{"id":172154,"date":"2003-02-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2003-02-05T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/kunjanam-antony-dead-by-lrs-vs-state-of-kerala-and-anr-on-6-february-2003"},"modified":"2016-01-09T20:58:40","modified_gmt":"2016-01-09T15:28:40","slug":"kunjanam-antony-dead-by-lrs-vs-state-of-kerala-and-anr-on-6-february-2003","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/kunjanam-antony-dead-by-lrs-vs-state-of-kerala-and-anr-on-6-february-2003","title":{"rendered":"Kunjanam Antony (Dead) By Lrs vs State Of Kerala And Anr on 6 February, 2003"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Kunjanam Antony (Dead) By Lrs vs State Of Kerala And Anr on 6 February, 2003<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Syed Shah Quadri, Ashok Bhan<\/div>\n<pre>           CASE NO.:\nAppeal (civil)  5351 of 1995\n\nPETITIONER:\nKUNJANAM ANTONY (DEAD) BY LRS.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSTATE OF KERALA AND ANR.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT: 06\/02\/2003\n\nBENCH:\nSYED SHAH MOHAMMED QUADRI &amp; ASHOK BHAN\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>JUDGMENT<\/p>\n<p>2003 (1) SCR 967<\/p>\n<p>The following Order of the Court was delivered :\n<\/p>\n<p>In this appeal, the order of a Division Bench of the High Court of Kerala<br \/>\nin M.F.A. No. 513 of 1985, dated October 3, 1990, is brought under<br \/>\nchallenge.\n<\/p>\n<p>The proceedings arise out of the Kerala Private Forests (Vesting and<br \/>\nAssignment) Act, 1971 (for short, &#8216;the Forest Act&#8217;) which came into force<br \/>\non May 10, 1971. Section 3 of the Forest Act is a vesting section which<br \/>\nsays, inter alia, that notwithstanding anything contained in any other law<br \/>\nfor the time being in force, or in any contract or other document with<br \/>\neffect on and from the appointed day (10.5.1971) the ownership and<br \/>\npossession of all private forests in the State of Kerala shall by virtue of<br \/>\nthat Act stand transferred to and vested in the Government free from all<br \/>\nencumbrances, and the right, title and interest of the owner or any other<br \/>\nperson in any private forest shall stand extinguished. This provision is<br \/>\nsubject to sub-section (2) and (3) of Section 3 with which we are not<br \/>\nconcerned here.\n<\/p>\n<p>For understanding the scope of this provision, it is necessary to examine<br \/>\nthe definition of the expression &#8216;private forest&#8217; in clause (f) of Section<br \/>\n2 of the Forest Act. The relevant provision of the definition reads as<br \/>\nunder:\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;(f) &#8220;private forest&#8221; means<\/p>\n<p>(1) in relation to the Malabar district referred to in sub-section (2) of<br \/>\nsection 5 of the State Reorganisation Act, 1956 (central Act 37 of 1956)-\n<\/p>\n<p>(i) any land to which the Madras Preservation of Private Forest Act, 1949<br \/>\n(Madras Act XXVII of 1949), applied immediately before the appointed day<br \/>\nexcluding-\n<\/p>\n<p>(A)  land which are gardens or nilams as defined in the Kerala Land Reforms<br \/>\nAct, 1963 (I of 1964).\n<\/p>\n<p>(B)  lands which are used principally for the cultivation of tea, coffee,<br \/>\ncocoa, rubber, cardamon or cinnamon and lands used for any purpose<br \/>\nancillary to the cultivation of such crops or for the preparation of the<br \/>\nsame for the market.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>A plain reading of the definition, extracted above, shows, inter alia, that<br \/>\nif any land is under the Madras Preservation of Private Forest Act, 1949<br \/>\n(Madras Act 27 of 1949) before the appointed day, it would be a private<br \/>\nforest. From the scope of the private forest are excluded lands, inter<br \/>\nalia, which are used principally for the cultivation of tea, coffee, cocoa,<br \/>\nrubber, cardamon or cinnamon and also those lands which are used for any<br \/>\npurpose ancillary to cultivation of such crops or for preparation of the<br \/>\nsame for the market. For exclusion of the land from the application of the<br \/>\nAct as not being private forest, it is not necessary that the land should<br \/>\nbe in actual cultivation of rubber, tea, coffee, etc. at all times. It is<br \/>\nenough to prove that it is used principally for the cultivation of rubber,<br \/>\ntea. coffee, etc. There should be continuity in cultivation of rubber, tea.<br \/>\ncoffee, etc. to prove principal use: and absence of cultivation for short<br \/>\nperiods due to clear felling or other ancillary purposes would not militate<br \/>\nagainst the principal use of the land for cultivation rubber, tea. coffee,<br \/>\netc.\n<\/p>\n<p>The appellant claims to be the owner of an extent of 17.74 acres of land in<br \/>\nR.S.No.12\/11 of vedakkethara village in Alathur Taluk (referred to as the<br \/>\n&#8216;disputed area&#8217;) and that it contains rubber plantation therein.\n<\/p>\n<p>On the ground that the authorities under the Forest Act were not allowing<br \/>\nher to enter the disputed area (17.74 acres), the appellant filed an<br \/>\napplication under Section 8 of the Forest Act before the Forest Tribunal<br \/>\nfor a declaration that the said area did not vest in the State as a private<br \/>\nforest and that it was a part of the rubber estate. The Forest Tribunal<br \/>\nfound that the disputed area was not a private forest, and, accordingly,<br \/>\ngranted declaration to the appellant holding it to be rubber plantation.<br \/>\nThat finding was challenged in the High Court by the respondent-State. A<br \/>\nDivision Bench of the High Court deemed it fit to remand the matter to the<br \/>\nForest Tribunal to enable the appellant to lead further evidence to<br \/>\nestablish that the disputed area was principally used as rubber plantation.<br \/>\nAfter remand, the Forest Tribunal, after giving opportunity to the parties,<br \/>\ncame to the conclusion that the area in dispute continued to be a rubber<br \/>\nestate. That finding was again challenged by the State before the High<br \/>\nCourt in M.F.A.No.513 of 1985. A Division Bench of the High Court, by order<br \/>\ndated October 3,, 1990, set aside the finding of the Tribunal and held that<br \/>\nthe appellant was not entitled to the exemption as the land was not<br \/>\nprincipally used for cultivation of rubber plantation. It is this order of<br \/>\nthe High Court which is brought under challenge in this appeal.\n<\/p>\n<p>Mr. T.L.V. Iyer, the learned senior counsel for the appellant, has<br \/>\nstrenuously contended that just before the vesting of the land under the<br \/>\nForest Act, proceedings were conducted under the Kerala Land Reforms Act in<br \/>\nwhich a total extent of 32.74 acres of land was exempted as rubber<br \/>\nplantation; that order of the Thaluka Land Board had become final and would<br \/>\nbind the authorities under the Forest Act; therefore, the Forest Act does<br \/>\nnot apply to the land in dispute.\n<\/p>\n<p>Mr. Ramesh Babu. learned counsel for the State, pointed out that the<br \/>\nappellant stated before the Tribunal, contrary to the claim for the ceiling<br \/>\nauthorities, that the rubber plantation was destroyed by fire but no<br \/>\nspecific date of destruction of the rubber plantation was mentioned and<br \/>\nthat when the appellant approached the Tribunal in October 1977, no<br \/>\nparticulars of destruction of forest by fire had been furnished. It is also<br \/>\nbrought to our notice that the declaration given under the Ceiling Act did<br \/>\nnot disclose any destruction of the rubber plantation by fire; on the<br \/>\ncontrary, submitted the learned counsel, the appellant had been cultivating<br \/>\ntapioca in the land in question as such, it cannot be accepted that the<br \/>\nprincipal object of the appellant was to cultivate the land for rubber<br \/>\nplantation.\n<\/p>\n<p>There can be no doubt that the order of the Thaluka Land Board, a statutory<br \/>\nauthority, is binding on the authorities under the Land Reforms Act. So far<br \/>\nas the proceedings under the Forest Act are concerned, the order of the<br \/>\nThaluka Land Board would be a piece of evidence but it cannot be treated as<br \/>\na binding on the authorities under the Forest Act. Unless a contrary state<br \/>\nof affairs is shown to exist, the order of the Thaluka Land Board would<br \/>\nhave to be given due weight. From the material placed before the High Court<br \/>\nand also before us, it appears that there is no evidence in regard to the<br \/>\ndestruction of the rubber plantation due to fire. There is, however,<br \/>\nmaterial to show that the appellant has been cultivating tapioca. Further,<br \/>\nthe High Court recorded a finding that there was no evidence indicating<br \/>\nthat the appellant had intention to cultivate the land which only meant<br \/>\ncultivation of rubber plantation. There is also nothing on record to show<br \/>\nthat absence of rubber plantation was for short period and that the land<br \/>\nwas in the process of rubber plantation.\n<\/p>\n<p>For these reasons, we are of the view that the High court is right in<br \/>\nholding that the burden of showing that the land was not a private forest<br \/>\nwas on the appellant and the appellant had failed to establish her claim.\n<\/p>\n<p>On the above facts, we are unable to hold that the appellant established<br \/>\nthat the lands were used principally for cultivations of rubber plantation,<br \/>\nso. we do not find any valid ground to interfere with the order under<br \/>\nchallenge.\n<\/p>\n<p>The appeal is. accordingly, dismissed but, in the circumstances of the<br \/>\ncase, without costs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Kunjanam Antony (Dead) By Lrs vs State Of Kerala And Anr on 6 February, 2003 Bench: Syed Shah Quadri, Ashok Bhan CASE NO.: Appeal (civil) 5351 of 1995 PETITIONER: KUNJANAM ANTONY (DEAD) BY LRS. RESPONDENT: STATE OF KERALA AND ANR. DATE OF JUDGMENT: 06\/02\/2003 BENCH: SYED SHAH MOHAMMED QUADRI &amp; ASHOK [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-172154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kunjanam Antony (Dead) By Lrs vs State Of Kerala And Anr on 6 February, 2003 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/kunjanam-antony-dead-by-lrs-vs-state-of-kerala-and-anr-on-6-february-2003\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kunjanam Antony (Dead) By Lrs vs State Of Kerala And Anr on 6 February, 2003 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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