{"id":202134,"date":"2003-04-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2003-04-22T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/b-chandrasekhar-reddy-d-by-lrs-vs-state-of-andhra-pradesh-on-23-april-2003"},"modified":"2017-07-07T04:23:08","modified_gmt":"2017-07-06T22:53:08","slug":"b-chandrasekhar-reddy-d-by-lrs-vs-state-of-andhra-pradesh-on-23-april-2003","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/b-chandrasekhar-reddy-d-by-lrs-vs-state-of-andhra-pradesh-on-23-april-2003","title":{"rendered":"B. Chandrasekhar Reddy (D) By Lrs vs State Of Andhra Pradesh on 23 April, 2003"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">B. Chandrasekhar Reddy (D) By Lrs vs State Of Andhra Pradesh on 23 April, 2003<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: K..G. Balakrishnan, P. Venkatarama Reddi<\/div>\n<pre>           CASE NO.:\nAppeal (civil)  7263 of 1996\n\nPETITIONER:\nB. CHANDRASEKHAR REDDY (D) BY LRS.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSTATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT: 23\/04\/2003\n\nBENCH:\nK..G. BALAKRISHNAN &amp; P. VENKATARAMA REDDI\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>JUDGMENT<\/p>\n<p>2003 (3) SCR 870<\/p>\n<p>The Judgment of the Court was delivered :by<\/p>\n<p>K.G. BALAKRISHNAN, J. The father of the appellant nos. 2,4 &amp; 5 to 7, late<br \/>\nB. Chandrashekhar Reddy, the husband of appellant no. 3, filed two separate<br \/>\ndeclarations under the Andhra Pradesh Land Reforms (Ceiling on Agricultural<br \/>\nHoldings), Act, 1973. By Order dated 23.1.1977, the Tribunal held that<br \/>\nfamily of late B. Chandrashekhar Reddy was entitled to hold one standard<br \/>\nholding under the Act and the excess of 4.3360 standard holdings was held<br \/>\nto be surplus land. Aggrieved by this Order, an appeal was preferred before<br \/>\nthe Land Reforms Appellate Tribunal as LRA No. 1107\/77 which was partly<br \/>\nallowed. Aggrieved by this Order, a revision petition C.R.P. No. 7171\/79<br \/>\nwas filed before the High Court of Andhra Pradesh. However, during the<br \/>\npendency of the Revision, B. Chandrashekhar Reddy died and his LRs were<br \/>\nimpleaded. Pending this Revision application, there was a State amendment<br \/>\nto Section 29 of the Hindu Succession Act whereby Section 29A was inserted.<br \/>\nThe appellants contended that they were entitled to the benefit of Section<br \/>\n29-A and thus an additional ground was sought to be raised in the Revision<br \/>\nPetition. The High Court permitted them to urge the additional ground.<br \/>\nHowever, the pleas raised by them were not allowed by the High Court and<br \/>\naggrieved by the same, the present appeal is filed.\n<\/p>\n<p>We heard the appellants&#8217; Counsel and the Counsel for the State. The learned<br \/>\nSenior Counsel, Shri M.N. Rao urged before us that by virtue of Section 29-<br \/>\nA of the Hindu Succession Act, the daughters of a Hindu joint family<br \/>\nacquired rights as a co-parcener in a joint Hindu family and thus they have<br \/>\ngot right by birth; hence, they are to be treated on the same footing as<br \/>\nmajor sons and it was argued that the ceiling on land should have been<br \/>\nfixed treating them as additional members of the family. However, the High<br \/>\nCourt rejected the plea of the appellants and held that the amendment to<br \/>\nSection 29 of the Hindu Succession Act will not alter the position and the<br \/>\nappellants herein are not entitled to get any additional share.\n<\/p>\n<p>In order to appreciate the contention of the appellants, we have to<br \/>\nconsider the definition of the term &#8216;family unit&#8217; which is defined in<br \/>\nSection 3(f) in the A.P. Land Reforms (Ceiling on Agricultural Holdings)<br \/>\nAct, 1973, which is as follows:-\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;3(f)&#8217;family unit&#8217; means &#8211;\n<\/p>\n<p>(1)      in the case of an individual who has a spouse or spouses such<br \/>\nindividual, the spouses and their minor sons and their unmarried minor<br \/>\ndaughters, if any ;\n<\/p>\n<p>(ii) In the case of an individual who has no spouse, such individual and<br \/>\nhis or her minor sons and unmarried minor daughters;\n<\/p>\n<p>(iii) in the case of an individual who is a divorced husband and who has<br \/>\nnot remarried, such individual and his minor sons and unmarried minor<br \/>\ndaughters, whether in his custody or not; and<\/p>\n<p>(iv) where an individual and his or spouse are both dead, their minor sons<br \/>\nand unmarried minor daughters.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>As per Section 3(0, the &#8216;family unit&#8217; takes into consideration, for the<br \/>\npurpose of the Act, an individual or his or her spouse and their minor sons<br \/>\nand their unmarried minor daughters. Unmarried major daughters are not<br \/>\nincluded in the definition of the &#8216;family unit&#8217;.\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8216;Ceiling Area&#8217; is prescribed under Section 4 of the Act. Section 4 along<br \/>\nwith explanation reads as follows:-\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;(1) The ceiling area in the case of family unit consisting of not more<br \/>\nthan five members shall be an extent of land equal to one standard holding.\n<\/p>\n<p>(2)     The ceiling area in the case of a family unit consisting of more<br \/>\nthan five members shall be an extent of land equal to one standard holding<br \/>\nplus an additional extent of one-fifth of one standard holding for every<br \/>\nsuch member in excess of five, so however that the ceiling area shall not<br \/>\nexceed two standard holdings.\n<\/p>\n<p>(3)     The ceiling area in the case of every individual who is not a<br \/>\nmember of a family unit, and in the case of any other person shall be an<br \/>\nextent of land equal to one standard holding<\/p>\n<p>Explanation:- In the case of a family unit, the ceiling area shall be<br \/>\napplied to the aggregate of the lands held by all the members of the family<br \/>\nunit.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>Section 4(A) is an additional benefit conferred on major sons. Section 4(A)<br \/>\nreads as follows:-\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;4. A Increase of ceiling area in certain cases:-\n<\/p>\n<p>Notwithstanding anything in Section 4, where an individual or an individual<br \/>\nwho is a member of a family unit, has one or more major sons any such major<br \/>\nson either by himself or together with other members of the family unit of<br \/>\nwhich he is a member, holds no land or holds an extent of land less than<br \/>\nthe ceiling area, then, the ceiling area, in the case of the said<br \/>\nindividual or the family unit of which the said individual is a member<br \/>\ncomputed in accordance with Section 4, shall be increased in respect of<br \/>\neach such major son by an extent of land equal to the ceiling area<br \/>\napplicable to such major son or the family unit of which he is a member, or<br \/>\nas the case may be, by the extent of land by which the land held by such<br \/>\nmajor son or the family unit of which he is a member falls short of the<br \/>\nceiling area.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>Benefit of Section 4(A) is given only to persons who are major sons as on<br \/>\nthe date of commencement of the Act. In the definition of the &#8216;family<br \/>\nunit&#8217;, the major sons are not included. If on computation of the ceiling<br \/>\narea of an individual or a family unit in accordance with Section 4 the<br \/>\nindividual or family unit holds in excess of the ceiling area, to which it<br \/>\nis entitled, that entire extent would be determined as excess under Section<br \/>\n9 of the Act and the excess would have to be surrendered as laid down under<br \/>\nSection 10 of the Act. But, in case of an individual, who is a member of<br \/>\nfamily unit has one or more major sons and any such major son either by<br \/>\nhimself or together with the members of the family unit of which he is a<br \/>\nmember holds an extent of land less than the ceiling area of the individual<br \/>\nor of the family unit which he is a member has to be increased as laid down<br \/>\nunder Section 4-A. If an individual or major son holds an extent which<br \/>\nfalls short of the ceiling area, that deficit would be added to the said<br \/>\nindividual or the individual who is a member of the family. If there is<br \/>\nmore than one major son, the extent by which the holding of each of his<br \/>\nmajor sons falls short of the ceiling area, would be added to the holding<br \/>\nof said individual.\n<\/p>\n<p>The argument of the appellant&#8217;s Counsel is that the same benefit should be<br \/>\nextended to the major unmarried daughters. It is submitted that as on the<br \/>\ndate of the commencement of the Act, appellants 6 and 7 were major<br \/>\nunmarried daughters staying with the declarant. Appellant no. 6 got married<br \/>\non 29.8.1986 and the appellant no. 7 remained unmarried. The contention of<br \/>\nthe appellants&#8217; Counsel is that Section 29-A of the Hindu Succession Act<br \/>\nbeing applicable to the State of Andhra Pradesh, the daughters are to be<br \/>\ntreated as members of the co-parcenery and they are entitled to equal<br \/>\nshares as sons. In that view of the matter, they are entitled to the<br \/>\nbenefit of Section 4-A of the Act. Section 29-A of the Hindu Succession Act<br \/>\nreads as follows:-\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Sec. 29-A -Equal rights to daughter in coparcenery property:-<br \/>\nNotwithstanding anything contained in sec. 6 of the Act:-\n<\/p>\n<p>(i) In a joint Hindu Family governed by Mitakshara Law, the daughter of a<br \/>\ncoparcener shall by birth become a coparcener in her own right in the same<br \/>\nmanner as a son had have the same rights in the coparcenery property as she<br \/>\nwould have had if she had been a son, inclusive of the right to claim by<br \/>\nsurvivorship; and shall be subject to the same liabilities and disabilities<br \/>\nin respect thereto as the son<\/p>\n<p>(ii) At a partition in such a Joint Hindu Family the coparcenery property<br \/>\nshall be so divided as to allot to a daughter the same share as is<br \/>\nallotable to a son;\n<\/p>\n<p>Provided that the share which a pre-deceased son or a pre-deceased daughter<br \/>\nwould have got at the partition if he or she had been alive at the time of<br \/>\nthe partition shall be allotted to the surviving child of such pre-deceased<br \/>\nson or of such pre-deceased daughter;\n<\/p>\n<p>Provided further that the share allotable to the pre-deceased child or a<br \/>\npre-deceased son or of a pre-deceased daughter, if such child had been<br \/>\nalive at the time of the partition, shall be allotted to the child of such<br \/>\npre-deceased child of such pre-deceased daughter as the case may be.\n<\/p>\n<p>(iii) any property to which a female Hindu becomes entitled by virtue of<br \/>\nthe provisions of clause ( i ) shall be held by her with the incidents of<br \/>\ncoparcenery ownership and shall be regarded, notwithstanding anything<br \/>\ncontained in this Act or any other law for the time being in force, as<br \/>\nproperty capable of being disposed of by her by will or other testimentary<br \/>\ndisposition;\n<\/p>\n<p>(iv) nothing in this Chapter shall apply to a daughter married before the<br \/>\ndate of the commencement of the Hindu Succession (A.P. Amendment) Act,<br \/>\n1989;\n<\/p>\n<p>(v) nothing in clause (ii) shall apply to a partition which had been<br \/>\neffected before the date of the commencement of the Hindu Succession (A.P.<br \/>\nAmendment) Act, 1989.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>The provisos to sub-Section (iv) &amp; (v) of Section 29(A) are important in<br \/>\nthe sense that it is specifically mentioned that the benefit of Section<br \/>\n29(A) can be invoked only by major daughters if they are not married prior<br \/>\nto the commencement of Section 29(A) of the Act. The said provision came<br \/>\ninto effect from 15.5.1986. Appellant No. 4 and 5 married prior to<br \/>\n15.5.1986. The sixth appellant was married on 29.8.1986, i.e., after the<br \/>\ncommencement of Section 29(A). Appellants 6 and 7 were minor daughters as<br \/>\non 1.1.75, the date of the commencement of the Act. Appellant No. 6,<br \/>\nKumudini Devi was born on 1.5.1962 and the appellant no. 7 Sridevi was born<br \/>\non 2.3.1971. Appellants 4 &amp; 5 and 6 were major daughters and they were<br \/>\nmarried at the time of commencement of the Ceiling Act and appellant nos. 6<br \/>\nand 7 were minors on that date, and were unmarried. They were treated as<br \/>\nmembers of the family and the declarant must have derived benefit of such<br \/>\nfixation of the ceiling. So, in any view of the matter, Section 29-A has no<br \/>\nimpact on the fixation of the ceiling as far as these appellants are<br \/>\nconcerned. It is true that by Section 29(A) of the Hindu Succession Act,<br \/>\nthe daughters acquired a right by birth as they were deemed to be treated<br \/>\nas co-parceners of the joint family and they have got a right to seek<br \/>\npartition of the joint family property but as regards the fixation of the<br \/>\nceiling, in the instant case, Section 29(A) does not confer any additional<br \/>\nbenefit to the appellant nos. 6 and 7.\n<\/p>\n<p>The learned Senior Counsel, Shri M.N. Rao contended that if major unmarried<br \/>\ndaughters are not treated as the members of the family unit and there is<br \/>\ndenial of justice to daughters, vis-a-vis sons, there is clear violation of<br \/>\nprinciples of equality and there is discrimination between unmarried major<br \/>\ndaughters on the one hand, and the major sons and minor children on the<br \/>\nother hand, in the matter of fixation of ceiling area under A.P. Land<br \/>\nReforms (Ceiling on Agricultural Holdings) Act, 1973. The appellants have<br \/>\nnot challenged any of the provisions of the Act and it would not be proper<br \/>\nto look into the plea of discrimination at this stage, especially in<br \/>\nrelation to a legislation on agrarian reforms. We do not, therefore,<br \/>\npropose to go into the constitutional validity of any of these provisions.\n<\/p>\n<p>The appeal is without any merits and the same is dismissed, however,<br \/>\nwithout costs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India B. Chandrasekhar Reddy (D) By Lrs vs State Of Andhra Pradesh on 23 April, 2003 Bench: K..G. Balakrishnan, P. Venkatarama Reddi CASE NO.: Appeal (civil) 7263 of 1996 PETITIONER: B. CHANDRASEKHAR REDDY (D) BY LRS. RESPONDENT: STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH DATE OF JUDGMENT: 23\/04\/2003 BENCH: K..G. BALAKRISHNAN &amp; P. VENKATARAMA REDDI [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-202134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>B. 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