{"id":186274,"date":"1995-05-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1995-05-08T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/saras-kumar-mohanty-seeking-vs-state-of-orissa-and-ors-on-9-may-1995"},"modified":"2014-03-20T17:18:52","modified_gmt":"2014-03-20T11:48:52","slug":"saras-kumar-mohanty-seeking-vs-state-of-orissa-and-ors-on-9-may-1995","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/saras-kumar-mohanty-seeking-vs-state-of-orissa-and-ors-on-9-may-1995","title":{"rendered":"Saras Kumar Mohanty Seeking … vs State Of Orissa And Ors. on 9 May, 1995"},"content":{"rendered":"
Orissa High Court<\/div>\n
Saras Kumar Mohanty Seeking … vs State Of Orissa And Ors. on 9 May, 1995<\/div>\n
Equivalent citations: 1996 CriLJ 1017, 1995 II OLR 162<\/div>\n
Author: A Pasayt<\/div>\n
Bench: A Pasayt, P Naik<\/div>\n<\/p>\n
<\/pre>\n
JUDGMENT<\/p>\n
  A. Pasayt, J. <\/p>\n
 1. The order of detention dated 6th September. 1994,  which is challenged in this Habeas Corpus writ application,  has been passed by the District Magistrate, Cuttack. in  exercise of powers conferred by Sub-section (2) of Section 3  of the National Security Act. 1980 (in short’the Act’)’with a  view to prevent Kunumunia alias Sisir Mohanty (hereinafter  referred to as ‘detenu’) from acting in any manner  prejudicial to the maintenance of public order. Aforesaid  detenu was directed to be interned in the Circle Jail,  Choudwar in pursuance of the said mittimus. Order of  detention is Annexure-1 to the writ application. The  application has been filed by the younger brother of the  detenu.\n<\/p>\n
  2. Two points essentially have been urged in support of  . this writ application. First it is submitted that the detenu  was in judicial custody and without any satisfaction being  reached -that the detenu was likely to be released on bail or  to be ordered for release, the order of detention has been  passed. Secondly, it is submitted that there has been  unexplained delay in disposal of the representation filed by  the detenu. The stand of detaining authority is that the  detaining. authority was aware of the fact that detenu was in  custody. Since it was apprehended that detenu might be  released on bail and might indulge in further antisocial  activities, the order of detention was passed. So far as the  delay aspect is concerned, it is submitted that there is no  hard and fast rule as to the period within which the  representation is to be disposed of. Nevertheless the matter  has been dealt with utmost expedition by the concerned  authorities.\n<\/p>\n
  3. A preventive detention is not punitive but  precautionary measure. The object is not to punish for  having done something but to prevent and intercept him  before he does it again. No offence is proved, nor any charge  is formulated and the justification of such detenting is  suspicion or reasonable probability and there is no criminal  conviction which can only be warranted by legal evidence.  Preventive justice requires an action to be taken to prevent  apprehended objectionable activities. (See Rex v. Hallidey,  1917 AC 260 : Mr. Kubic Dariusz v. Union of India and  Ors.) AIR<\/a> 1990 SC 605. But at the same time, a person’s  greatest of human freedoms, i.e.. personal liberty is  deprived, and therefore. the laws of preventive detention are  strictly construed, and a meticulous compliance with the  procedural safeguards, however, technical is mandatory. The  compulsions of the primordial need to maintain order in society,  without which enjoyment of all rights, including the right of  personal liberty, would lose all their meanings, are the true  justifications for the laws of preventive detention. Sometimes the  deprivation of personal liberty of individuals becomes  imperative to protect the society from denigrating. Laws that  provide for preventive detention posit that an individual’s  conduct prejudicial to the maintenance of supplies of  commodities necessary for the community can provide grounds  for a satisfaction that similar propensities on the part of the  person concerned are likely and there is a possible future  manifestation. This jurisdiction has been described as a  jurisdiction of suspicion, and the compulsions to preserve the  values of freedom, of a democratic society and of social order  sometimes merit the curtailment of the individual liberty. (See  AIR 1989 SC 364) Ayya alias Ayub v. State of U. P. and  Anr.). To lose our country by a scrupulous adherence to the  written law said Thomas Jefferson would be to lose the law  itself, with life, liberty and all those who are enjoying with us,  thus absurdly sacrificing the end to the means. No law is an end  itself and the curtailment of liberty for reasons of State’s security  and national economic discipline as a necessary evil has to be  administered under strict constitutional restrictions. No carte  blanche is given to any organ of the State to be the sole arbiter in  such matters. A constitutional protection is given to every detenu  which mandates the grant of liberty to the detenu to make a  representation against the detention, as imperated in Article 23(5) of the Constitution. It also imperates the authority to whom  the representation is addressed to deal with the same with utmost  expedition. The representation is to be considered in its right  perspective keeping in view: “the fact that the detention of the  detenu is based on subjective satisfaction of the authority  concerned, and infringement of the constitutional right conferred  under Article 22(5) invalidates the detention order. Personal  liberty protected under Article 21 is so sacrosanct and so high in  the scale of constitutional values that it is the obligation of the  detaining authority to show that the impugned detention  meticulously accords with the procedure established by law. The  stringency and concern of the judicial vigilance that is needed  was aptly described in the following words in Thomas Paeham  Oales’ case: 1981 (6) OBD 376.    “Then comes the question upon the habeas  corpus. It is a general rule, which has always been acted upon by  the Courts of England, that if any person procures the  imprisonment of another he must take care to do so by steps, all  of which are entirely regular, and that if he fails to follow every  step in the process with extreme regularity the Court will not  allow the imprisonment to continue.”\n<\/p>\n
 Whenever there is executive invasion on personal liberty,  the Court has to weigh in golden scales whether the personal  liberty is to be placed at a high pedestal regardless of the social  cast involved in the release of a possible renogede. Observations  to similar effect were made by the Supreme Court in (lchhudevi  v. Union of India): AIR 1980 SC 1983. Judged in this  background, the question is whether the detention as directed in  the instant case is one where the procedural sinews suffered from  any weakness to warrant interference.\n<\/p>\n
  4. In matters where the detention orders are passed in rela- tion to persons who are already in Jail under some other laws,  the detaining authorities should apply their mind and show their  awreness in this regard in the grounds of detention, the chances  of release of such persons on bail and stating the necessity of  keeping such persons in detention under the preventive detention  laws. Subsisting custody of the detenu by’ itself does not  invalidate an order of his preventive detention, one the decision  must depend on the facts of the particular case. Preventive  detention being necessary to prevent the detenu from acting in  any manner prejudicial to the security of the State or to the  maintenance of public order etc. ordinarily, it is not needed when  detenu is already in custody. The detaining authority must show  its awareness to the fact of subsisting custody of the detenu and  take that factor into account while making the order. If the  detaining authority is reasonably satisfied on cogent materials  that there, is likelihood of his release and in view, his .  antecedent activities which are proximate in point of time he  must be detained in order to prevent him from indulging in such  prejudicial activities the detention order can be validly made.  Where the detention order in respect of a. person already in  custody does not indicate that the detenu was likely to be  released on bail, the order would be vitiated (See N. Meera Rani  v. Govt. of Tamil Nadu, AIR<\/a> 1989 SC 2027: Dharmehdra  Suganchand v. Union of India, AIR<\/a> 1990 SC 1196). The point  was gone into detail in Kamarunnissa v. Union of India, AIR<\/a>  1991 SC 1640. The principles were set out as follows. Even in  the case of a person in custody, a detention order can be validly  passed (1) if the authority passing the order is aware of the fact  that he is actually in custody: (2) if he has reason to believe on  the Basis of reliable material placed before him (a) that there is a  real possibility of his release on bail and (b) that on being  released, he would in all probability indulge in prejudicial  activities, and (3) if it is felt essential to detain him to prevent  him from so doing. If an order is passed after recording  satisfaction in that regard, the order would be valid. In the case at  hand the order of detention and grounds of detention do not  show awareness of custody and\/or possibility of release on bail,  and\/or apprehension aspect. So the detention order is illegal.\n<\/p>\n
  5. A few dates need to be noticed for considering the ques- tion whether there has been unexplained delay in dealing with  the detenu’s representation. The representation was made on 19- 10-1994. the same was forwarded on 24-10-1994 by the  District Magistrate to the State Govt. and was received by the  latter on 25-10-1994. The parawise comment was furnished  by the District Magistrate on 25-11-1994, the representation  was rejected by the Chief Minister on 2-12-1994 and  communication was made of such rejection thereafter. In the  counter affidavit filed by the State, no details have been given as  to how the matter was dealt with by the State Government  between the period from 25-10-1994 to 25-11-1994. The  representation, is to be dealt with reasonable expedition. What is  reasonable expedition depends upon the circumstances of the  particular case. No hard and fast rule as to the measure of  reasonable time can be laid down But it certainly does not cover  the delay due to negligence, callous inaction, avoidable red- tapism and unduly protracted procrastination. There should not  be supine indifference and slackness while dealing with a  representation. The time imperative for consideration of  representation can never be absolute or obsessive. We find  substance in the plea of the petitioner that there is unexplained  delay in dealing with the representation. That itself is sufficient  to hold that the continued detention of the detenu is illegal. The  petition is allowed. We direct release of the detenu from custody  forthwith unless he is requited to be in custody for some other  reason.\n<\/p>\n
 P.C. Naik, J.\n<\/p>\n
  I agree.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Orissa High Court Saras Kumar Mohanty Seeking … vs State Of Orissa And Ors. on 9 May, 1995 Equivalent citations: 1996 CriLJ 1017, 1995 II OLR 162 Author: A Pasayt Bench: A Pasayt, P Naik JUDGMENT A. Pasayt, J. 1. The order of detention dated 6th September. 1994, which is challenged in this Habeas Corpus […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-186274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-orissa-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nSaras Kumar Mohanty Seeking ... vs State Of Orissa And Ors. on 9 May, 1995 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/saras-kumar-mohanty-seeking-vs-state-of-orissa-and-ors-on-9-may-1995\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Saras Kumar Mohanty Seeking ... vs State Of Orissa And Ors. on 9 May, 1995 - 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