{"id":173383,"date":"1994-05-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1994-05-12T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/p-muthayya-vs-chellappan-pillai-on-13-may-1994"},"modified":"2018-05-03T02:13:20","modified_gmt":"2018-05-02T20:43:20","slug":"p-muthayya-vs-chellappan-pillai-on-13-may-1994","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/p-muthayya-vs-chellappan-pillai-on-13-may-1994","title":{"rendered":"P.Muthayya vs Chellappan Pillai on 13 May, 1994"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">P.Muthayya vs Chellappan Pillai on 13 May, 1994<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1994 SCC,   Supl.  (2) 332 JT 1994 (4)\t177<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: Y Dayal<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Yogeshwar Dayal (J)<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nP.MUTHAYYA\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nCHELLAPPAN PILLAI\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT13\/05\/1994\n\nBENCH:\nYOGESHWAR DAYAL (J)\nBENCH:\nYOGESHWAR DAYAL (J)\nKULDIP SINGH (J)\n\nCITATION:\n 1994 SCC  Supl.  (2) 332 JT 1994 (4)\t177\n 1994 SCALE  (2)1021\n\n\nACT:\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>The Judgment of the Court was delivered by<br \/>\nYOGESHWAR DAYAL, J.- This appeal arises from the judgment of<br \/>\nthe learned Single Judge of the High Court of Madras,  dated<br \/>\n16-6-1980.   It\t arises\t out of a  suit\t for  partition\t and<br \/>\nredemption  of mortgage deed filed by one P. Muthayya.\t The<br \/>\ntrial  court had dismissed the suit.  But, on an  appeal  by<br \/>\nthe plaintiff, the judgment of the trial court was set aside<br \/>\nand the suit of the plaintiff for redemption was decreed and<br \/>\nthe share of the plaintiff was determined as 5\/6th share  in<br \/>\nhis 2\/3rd share.  Defendant 1&#8217;s share was determined as\t the<br \/>\n1\/6th  share  out of the 2\/3rd share.  Some portion  of\t the<br \/>\nbalance of 1\/3rd share was held to go to defendants 20 to 22<br \/>\nand defendants 2 to 19 were also held to get some portion by<br \/>\nreason\tof  the other sharers in not having  instituted\t the<br \/>\nsuit for<br \/>\n+    From  the\tJudgment and Order dated  16-6-1980  of\t the<br \/>\nMadras High Court in Second Appeal No. 799 of 1976<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">333<\/span><br \/>\nredemption within time.\t However, on the request of all\t the<br \/>\nparties\t a preliminary decree for partition was\t passed\t but<br \/>\nthe  matter was remanded to the trial court for\t determining<br \/>\nthe shares.  The lower court was also directed to decide the<br \/>\namount\tdue under the mortgage deed of which redemption\t was<br \/>\nallowed and the value of improvements, if any, to be paid by<br \/>\nthe mortgagor.\n<\/p>\n<p>2.   The  High Court in second appeal set aside\t the  decree<br \/>\nfor redemption of mortgage, vide mortgage deed Ext.  A-1  on<br \/>\nthe ground that Karanavan in whose favour the mortgage\tdeed<br \/>\nwas  executed  was Padmanabhan Pillai  Mathevan\t Pillai\t (in<br \/>\nshort Mathevan Pillai) a junior member of the Karanavan\t and<br \/>\nit  was beyond his powers and that it was executed when\t the<br \/>\nsenior\tmember\tof the Karanavan, namely, Raman\t Pillai\t was<br \/>\nalive.\t The whole case turns round on the validity of\tExt.<br \/>\nA-1  having  been  executed  in\t favour\t of  the  mortgagee,<br \/>\nMathevan Pillai.\n<\/p>\n<p>3.   The  mortgagee under the suit mortgage deed Ext.\tA-1,<br \/>\nnamely, Mathevan Pillai belonged to the Tarwad of defendants<br \/>\n2 to 19.  The plea of defendants 2 to 19 was that he was not<br \/>\nthe Karanavan of Tarwad and that he was only a junior member<br \/>\nand  as such he was disentitled to represent the  Tarwad  by<br \/>\nfiguring    as\t  mortgagee   under    Ext.\tA-1.\t The<br \/>\nplaintiff\/appellant&#8217;s  case  was  that\tmortgagee   Mathevan<br \/>\nPillai\twas  really  the  Karanavan of\tthe  Tarwad  and  he<br \/>\nrepresented  the  Tarwad consisting of defendants 2  to\t 19.<br \/>\nThe plaintiff had relied upon the judgments in OS No. 678 of<br \/>\n1112  and OS No. 731 of 1112 (Ext.  A-14) in support of\t his<br \/>\ncontention.   But  those suits were filed  by  Raman  Pillai<br \/>\nBhagavathy Pillai, the then Karanavan of defendants 2 to 19.<br \/>\nThe plaintiff in that suit alleged that he was the Karanavan<br \/>\nand Manager of the Tarwad.  OS No. 678 of 1112 was filed  to<br \/>\nset aside a gift deed executed by Mathevan Pillai the  prior<br \/>\nKaranavan.  It was specifically admitted in the plaint in OS<br \/>\nNo.  678  of  1112 that the  prior  Karanavan  was  Mathevan<br \/>\nPillai.\t  The second suit (OS No. 731 of 1112) was filed  to<br \/>\nset  aside  the\t will executed by Mathevan  Pillai  and\t for<br \/>\ndeclaration of title.  Therein also it was alleged that\t the<br \/>\nplaintiff  therein, namely, Raman Pillai  Bhagavathy  Pillai<br \/>\nwas  the  next Karanavan of the Tarwad after  the  death  of<br \/>\nMathevan  Pillai  who was the prior Karanavan and  that\t the<br \/>\nsaid Mathevan Pillai died on 20-7-1112 (M.E.) (equivalent to<br \/>\n1937).\tIt was specifically stated that the property in that<br \/>\ncase  was  purchased  by Mathevan Pillai on  behalf  of\t the<br \/>\nTarwad.\n<\/p>\n<p>4.   The  argument of the plaintiff\/appellant was that\tonce<br \/>\nit  is\tadmitted that Raman Pillai  Bhagavathy\tPillai,\t who<br \/>\nfiled  OS  No.\t678  of 1112 and OS  No.  731  of  1112\t was<br \/>\nKaranavan of the Tarwad consisting of defendants 2 to 19 and<br \/>\nthat the said Raman Pillai Bhagavathy Pillai filed the suits<br \/>\nin  his\t capacity  as the Karanavan and\t on  behalf  of\t the<br \/>\nTarwad,\t the  admission\t in  the  plaints  that\t the   prior<br \/>\nKaranavan  was Mathevan Pillai is binding upon defendants  2<br \/>\nto 19.\tIt was urged that they must accept it that as Tarwad<br \/>\nof defendants 2 to 19 admitted the fact that Mathevan Pillai<br \/>\nwas the Karanavan, it is not now open to defendants 2 to  19<br \/>\nto  dispute  the fact that Mathevan Pillai  was\t really\t the<br \/>\nKaranavan  of  the Tarwad.  On the other hand  the  plea  of<br \/>\ndefendants 2 to 19 before the lower appellate court was that<br \/>\nthere was no finding in OS No. 678 of 1112 and OS No. 731 of<br \/>\n1112  that Mathevan Pillai was the Karanavan.  It  was\talso<br \/>\npleaded\t on  behalf  of defendants 2 to\t 19  that  the\tsaid<br \/>\njudgment  was also set aside in appeal but  this  contention<br \/>\nwas  not accepted as there was no evidence to show that\t the<br \/>\njudgment  was  set  aside in appeal even  though  there\t was<br \/>\nevidence  to  show  that there was  an\tappeal.\t  The  lower<br \/>\nappellate court took the view that there was an<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">334<\/span><br \/>\nadmission that Mathevan Pillai was an earlier Karanavan and,<br \/>\ntherefore,  it\twas binding upon defendants 2  to  19.\t The<br \/>\nlower appellate court also took the view that the perusal of<br \/>\nthe judgment (Ext.  A-14) also shows that one Raman, who was<br \/>\nsenior member of the Tarwad was alive only till the close of<br \/>\n1079 (M.E.) (equivalent to 1904).\n<\/p>\n<p>5.   The  lower appellate court then took the view  that  it<br \/>\nappears from Ext.  A-14 that Raman Pillai was alive till the<br \/>\nclose of 1079 and was not there when the suit mortgage\tdeed<br \/>\n(Ext.\tA-1)  was executed by Mathevan Pillai, who  was\t not<br \/>\nmerely de facto Karanavan but in fact was the senior  member<br \/>\nof the Tarwad.\tThe prior Karanavan Raman Pillai having died<br \/>\nbefore\tthe  close  of 1079 M.E., Mathevan  Pillai  was\t the<br \/>\nKaranavan when Ext.  A-1 was executed in the year 1088\tM.E.<br \/>\nby him.\t It also held that the prior mortgage Ext.  B-15 was<br \/>\ngot merged in Ext.  A-1 and was completely discharged by the<br \/>\nexecution of Ext.  A-1.,\n<\/p>\n<p>6.   The  High Court in second appeal set aside the  finding<br \/>\nof  the lower appellate court only to the extent that  Raman<br \/>\nPillai had died before the execution of Ext.  A-1 which\t was<br \/>\nexecuted  in the year 1088 M.E. by Mathevan Pillai and\ttook<br \/>\nthe view that this finding of the lower appellate court\t was<br \/>\nnot supported by any evidence on record.\n<\/p>\n<p>7.   The whole thing turns round the evidence and discussion<br \/>\nof the District Munsif, Kuzhithurai who decided suit (OS No.<br \/>\n678  of 1112).\tThe learned Munsif who decided the  suit  by<br \/>\njudgment Ext.  A-14 relied on Ext.  &#8216;G&#8217; which was a copy  of<br \/>\ndeposition of Mathevan Pillai where he admits in clear terms<br \/>\nthat he became the Karanavan of the Tarwad in 1078 M.E.\t and<br \/>\never  since then he continued to be the Karanavan  till\t his<br \/>\ndeath.\t Mathevan Pillai could have become the Karanavan  of<br \/>\nthe  Tarwad only if the senior member i.e. Raman Pillai\t had<br \/>\ndied.\tIt  was\t noticed in Ext.   A-14\t regarding  Mathevan<br \/>\nPillai deposing about the death of Raman towards the end  of<br \/>\n1079 M.E. or the beginning of 1080 M.E.\n<\/p>\n<p>8.   It\t may  be  noticed  that it is  not  a  case  of\t any<br \/>\nliability  being  undertaken  on behalf\t of  the  Tarwad  by<br \/>\nMathevan  Pillai.  He was acting as a  mortgagee.   Besides,<br \/>\nwhen  transactions are so ancient, like the one\t before\t us,<br \/>\nthe  date of death of Raman, the elder Karanavan was  within<br \/>\nthe  special knowledge of the Tarwad of defendants 2 to\t 19.<br \/>\nThey led no evidence to depose when he died.  It will be too<br \/>\nmuch to place something in special knowledge of defendants 2<br \/>\nto  19\tto  be proved by the plaintiff\tto  a  successor-in-<br \/>\ninterest of the mortgagee.  In this state of the records  it<br \/>\nis  clear  from the recapitulation of  Mathevan&#8217;s  statement<br \/>\nreferred to as Ext.  &#8216;G&#8217; before the court which decided suit<br \/>\n(OS  No.  731 of 1112) that Raman had died in 1079  M.E.  or<br \/>\nbeginning of 1080 M.E.\n<\/p>\n<p>9.   It\t is true that the District Munsif who  decided\tsuit<br \/>\n(OS  No. 731 of 1112) talked question of &#8220;de facto&#8221;  or\t &#8220;de<br \/>\njure&#8221;  Karanavan  but that judgment was not  appealed  from.<br \/>\nThis   was   the  litigation  which  was  started   by\t the<br \/>\npredecessors of defendants 2 to 19 and it was their evidence<br \/>\nwhich the District Munsif was discussing and was relied upon<br \/>\nby the lower appellate court in the present case.\n<\/p>\n<p>10.  It\t cannot\t be  said, in the  circumstances,  that\t the<br \/>\nevidence by way of Ext. A-    14  was  no evidence  -at\t all<br \/>\nabout the death of Raman Pillai, the elder brother,  towards<br \/>\nthe  close of 1079 M.E. (equivalent to 1904).  The  mortgage<br \/>\nin dispute was executed in 1088 M.E. which is practically  9<br \/>\nyears  after the death of Raman Pillai, who was the  earlier<br \/>\nKaranavan.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">335<\/span><\/p>\n<p>11.  The High Court could interefere with the finding of the<br \/>\nlower  appellate court about the validity of Ext.  A-1\tonly<br \/>\nif it could come to a finding that at the relevant time when<br \/>\nExt.  A-1 was executed, Raman Pillai, the senior member\t was<br \/>\nalive.\t No  such  evidence  had  been\tled  on\t behalf\t  of<br \/>\ndefendants  2 to 19 and thus the High Court erred in law  in<br \/>\nsetting\t aside\tthe finding of fact recorded  by  the  lower<br \/>\nappellate court relying on Ext.\t A-14.\n<\/p>\n<p>12.  The result is that this appeal is allowed, the impugned<br \/>\njudgment of the High Court dated 16-6-1980 is set aside\t and<br \/>\nthe judgment of the lower appellate court dated 12-1-1976 is<br \/>\nrestored.   Parties  are, however, left to  bear  their\t own<br \/>\ncosts of the present proceedings.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India P.Muthayya vs Chellappan Pillai on 13 May, 1994 Equivalent citations: 1994 SCC, Supl. (2) 332 JT 1994 (4) 177 Author: Y Dayal Bench: Yogeshwar Dayal (J) PETITIONER: P.MUTHAYYA Vs. RESPONDENT: CHELLAPPAN PILLAI DATE OF JUDGMENT13\/05\/1994 BENCH: YOGESHWAR DAYAL (J) BENCH: YOGESHWAR DAYAL (J) KULDIP SINGH (J) CITATION: 1994 SCC Supl. (2) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-173383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>P.Muthayya vs Chellappan Pillai on 13 May, 1994 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/p-muthayya-vs-chellappan-pillai-on-13-may-1994\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"P.Muthayya vs Chellappan Pillai on 13 May, 1994 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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