{"id":184320,"date":"2000-07-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2000-07-05T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/chanderwati-devi-vs-harish-chand-rastogi-ors-on-6-july-2000"},"modified":"2018-08-12T01:08:44","modified_gmt":"2018-08-11T19:38:44","slug":"chanderwati-devi-vs-harish-chand-rastogi-ors-on-6-july-2000","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/chanderwati-devi-vs-harish-chand-rastogi-ors-on-6-july-2000","title":{"rendered":"Chanderwati Devi vs Harish Chand Rastogi &amp; Ors. on 6 July, 2000"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Delhi High Court<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Chanderwati Devi vs Harish Chand Rastogi &amp; Ors. on 6 July, 2000<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 86 (2000) DLT 636, 2000 (54) DRJ 820<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: S Mahajan<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: S Mahajan<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<pre><\/pre>\n<p>ORDER<\/p>\n<p>S.K. Mahajan, J.<\/p>\n<p>1.     On 14th July, 1977 a decree for Rs. 69,577.61 paise with proportionate costs  was passed in favour of the decree holder and against all the  judgment debtors. The decree holder was also granted interest on the  principal amount  of Rs. 50,077.61 paise @ 6% per annum from the date of  the  decree till realisation. The decree holder filed execution of the decree on  January  9,  1978. She expired on March 14, 1980. It appears  that  the  decree holder  had  executed  a Will assigning the decree in  favour  of  judgment debtors  2 and 3. Probate of the Will was granted by the Court of the  Dis-\n<\/p>\n<p>trict  Judge on 12th February, 1987. Judgment debtor No. 4 also expired  on 20th  March, 1990. Judgment debtors 2 and 3 are now seeking to execute  the decree against the legal heirs of judgment debtor No. 4. The legal heirs of judgment  debtor No.4 have objected to the execution of the decree  against them  and  have submitted that the decree cannot be  executed  by  judgment debtors 2 and 3 on the basis of the Probate granted in their favour by  the Court of the District Judge, Delhi.\n<\/p>\n<p>2.   The short question involved in this case is whether the applicants who were  also the judgment debtors can execute the decree against one  or  the other  judgment  debtors even assuming the share of the decree  holder  has devolved upon them under the will.\n<\/p>\n<p>3.   Mr.  Gopal  Narain Aggarwal, learned counsel for the  legal  heirs  of judgment debtor No. 4 has contended that under Order XXI Rule 16 CPC  where the decree is for payment of money against two or more persons and interest of  the decree holder has been transferred to one of the judgment  debtors, the  decree  shall not be executed against others. He,  herefore,  submits that  even  assuming that the judgment debtors 2 and 3  have  been  granted Probate  of the Will eecuted by the decree holder, they have no  right  to execute the decree against the legal heirs of judgment debtor No.4 as  they<br \/>\nthemselves  were judgment debtors. Order XXI, Rule 16 of the Code reads  as under:-\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>     &#8220;Where a decree or, if a decree has been passed jointly in favour of two or more persons, the interest of any decree holder in  the decree is transferred by assignment in writing or by operation of law, the transferee may apply for execution of the decree to  the Court which passed it; and the decree may be executed in the same manner  and subject to the same conditions as if the  application were made by such decree holder.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>     Provided  that, where the decree, or such interest as  aforesaid, has  been transferred by assignment, notice of  such  application shall be given to the transferor and the judgment debtor, and the ecree  shall  not be executed until the Court  has  heard  their  objections (if any) to its execution;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>     Provided  also  that,  where a decree for the  payment  of  money against two or more persons has been transferred to one of  them,  it shall not be executed against the others.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>     [Explanation  : Nothing in this rule shall affect the  provisions  of section 146, and a transferee of rights in the property, which<br \/>\n     is the subject matter of the suit, may apply for execution of the decree without a separate assignment of the decree as required by this rule.]&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>4.   A  plain reading of Order XXI, Rule 16 CPC supports the contention  of Mr. Aggarwal that where the interest of the decree holder has been assigned or transferred to one of the judgment debtors, the decree cannot be executed  against other judgment debtors. Mr. Kaul, learned Senior  counsel,  appearing  for the decree holder, however, submits that there is an  explanation in Order XXI, Rule 16 CPC according to which the provisions of Section 146  of the Code have not been affected and a transferee of rights  in  the property, which is the subject-matter of the suit, can apply for  execution of  the decree even if he had no right to execute the same under Order  XXI Rule  16  CPC. To appreciate the contentions of Mr. Kaul, one has  to  read<br \/>\nSection 146 of the Code, which is as under:-\n<\/p>\n<p>      &#8220;Save  as otherwise provided by this Code or by any law  for  the time being in force, where any proceeding may be taken or  application made by or against any person, then the proceeding may  be taken  or  the application may be made by or against  any  person claiming under him&#8221;.\n<\/p>\n<p>5.   Mr.  Kaul  has relied upon the judgments reported as  Om  Prakash  Vs.<br \/>\nMadan  Gopal Gupta and Others, ;  Padmanabhan  Pillai<br \/>\nand Another Vs. Sulaiman Kunju Ahamed Koya and Others, ;\n<\/p>\n<p>and Maina Devi Vs. Jaswant Singh, .\n<\/p>\n<p>6.   According  to  Rule 16 of Order XXI CPC, a decree can  be  transferred either  by assignment in writing or by operation of law and  transferee  in either case can apply for execution of the decree to the Court which passed it  in the same manner as the decree holder; provided that where  a  decree for  the payment of money against two or more persons has been  transferred to  one  of them, it shall not be executed against others.  Explanation  to Rule  16  says  that nothing in that Rule shall affect  the  provisions  of Section  146 and a transferee of rights in the property, which is the  subject  matter of the suit, may apply for execution of the decree  without  a separate  assignment of the decree as required by law. Explanation to  Rule 16  does  not in any way affect the proviso to Rule 16 CPC which  bars  the execution  of  the decree by one of the judgment debtors, in  whose  favour decree  has  been assigned, against other judgment debtors.  All  that  the explanation  means is that in case the rights in the property  itself  have been  transferred,  the transferee ay apply for execution  of  the  decree without  a  separate assignment of decree as required by Rule  16  CPC  and nothing  in  that Rule shall affect the provisions of Section  146  of  the Code.  According to Section 146 of the Code what can be done by or  against<br \/>\nany  person  under the Code can be done by or against any  person  claiming under  him. Section 146 does not in any way removes the bar created by  the proviso  to Rule 16 of Order XXI CPC that a decree when transferred to  one of the judgment debtors shall not be executed against the others. It is not understood  as  to  how the provisions of Section 146 of the  Code  in  any manner help the applicants.\n<\/p>\n<p>7.   It  is  contended by Mr. Kaul that the applicants  who  were  judgment debtors  2 and 3 are now claiming under the decree holder by virtue of  the Probate granted in their favour and, therefore, they can execute the decree against  the legal heirs of judgment debtor No.4 notwithstanding a  bar  in Rule  16 of Order XXI CPC. I am afraid, I cannot subscribe to  the  contentions of Mr. Kaul. When there is a specific bar in Rule 16 of Order XXI CPC against  execution of a decree by one of the judgment debtors, to whom  the decree  has been transferred, against other judgment debtors, in  my  view, the  applicants cannot take assistance from Rule 146 which does not in  any way  removes  the bar created by Rule 16. It will not make  any  difference whether the decree is transferred by assignment in writing or by  operation of law or by way of a will. Effect of all this is the same.\n<\/p>\n<p>8.   A  decree  when passed against more than one judgment debtors  can  be executed  against them jointly and severally unless specifically  mentioned in the decree as to how it will be executed. A judgment debtor against whom the  decree  can be executed is in the same footing as the  other  judgment debtor  and  the moment the decree is transferred in favour of one  of  the judgment debtors, there is a merger of the two and the decree automatically stands  satisfied.  It cannot then be executed against the  other  judgment debtors.\n<\/p>\n<p>9.   In  a judgment reported as Parasu Amritavalli Thayaramma  and  Another Vs.  Challuru  Annapoornamma and Others, AIR 1943 Madras 641, it  was  held that  the  principle  underlying the proviso to Order XXI Rule  16  is  the doctrine  of merger. Where a person happens to be a judgment debtor and  is jointly and severally liable in respect of the debt and where the right  of the  creditor  itself devolves either by operation of law  or  by  transfer inter  vivos  on that particular person, then there is merger  of  the  two liabilities  and  the debt cannot be enforced as against  the  others.  The expression  &#8220;one of them&#8221; in the proviso to Order XXI Rule 16 includes  the estate  of  one  of them after his death. Consequently, where  one  of  the judgment  debtors against whom a decree for money has been passed dies  and the  decree is assigned to a person benami for the estate of  the  deceased judgment debtor the bar of Order XXI Rule 16 proviso applies and the decree cannot  be  executed against the other judgment debtors. In  my  view,  the principle laid down by the Madras High Court in this judgment fully applies to  the facts of the present case. The decisions cited by Mr. Kaul,  in  my<br \/>\nview,  have no applicability as they have not dealt with the  question  involved in the present case.\n<\/p>\n<p>10.  In view of the above, I am of the opinion that the applicants\/judgment debtors 2 and 3 will have no right to execute the decree against the  other judgment  debtors including the legal heirs of judgment debtor No.  4.  All the  aforesaid applications as well as the execution petition  stands  dismissed, accordingly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Delhi High Court Chanderwati Devi vs Harish Chand Rastogi &amp; Ors. on 6 July, 2000 Equivalent citations: 86 (2000) DLT 636, 2000 (54) DRJ 820 Author: S Mahajan Bench: S Mahajan ORDER S.K. Mahajan, J. 1. On 14th July, 1977 a decree for Rs. 69,577.61 paise with proportionate costs was passed in favour of the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-184320","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-delhi-high-court","category-high-court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Chanderwati Devi vs Harish Chand Rastogi &amp; Ors. on 6 July, 2000 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/chanderwati-devi-vs-harish-chand-rastogi-ors-on-6-july-2000\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chanderwati Devi vs Harish Chand Rastogi &amp; 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