{"id":171838,"date":"2007-11-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-11-11T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/antram-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-12-november-2007"},"modified":"2016-09-01T19:00:56","modified_gmt":"2016-09-01T13:30:56","slug":"antram-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-12-november-2007","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/antram-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-12-november-2007","title":{"rendered":"Antram vs State Of Maharashtra on 12 November, 2007"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Antram vs State Of Maharashtra on 12 November, 2007<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: . A Pasayat<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Dr. Arijit Pasayat, P. Sathasivam<\/div>\n<pre>           CASE NO.:\nAppeal (crl.)  1529 of 2007\n\nPETITIONER:\nAntram\n\nRESPONDENT:\nState of Maharashtra\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT: 12\/11\/2007\n\nBENCH:\nDr. ARIJIT PASAYAT &amp; P. SATHASIVAM\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>J U D G M E N T<\/p>\n<p>CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.  1529          OF 2007<br \/>\n(Arising out of SLP (Crl.) No. 376 of 2007)<\/p>\n<p>Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.\n<\/p>\n<p>1.\tLeave granted.\n<\/p>\n<p>2.\tChallenge in this appeal is to the judgment of a Division<br \/>\nBench of the Bombay High Court, Aurangabad Bench<br \/>\ndismissing the appeal filed by the appellant upholding his<br \/>\nconviction for offence punishable under Section 302 of the<br \/>\nIndian Penal Code, 1860 (in short the &#8216;IPC&#8217;)and the sentence of<br \/>\nimprisonment for life and fine of Rs.200\/- with default<br \/>\nstipulation.  The judgment impugned before the High Court<br \/>\nwas delivered by learned Second Additional Sessions Judge,<br \/>\nLatur in Sessions case No. 24 of 2004.\n<\/p>\n<p>3.\tProsecution version in a nutshell is as follows:\n<\/p>\n<p>On 28.11.2003 at about 9:30 a.m., appellant Antram<br \/>\ncaused death of his wife Shobha by brutally assaulting her<br \/>\nwith an axe. Shobha was married to the accused long back.<br \/>\nTwo sons and the daughter were the children born from said<br \/>\nwedlock. About 3 years prior to alleged incident, Shobha had<br \/>\nstarted residing at village Kamkheda with the children, which<br \/>\nis place of her parents. Accused belongs to village Zari Khurd.<br \/>\nHe used to intermittently visit Shobha and children at village<br \/>\nKamkheda. The relations between husband and wife had not<br \/>\nremained cordial because accused used to object to Shobha<br \/>\nundertaking any job. This was because he used to suspect her<br \/>\ncharacter.\n<\/p>\n<p>Accused had been to village Kamkheda about 8 days<br \/>\nprior to alleged incident. There is no eye witness to the<br \/>\nincident. Prosecution case rests on circumstantial evidence.<br \/>\nAccused and deceased were in the house at the time of<br \/>\nincident. A quarrel took place between the couple during<br \/>\nwhich accused brutally assaulted Shobha with an axe and<br \/>\nthereafter ran away. Sangeeta (PW-5), daughter of deceased<br \/>\nand accused, was about to proceed to school when the quarrel<br \/>\nhad started. It was Friday and there was Saraswati Puja in the<br \/>\nschool. At the suggestion of teacher, Sangeeta returned home<br \/>\nfor bringing some flowers. Since she noticed that house was<br \/>\nlocked from outside she enquired from the neighbour about<br \/>\nher mother. Ultimately, she returned home, opened the door to<br \/>\nfind mother Shobha lying on the floor in injured condition with<br \/>\nbleeding injuries on her head, face etc. A blood stained axe<br \/>\nwas also lying there. She enquired from her mother as to what<br \/>\nhad happened. She disclosed that she was assaulted by<br \/>\nSangeeta&#8217;s father i.e., accused. Sangeeta reported the matter<br \/>\nto her maternal uncle Tukaram (PW-2), who arrived at the spot<br \/>\nand enquired from Shobha when she repeated that she was<br \/>\nassaulted by accused. Tukaram (P.W.2) and his uncle Ganpat<br \/>\ntook Shobha to Hospital at Renapur in an auto rickshaw. At<br \/>\nthe advice of Medical Officer, Renapur, she was shifted to Civil<br \/>\nHospital, Latur. The Medical Officer at Civil Hospital, Latur,<br \/>\nadvised them to take her to S.R.T. Medical College, Ambajogal.<br \/>\nThe relatives, however, took her to Dr. Sham Agroya (P.W.6) a<br \/>\nprivate medical practitioner and neuro surgeon at Latur.<br \/>\nTukaram went to Police Station, Renapur and reported the<br \/>\nmatter to Police. His report was reduced to writing and the<br \/>\nsame was treated as FIR (Exh.24), which set law into motion.\n<\/p>\n<p>4.\tAlthough prosecution does not have any direct evidence<br \/>\nabout the incident on record, it relies upon dying declaration<br \/>\nof deceased Shobha on more than one occasions. Apart from<br \/>\noral narration to daughter Sangeeta and cousin brother<br \/>\nTukaram, the dying declaration has also come on record in the<br \/>\nform of history of incident as recorded by Medical Officer Dr.<br \/>\nWarad (P.W.4), who was then attached to Primary Health<br \/>\nCentre, Renapur, where injured Shobha was taken<br \/>\nimmediately after incident. As it was a medico legal case, Dr.<br \/>\nAgroya, while admitting Shobha, gave intimation of the same<br \/>\nto Police Station by a written letter, whereupon Police<br \/>\nInspector visited the hospital on 29.11.2003 and in presence<br \/>\nof Dr. Agroya, he recorded statement of injured Shobha.<br \/>\nShobha was subjected to surgical treatment by Dr Agroya on<br \/>\n29.11.2003 and subsequently she was discharged from the<br \/>\nhospital on 09.12.2003 as cured patient. However, Shobha<br \/>\nexpired on 10.12.2003.\n<\/p>\n<p>5.\tConsequently, the offence, which was initially registered<br \/>\nunder Section 307 of IPC was converted to one under Section<br \/>\n302 of IPC. On completion of the investigation, charge sheet<br \/>\nwas filed in the Court of competent Magistrate and upon<br \/>\ncommittal, Sessions Judge recorded conviction and sentence<br \/>\nas described hereinabove at the conclusion of Sessions trial.\n<\/p>\n<p>6.\tThe accused in his statement, recorded under Section<br \/>\n313 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (in short the<br \/>\n&#8216;Code&#8217;), pleaded innocence. Before the trial court ten witnesses<br \/>\nwere examined to further prosecution version.\n<\/p>\n<p>7.\tBefore the High Court the stand of the appellant<br \/>\nessentially was that the dying declarations are not reliable.  As<br \/>\na matter of fact  there were four dying declarations recorded;<br \/>\ntwo were oral and two were recorded. Apart from oral<br \/>\nnarration to  Sangeeta (PW-5) daughter of the deceased ,<br \/>\nTukaram (PW2) cousin brother&#8217;s statement was recorded as<br \/>\ndying declarations by PW.4 Dr. Vilas Warad, Medical Officer,<br \/>\nPrimary Health Centre, Renapur who initially examined the<br \/>\ninjured and recorded her statement. Dr. Agroya (PW-6)  while<br \/>\nadmitting the deceased gave intimation to the Police station .<br \/>\nIt was also submitted that the offences were not covered under<br \/>\nSection 302 IPC, 304 Part I and 304 Part II IPC.  The trial<br \/>\ncourt did not accept this stand and recorded conviction and<br \/>\nsentence as noted above. The accused and the State reiterated<br \/>\nthe respective stand before the High Court.  High Court found<br \/>\nthat the dying declarations were reliable and there was not<br \/>\nmuch variation in the version.  However, the dying declaration<br \/>\nas contained in Exh. 36 was kept out of consideration, and the<br \/>\ndying declarations before the doctor and the cousin brother<br \/>\nwere accepted.  Coming to the plea that the case was not<br \/>\ncovered under Section 302 IPC, the High Court referred to the<br \/>\nfactual aspects, the injuries sustained and came to the<br \/>\nconclusion that case was clearly covered under Section 302<br \/>\nIPC.\n<\/p>\n<p>8.\tThe stand taken by the appellant before the High Court<br \/>\nwas reiterated.\n<\/p>\n<p>9.\tLearned counsel for the State supported the judgment of<br \/>\nthe courts below.\n<\/p>\n<p>10.\tSo far as the dying declarations are concerned as rightly<br \/>\nobserved by the High Court even if Exhibit 36 is kept out of<br \/>\nconsideration, the dying declarations both oral and written<br \/>\nwere sufficient to fasten the guilt of the accused.  The High<br \/>\nCourt has elaborately dealt with the authenticity of the dying<br \/>\ndeclarations and had rightly come to the conclusion that they<br \/>\ndid not suffer from any infirmity.\n<\/p>\n<p>11.\tComing to the question as to applicability of Section 302<br \/>\nIPC, great emphasis was laid on the evidence of Dr. S.K.<br \/>\nShinde (PW-7).  It was contended that the death was due to<br \/>\nmedical negligence and therefore accused could not have been<br \/>\nconvicted under Section 302 IPC. It was submitted that had<br \/>\nthe patient been given proper care, there was a possibility of<br \/>\nremoving thick mucus and food particles from trachea and<br \/>\nbronchi by using certain instruments and with proper<br \/>\nmedicines, she could have survived.  The High Court noted<br \/>\nthat the throwing out the vomit by the deceased was not a<br \/>\nnatural course but it was a result of two injuries i.e. injuries<br \/>\nNos. 3 &amp; 4.  The High Court found that the presence of mucus<br \/>\nand food particles in the trachea  and bronchi cannot be<br \/>\ntotally delinked from the injuries inflicted by the accused.  It<br \/>\nwas the stand of the accused that the death was due to<br \/>\nSepticaemia and therefore, it is not referable to cause of death<br \/>\nin the ordinary course of nature due to ante mortem injuries.\n<\/p>\n<p>12.\t<a href=\"\/doc\/1004174\/\">In State of Haryana v. Pala and Ors. (AIR<\/a> 1996 SC 2962)<br \/>\nit was noted as follows.\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;In answering the question whether a<br \/>\nwound is dangerous to life, the danger must be<br \/>\nassessed on the probable primary effects of the<br \/>\ninjury.  Such possibilities as the occurrence of<br \/>\ntetanus or septicaemia, later on, are not to be<br \/>\ntaken into consideration.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>13.\t<a href=\"\/doc\/1146434\/\">In Sudershan Kumar v. State of Delhi (AIR<\/a> 1974 SC<br \/>\n2328) it was noted as follows:\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The fact that the deceased lingered for<br \/>\nabout 12 days would not show that the death<br \/>\nwas not the direct result of the act of the<br \/>\naccused in throwing acid on her.  So also the<br \/>\nfact that the deceased developed symptoms of<br \/>\nmalaena and respiratory failure and they also<br \/>\ncontributed to her death could not in any way<br \/>\naffect the conclusion that the injuries caused<br \/>\nby the acid burns were the direct cause of her<br \/>\ndeath.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>14.\tAs noted above it was emphasized by learned counsel for<br \/>\nthe appellant that with proper medical care the deceased could<br \/>\nhave survived and therefore Section 302 IPC has no<br \/>\napplication.  The plea clearly overlooks Exception 2 to Section<br \/>\n299 IPC, which reads as follows:\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Explanation 2.&#8211;Where death is caused by<br \/>\nbodily injury, the person who causes such<br \/>\nbodily injury shall be deemed to have caused<br \/>\nthe death, although by resorting to proper<br \/>\nremedies and skilful treatment the death might<br \/>\nhave been prevented.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>15.\tWhen the background facts are examined on the<br \/>\ntouchstone of the principles of law highlighted, the inevitable<br \/>\nresult is that the appeal is without merit, deserves dismissal,<br \/>\nwhich we direct.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Antram vs State Of Maharashtra on 12 November, 2007 Author: . A Pasayat Bench: Dr. Arijit Pasayat, P. Sathasivam CASE NO.: Appeal (crl.) 1529 of 2007 PETITIONER: Antram RESPONDENT: State of Maharashtra DATE OF JUDGMENT: 12\/11\/2007 BENCH: Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT &amp; P. SATHASIVAM JUDGMENT: J U D G M E N [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-171838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Antram vs State Of Maharashtra on 12 November, 2007 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/antram-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-12-november-2007\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Antram vs State Of Maharashtra on 12 November, 2007 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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