May, 1952<\/div>\n
Equivalent citations: AIR 1953 P H 97<\/div>\n
Author: H Singh<\/div>\n
Bench: Khosla, H Singh<\/div>\n<\/p>\n
<\/pre>\n
JUDGMENT<\/p>\n
Harnam Singh, J.<\/p>\n
 1. In order to appreciate the point of law arising, in Regular Second Appeal No. 807 of 1947 the facts of the case may be set out in some detail.\n<\/p>\n
 2. On 25-7-1942, Paras Ram, defendant No. 3, sold one half of the land comprised in Khewat No. 102 situate in village Mihra, Tehsil Thanesar, district Kamal, to Arjan Singh and Sahib Ditta defendants Nos. 1 and 2 for Rs. 2,600\/-. That sale was attested by the Revenue Officer in the register of mutations on 14-2-1944. On 25-7-1942, Raj Ram, was an owner of the estate and the vendees became owners of the estate on 2-3-1944. On the 22-3-1944, Paras Ram defendant No. 3 sold one half of the land comprised in khewat No. 102 to Raja, Eabu, Munshi, Mangal, Des Raj , and Ram Singh, sons of Kalu Ram, for Rs. 8,501\/-. By this sale, Raja Ram became a co-sharer in khewat No. 102.\n<\/p>\n
 3. On 22-8-1944, Raja Ram instituted Civil Suit No. 195 of 1944 claiming a right of pre-emption superior to that of the vendees on two grounds, namely, (I) that on 25-7-1942, he was an owner of the estate while the vendees became owners of the estate on 2-3-1944, and (2) that he was a co-sharer in khewat No. 102 while the vendees were not.\n<\/p>\n
 4. On 1-10-1945, counsel for Raja Ram conceded that the plaintiff could not maintain the suit to pre-empt the sale on account of his being owner of the estate but maintained the plaintiff’s claim on the ground of his having right of pre-emption superior to that of the vendees by reason of his being a co-sharer in khewat No. 102. In other words, Raja Ram sought to enforce the right of preemption denned in section 15(b), fourthly read with’ section 4 of the Punjab Pre-emption Act, 1913, hereinafter referred to as the Act.\n<\/p>\n
 5. As stated above, Raja Ham became a co-sharer in the land sold on 22-3-1944, whereas the sale which was sought to be preempted was made on 25-7-1942. In this connection certified copies of mutations, Exhibits P. 2 and P. 3, may be seen.\n<\/p>\n
 6. Defendants Nos. 1 and 2 resisted the suit pleading ‘inter alia’ that on 25-3-1942, Raja Ram plaintiff did not possess the right of pre-emption defined in Section 15(b) ‘fourthly’ read with Section 4 of the Act.\n<\/p>\n
 7. In deciding civil suit No. 195 of 1944 the ‘Court of first instance found that the plaintiff possessed the right of pre-emption that he sought to enforce, but finding that the suit was not within time dismissed the suit leaving the parties to bear their own costs.\n<\/p>\n
 8. From the decree passed in civil suit No. 195 of 1944 Raja Ram plaintiff appealed under Section 96, Civil P. C.\n<\/p>\n
 9. In deciding civil appeal No. 302 of 1945 the District Judge found the suit to be within time but maintained the decree under appeal on the finding that on 25-7-1942, Raja Ram plaintiff did not possess the right of preemption that he sought to enforce in civil suit No. 195 of 1944. In the result, the District Judge dismissed the appeal with costs.\n<\/p>\n
 10. In these circumstances, Raja Ram plaintiff has come up in further appeal to this Court under Section 100, Civil P. C.\n<\/p>\n
 11. Now, Regular Second Appeal No. 807 of 1947 was originally laid for disposal before Achhru Ram J. In arguments, counsel for the appellant urged that it is not necessary that the superiority of the right of pre-emption on the date of the institution of the suit and on the date of the decree of the Court of first instance should be on the basis of the statutory qualification which gave him a superior right on the date of the sale. Finding that the point raised was of considerable importance, Achhru Ram J., has referred the case for decision to a Division Bench pf this Court.\n<\/p>\n
 12. Now, in order to enforce the right of pre-emption a plaintiff has to show that he possessed the right of pre-emption sought to be enforced on three dates, namely (1) the date of sale, (2) the date of institution of the suit, and (3) the date of the first Court’s decree. On this point, — ‘Het Ram v. Dal Chand’, 14 Lah 421, may be seen.\n<\/p>\n
 13. In the present case, the right of .preemption which is sought to be enforced was not possessed by the plaintiff on 25-7-1942, when the sale was made by Paras Ram defendant No. 3 to Arjan Singh and Sahib Ditta defendants Nos. 1 and 2. Clearly, the present suit does not satisfy the conditions laid down in — ‘Het Ram v. Dal Chand’, 14 Lah 421.\n<\/p>\n
 14. Mr. Shamair Chand appearing for Raja Ram plaintiff argues that on, 25-7-1942 the plaintiff possessed the right of pre-emption on the ground that he was an owner of the estate, while the vendees were not owners of the estate on that date. In my judgment, Raja Ram plaintiff cannot succeed by showing that on the date of the sale he was an owner of the estate while the vendees were not and that he was a co-sharer in ‘khewat’ No. 102 while the vendees were not on the date of the institution of the suit and the date of the decree of the Court of first instance. The right of pre-emption which is sought to be enforced is the right of pre-emption defined in Section 15(b) ‘fourthly’ read with Section 4 of the Act and the plaintiff cannot succeed in the suit unless he proves that he possessed that right on the date of the sale.\n<\/p>\n
 15. Mr.   Shamair  Chand   then   argues that as a vendee is allowed to improve his status subsequent to the sale to defeat a pre-emptor, there is no reason to refuse that indulgence to a  pre-emptor.    As  stated  above, in  order to maintain his suit for pre-emption the plaintiff must possess  the right of preemption on the date of the sale, the date of the institution of the suit, & the date of the first Court’s decree. That    being    so,   if   the   vendee    possesses    a status  equal  to  that  of   the  plaintiff   on  the date of the institution  of the  suit or on  the date  of  the  decree  of  the  Court  of  first  instance, the plaintiff must  fail.    On  the other hand,    a    pre-emptor    must    show    that    the superior  right  to  pre-empt  was  possessed  by him on  the   three  dates   stated   above.    That this is so follows from the very definition of the right of preemption.    On  25-7-1942,’  Raja Ram did not possess the right of pre-emption which he seeks to enforce in civil suit No. 195 of   1944.    Clearly,   Raja  Ram  plaintiff  cannot be  allowed  to  enforce  a  right of pre-emption which he did not possess on the date of the sale.    For  an   authority   on   this   point   reference may be made to — ‘Faiz Mahommad v. Fajar   All   Khan’,   25 Lah  473.    In that   case Abdul  Rehman   J.,   (Harries   C.   J.    and   Teja Singh J. concurring) said:\n<\/p>\n
  “But as a vendee has been allowed to improve his position subsequent to the sale to defeat a   pre-emptor,  there  is   no  reason   to   grant the same indulgence to a preremptor, particularly when the scheme of the Pre-emption Act is opposed to it.    Moreover, it must be remembered that the vendee is on the defensive and is entitled to  arm himself with  a shield  in  order  to  protect  his  right  which had accrued to him on the basis of his contract.   A pre-emptor is on the other hand an aggressor.    It is he who wishes to dislocate the vendee and it is he, therefore, who must show  that   the   superior   right    to   pre-empt which he had at the date of the sale continued   to    remain    superior    at   all  relevant times.    If  he  fails  to  show,  that,  he  must fail in his suit.”\n<\/p>\n
 16. Finding as I do, that the pre-emptor did not possess the right of pre-emption defined in Section 15 (b) ‘fourthly’ read with Section 4 of the Act on 25-7-1942, I maintain the judgment and decree passed in civil appeal No. 302 of 1945 on the 9-1-1947, and dismiss Regular Second Appeal No. 807 of 1947.\n<\/p>\n
 17. Having regard to the circumstances of the case, I would leave the parties to bear their own costs in this Court.\n<\/p>\n
Khosla, J.\n<\/p>\n
 18. I agree.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Punjab-Haryana High Court Rajaram vs Arjan Singh And Ors. on 7 May, 1952 Equivalent citations: AIR 1953 P H 97 Author: H Singh Bench: Khosla, H Singh JUDGMENT Harnam Singh, J. 1. In order to appreciate the point of law arising, in Regular Second Appeal No. 807 of 1947 the facts of the case may […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-169755","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-punjab-haryana-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nRajaram vs Arjan Singh And Ors. on 7 May, 1952 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/rajaram-vs-arjan-singh-and-ors-on-7-may-1952\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rajaram vs Arjan Singh And Ors. on 7 May, 1952 - 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