{"id":176203,"date":"2008-09-04T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-09-03T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008"},"modified":"2017-12-17T12:23:58","modified_gmt":"2017-12-17T06:53:58","slug":"balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008","title":{"rendered":"Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008"},"content":{"rendered":"
Punjab-Haryana High Court<\/div>\n
Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008<\/div>\n
FAO No.M-51 of 2008                            -1-\n\n     IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT\n                    CHANDIGARH\n\n\n                                                 FAO No. M-51 of 2008\n                                   Date of decision: September 04, 2008\nBalwinder Kaur\n                                                       .....APPELLANT\nVersus\n\nJiwan Lal and another\n                                                     .....RESPONDENTS\n\nCORAM:      HON'BLE MR JUSTICE T.P.S.MANN\n\nPRESENT: Mr Parveen Kumar, Advocate\n         for the appellant.\n\n            Respondents exparte.\n\nT.P.S.MANN, J.\n<\/pre>\n
            The appellant has filed the present appeal against the<\/p>\n
judgement dated 17.11.2007, whereby her petition under Section 11 of<\/p>\n
the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 (hereinafter referred to as “the Act”) for<\/p>\n
declaring her marriage with respondent No.1 as null and void or in the<\/p>\n
alternative for dissolution of her marriage by way of a decree of divorce<\/p>\n
under Section 13 of the Act, was dismissed.\n<\/p>\n
            It was the case of the appellant that she married Jiwan Lal-<\/p>\n
respondent on 2.10.1994 as per Sikh rites. From this wedlock one<\/p>\n
daughter was born on 25.10.1996.       The appellant, being a qualified<\/p>\n
nurse got a job in Italy and went there in the year 2001. Jiwan Lal-<\/p>\n
respondent also agreed to shift to Italy. However, while the appellant was<\/p>\n
staying in Italy, she had sent a sum of Rs.20,000\/- to her husband. When<\/p>\n
she came back from Italy, she found that Jiwan Lal had played a fraud<\/p>\n
with her and had started residing with Gurmeet Kaur-respondent. She<\/p>\n
further learnt that Jiwan Lal was already married to Gurmeet Kaur, which
\n FAO No.M-51 of 2008                            -2-<\/span><\/p>\n
marriage was never dissolved and during subsistence of that marriage, he<\/p>\n
married the appellant. As such, the marriage of the appellant with Jiwan<\/p>\n
Lal-respondent was null and void. She also stated that since she left for<\/p>\n
Italy her husband did not joint her there, though he had agreed to reach<\/p>\n
there later-on. She, accordingly, prayed for declaring her marriage with<\/p>\n
Jiwan Lal-respondent as null and void or in the alternative for dissolution<\/p>\n
of her marriage by a decree of divorce on the ground of desertion.<\/p>\n
            Jiwan Lal-respondent could not be served in the ordinary<\/p>\n
way and ultimately publication was effected in the Daily Ajit, but still he<\/p>\n
did not come present. He was, accordingly, proceeded against exparte by<\/p>\n
the learned trial Court vide order dated 3.9.2007.        Gurmeet Kaur-<\/p>\n
respondent, however, appeared through her counsel on 10.1.2007. Later<\/p>\n
on she did not come present and was also proceeded against exparte.<\/p>\n
            In support of her case, the appellant had examined Kamaljit<\/p>\n
Kaur PW-2, Jaswant Kaur PW-3 and Jasbir Singh PW-4, besides<\/p>\n
appearing herself as PW-1. All of them made their statements in the<\/p>\n
shape of affidavits, which were taken on record.\n<\/p>\n
            As mentioned above, learned Additional District Judge,<\/p>\n
Hoshiarpur dismissed the petition filed by the appellant, leaving her to<\/p>\n
bear her own costs.\n<\/p>\n
            The appeal came up for motion hearing on 3.3.2008, when<\/p>\n
after hearing learned counsel for the appellant, notice of motion was<\/p>\n
issued and the records were requisitioned. The parties were directed to<\/p>\n
be present on the next date of hearing. On 26.5.2008, when the matter<\/p>\n
came up for further hearing, it was observed that the notices issued to the<\/p>\n
respondents had been received back with the report that the service was
\n FAO No.M-51 of 2008                            -3-<\/span><\/p>\n
effected by way of affixation. In spite of the same, neither the<\/p>\n
respondents nor any one on their behalf put in appearance. Under these<\/p>\n
circumstances, the respondents were proceeded against exparte, more so<\/p>\n
as they had earlier been proceeded against exparte before the learned trial<\/p>\n
Court.\n<\/p>\n
            Learned counsel for the appellant submits that there is<\/p>\n
evidence available on the file in the shape of testimonies of PW-1 to PW-<\/p>\n
4, in support of the case of the appellant. These testimonies remained un-<\/p>\n
rebutted as the respondents did not appear before the learned trial Court<\/p>\n
to contradict them. It is also submitted that Jiwan Lal-respondent already<\/p>\n
stood married to Gurmeet Kaur-respondent before marrying the appellant<\/p>\n
on 2.10.1994. As Jiwan Lal already had a spouse living at the time<\/p>\n
when he married the appellant, his marriage with the appellant was null<\/p>\n
and void in view of the provisions of Section 11 of the Act.<\/p>\n
Accordingly, it was prayed that the appeal be accepted and the marriage<\/p>\n
of the appellant with Jiwan Lal-respondent be declared void.<\/p>\n
             The appellant had also taken the plea of desertion in support<\/p>\n
of her petition under Section 13 of the Act. However, it is not clear from<\/p>\n
the evidence if Jiwan Lal-respondent had agreed to shift to Italy to join<\/p>\n
the appellant there, where she was working as a nurse or after the return<\/p>\n
of the appellant to India, he had not stayed with her and instead, started<\/p>\n
living with Gurmeet Kaur-respondent.         Therefore, the plea of the<\/p>\n
desertion raised by the appellant remains unsubstantiated. The relief of<\/p>\n
divorce sought by the appellant under Section 13 of the Act cannot be<\/p>\n
granted to her.\n<\/p>\n
 FAO No.M-51 of 2008                            -4-<\/span><\/p>\n
            As regards the case of the appellant          that Jiwan Lal-\n<\/p>\n
respondent married the appellant during subsistence of his earlier<\/p>\n
marriage with Gurmeet Kaur-respondent, I find that there is un-rebutted<\/p>\n
testimonies of PW-1 to PW-4. None of the respondents has taken pains to<\/p>\n
appear before the learned trial Court or even before this Court to<\/p>\n
contradict the evidence of the appellant. At one point of time, Gurmeet<\/p>\n
Kaur-respondent appeared before the learned trial Court through her<\/p>\n
counsel, but thereafter she never came present to oppose the plea of the<\/p>\n
appellant. There is no requirement of law that some independent witness<\/p>\n
has to come and support the testimonies of the appellant and her<\/p>\n
witnesses. Kamaljit Kaur PW-2, Jaswant Kaur PW-3 and Jasbir Singh<\/p>\n
PW-4, who are relatives of the appellant, have corroborated the oral<\/p>\n
testimony of the appellant. From the evidence available on the record, it<\/p>\n
stands established that at the time of his marriage with the appellant,<\/p>\n
Jiwan Lal-respondent was already married to Gurmeet Kaur-respondent<\/p>\n
and the said marriage was in subsistence.\n<\/p>\n
            In view of the above, the marriage of Jiwan Lal-respondent<\/p>\n
with the appellant was void, having been contracted during the<\/p>\n
subsistence of his first marriage. Therefore, the marriage of Jiwan Lal<\/p>\n
with the appellant needs to be declared void under Section 11 of the Act.<\/p>\n
            Resultantly, I accept the appeal and set aside the order dated<\/p>\n
17.11.2007, passed by learned Additional District Judge, Hoshiarpur.<\/p>\n
The marriage of Jiwan Lal-respondent is declared void under Section 11<\/p>\n
of the Hindu Marriage Act.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
September 04, 2008                                   (T.P.S.MANN)\nPds.                                                     JUDGE\n <\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Punjab-Haryana High Court Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008 FAO No.M-51 of 2008 -1- IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH FAO No. M-51 of 2008 Date of decision: September 04, 2008 Balwinder Kaur …..APPELLANT Versus Jiwan Lal and another …..RESPONDENTS CORAM: HON’BLE MR JUSTICE T.P.S.MANN PRESENT: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-176203","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-punjab-haryana-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nBalwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2008-09-03T18:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-12-17T06:53:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legaliadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Legal_india\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\"},\"headline\":\"Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008\",\"datePublished\":\"2008-09-03T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-12-17T06:53:58+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008\"},\"wordCount\":1004,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"High Court\",\"Punjab-Haryana High Court\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008\",\"name\":\"Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2008-09-03T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-12-17T06:53:58+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"name\":\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"description\":\"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"alternateName\":\"Legal India\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/LegalindiaCom\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Legal_india\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\",\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Legal India Admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/legaliadmin\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/author\\\/legal-india-admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","og_url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008","og_site_name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","article_published_time":"2008-09-03T18:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2017-12-17T06:53:58+00:00","og_image":[{"width":512,"height":512,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Legal India Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@legaliadmin","twitter_site":"@Legal_india","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Legal India Admin","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008"},"author":{"name":"Legal India Admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea"},"headline":"Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008","datePublished":"2008-09-03T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2017-12-17T06:53:58+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008"},"wordCount":1004,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"articleSection":["High Court","Punjab-Haryana High Court"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008","name":"Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website"},"datePublished":"2008-09-03T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2017-12-17T06:53:58+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/balwinder-kaur-vs-jiwan-lal-and-another-on-4-september-2008#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Balwinder Kaur vs Jiwan Lal And Another on 4 September, 2008"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","description":"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization","name":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","alternateName":"Legal India","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","https:\/\/x.com\/Legal_india"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea","name":"Legal India Admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Legal India Admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com","https:\/\/x.com\/legaliadmin"],"url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/author\/legal-india-admin"}]}},"modified_by":null,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/176203","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=176203"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/176203\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=176203"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=176203"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=176203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}