{"id":204672,"date":"2007-11-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-11-01T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthu-vs-state-by-inspector-of-police-on-2-november-2007"},"modified":"2017-09-23T02:27:27","modified_gmt":"2017-09-22T20:57:27","slug":"muthu-vs-state-by-inspector-of-police-on-2-november-2007","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthu-vs-state-by-inspector-of-police-on-2-november-2007","title":{"rendered":"Muthu vs State By Inspector Of Police, &#8230; on 2 November, 2007"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Muthu vs State By Inspector Of Police, &#8230; on 2 November, 2007<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: M Katju<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: A.K. Mathur, Markandey Katju<\/div>\n<pre>           CASE NO.:\nAppeal (crl.)  1511 of 2007\n\nPETITIONER:\nMuthu\n\nRESPONDENT:\nState by Inspector of Police, Tamil Nadu\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT: 02\/11\/2007\n\nBENCH:\nA.K. Mathur &amp; Markandey Katju\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>J U D G M E N T<\/p>\n<p>CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 1511 OF 2007<br \/>\n[Arising out of Special Leave Petition (Crl.) No. 1242 of 2007]<\/p>\n<p>MARKANDEY KATJU, J.\n<\/p>\n<p>1.\tLeave granted.\n<\/p>\n<p>2.\tThis appeal has been filed against the final judgment and order dated<br \/>\n20.7.2005 of a Division Bench of the Madras High Court in Criminal Appeal<br \/>\nNo. 818 of 1999.\n<\/p>\n<p>3.\tThe prosecution case is that on 9.4.1998 at about 8.A.M., PW1<br \/>\nRadhakrishnan, PW3 Sakthivel and PW4 Arumugam went to a shop for<br \/>\ntaking tea.  Next to the tea shop, a waste paper merchant shop was situated.<br \/>\nMuthu, the accused (appellant herein) was working in that shop and after<br \/>\nopening the shop he was arranging the articles kept inside the shop.  At that<br \/>\ntime, the deceased Siva who used to collect waste papers from the roadside,<br \/>\ncollected the waste-papers and cardboard boxes and threw them inside the<br \/>\nshop of the accused.  On seeing this the accused got angry and shouted at<br \/>\nSiva &#8220;why do you do this everyday?&#8221; and pulled his hair.  The deceased<br \/>\nthereupon pushed the accused.  Then the accused took a knife from the top<br \/>\nof a table in the shop and stabbed Siva in the chest.  Siva fell down due to<br \/>\nthis injury and died.\n<\/p>\n<p>4.\tThe trial court found the appellant guilty under Section 302 IPC and<br \/>\nsentenced him to life imprisonment.  The aforesaid conviction and sentence<br \/>\nwas upheld by the High Court in appeal.   Hence this appeal.\n<\/p>\n<p>5.\tWe are of the opinion that the case comes under Exception I to<br \/>\nSection 300 IPC which states as under:\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Exception 1.  When culpable homicide is not murder.<br \/>\nCulpable homicide is not murder if the offender, whilst<br \/>\ndeprived of the power of self-control by grave and<br \/>\nsudden provocation, causes the death of the person who<br \/>\ngave the provocation or causes the death of any other<br \/>\nperson by mistake or accident.\n<\/p>\n<p>6.\tWe are satisfied that the accused was deprived of the power of self-<br \/>\ncontrol by grave and sudden provocation which led him to commit the<br \/>\noffence.  If rubbish is thrown into one&#8217;s house or shop one would naturally<br \/>\nget very upset.  It is evident that the accused had no motive or intention to<br \/>\ncause the death of the deceased since the accused was not carrying the knife<br \/>\nfrom before, and only picked it up during the scuffle with the deceased.\n<\/p>\n<p>7.\tWe find support in our view from the decisions of this Court in<br \/>\nKunhayippu vs. State of Kerala  2000 (10) SCC 307 as well as in<br \/>\n<a href=\"\/doc\/658098\/\">Masumsha Hasanasha Musalman vs. State of Maharashtra<\/a> 2000 (3)<br \/>\nSCC 557.\n<\/p>\n<p>8.\tThe position may have been different if right from the beginning the<br \/>\nappellant accused had been carrying a knife with the intention to attack the<br \/>\ndeceased.  But that is not the case here.\n<\/p>\n<p>9.\tLearned counsel for the State relied on the decision in <a href=\"\/doc\/1173740\/\">Pulicherla<br \/>\nNagaraju vs. State of A.P.<\/a> 2006 (11) SCC 444.  In that decision itself it has<br \/>\nbeen mentioned in paragraph 29 that whether there was an intention to cause<br \/>\ndeath is to be gathered from several circumstances, and one of the<br \/>\ncircumstances mentioned in the said paragraph is whether the weapon was<br \/>\ncarried by the accused or was picked up from the spot.  If it was carried by<br \/>\nthe accused right from the beginning that may be a circumstance to indicate<br \/>\nthat there was an intention to cause death if it was used for attacking the<br \/>\ndeceased on a vital part of the body.  However, when the weapon was not<br \/>\ninitially in the hand of the accused, but was picked up from the spot during<br \/>\nthe altercation, then it cannot be said that it is a case under Section 302 IPC,<br \/>\nrather it is only a case of culpable homicide not amounting to murder which<br \/>\ncomes under Section 304 IPC and not under Section 302 IPC.\n<\/p>\n<p>10.\tThe observation of the court in the above decision that &#8220;it is for the<br \/>\ncourts to ensure that the cases of murder punishable under Section 302, are<br \/>\nnot converted into offences punishable under Section 304 Part I\/II&#8221; cannot,<br \/>\nin our opinion, be understood to mean that the court should somehow try to<br \/>\nfind out some way of treating the offence to be under Section 302 IPC.  In<br \/>\nour opinion, there is a clear distinction between a case of pre-meditated<br \/>\nattack with intention to cause death and a case where there was no such pre-<br \/>\nmeditated intention and death was caused in the heat of the moment or fit of<br \/>\nanger during an altercation or quarrel.\n<\/p>\n<p>11.\tNo doubt, even in the heat of the moment or fit of anger one should<br \/>\nnot attack somebody since human beings are different from animals<br \/>\ninasmuch as they have the power of self-control.  Nevertheless, the fact<br \/>\nremains that in the heat of the moment and in a fit of anger people some<br \/>\ntimes do acts which may not have been done after premeditation.  Hence the<br \/>\nlaw provides that while those who commit acts in the heat of the moment or<br \/>\nfit of anger should also be punished, their punishment should be lesser than<br \/>\nthat of premeditated offences.  It is for this reason that Exceptions I and 4<br \/>\nhave been inserted in Section 300 IPC.\n<\/p>\n<p>12.\tWe may also refer to Exception 4 to Section 300 IPC which reads as<br \/>\nunder:\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Exception 4.  Culpable homicide is not murder if it is<br \/>\ncommitted without premeditation in a sudden fight in the<br \/>\nheat of passion upon a sudden quarrel and without the<br \/>\noffender having taken undue advantage or acted in a<br \/>\ncruel or unusual manner&#8221;.\n<\/p>\n<p>13.\tThe difference between Exception I and Exception 4 to Section 300<br \/>\nhas been explained by this Court in Pappu vs. State of M.P. 2006 (7) SCC\n<\/p>\n<p>391.  In our opinion, the present case also comes under Exception 4 to<br \/>\nSection 300 IPC since the ingredients of Exception 4 are all satisfied in the<br \/>\nfacts of the present case.\n<\/p>\n<p>14.\tIn our opinion, throwing waste and rubbish inside the house or shop<br \/>\nof somebody is certainly a grave and sudden provocation.  Everyone wishes<br \/>\nto keep his premises neat and clean, and is likely to loose his self-control in<br \/>\nsuch a situation.    The incident in question occurred in a sudden fight and a<br \/>\nheat of passion by a sudden quarrel without the appellant having taken<br \/>\nundue advantage or acted in a cruel or unusual manner.  Hence the appellant<br \/>\nis entitled to the benefit of Exceptions I and 4 and the case comes under<br \/>\nSection 304 IPC.\n<\/p>\n<p>15.\tThe next question is whether the case will come under the first part or<br \/>\nthe second part of Section 304 IPC.  In our opinion it will come under the<br \/>\nsecond part in view of the decisions of this Court in <a href=\"\/doc\/1682925\/\">Ramesh Vithalrao<br \/>\nThakre and Anr. vs. State of Maharashtra AIR<\/a> 1995 SC 1453, Sarup<br \/>\nSingh vs. State of Haryana AIR 1995 SC 2452, <a href=\"\/doc\/1527153\/\">Mavila Thamban<br \/>\nNambiar vs. State of Kerala AIR<\/a> 1997 SC 687, Sudhir Samanta vs. State<br \/>\nof West Bengal and Anr. AIR 1998 SC 289, <a href=\"\/doc\/1103320\/\">K. Ramakrishnan Unnithan<br \/>\nvs. State of Kerala AIR<\/a> 1999 SC 1428, <a href=\"\/doc\/1923361\/\">Tholan vs. State of Tamil Nadu<\/a><br \/>\n1984 (2) SCC 133,  Jagpati vs. State of Madhya Pradesh AIR 1993 SC<br \/>\n1360 Tarsem Singh and Ors. vs. State of Punjab AIR 2002 SC 760, Hari<br \/>\nRam vs. State of Haryana AIR 1983 SC 185, Randhir Singh vs. State of<br \/>\nPunjab AIR 1982 SC 55, Kulwant Rai vs. State of Punjab AIR 1982 SC<br \/>\n126 and <a href=\"\/doc\/664771\/\">Shankar vs. State of Madhya Pradesh AIR<\/a> 1979 SC 1532.\n<\/p>\n<p>16.\tIn our opinion on the facts of the case the act committed was done<br \/>\nwith the knowledge it is likely to cause death but without any intention to<br \/>\ncause death or cause such bodily injury as is likely to cause death.  Hence<br \/>\nthe offence comes under the Part II of Section 304 IPC.\n<\/p>\n<p>17.\tFor the reasons given above, the sentence awarded by the courts<br \/>\nbelow is substituted by the sentence of five years&#8217; simple imprisonment and<br \/>\nany period of incarceration in jail which the accused has already undergone<br \/>\nshall be deducted from the aforesaid period of five years.  The judgments of<br \/>\nthe courts below are modified accordingly and the appeal stands disposed<br \/>\noff.\n<\/p>\n<p>18.\tIf the appellant is on bail, his bail bonds shall stand cancelled.  He<br \/>\nshall surrender forthwith to serve out the remaining part of the sentence.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Muthu vs State By Inspector Of Police, &#8230; on 2 November, 2007 Author: M Katju Bench: A.K. Mathur, Markandey Katju CASE NO.: Appeal (crl.) 1511 of 2007 PETITIONER: Muthu RESPONDENT: State by Inspector of Police, Tamil Nadu DATE OF JUDGMENT: 02\/11\/2007 BENCH: A.K. Mathur &amp; Markandey Katju JUDGMENT: J U D [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-204672","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Muthu vs State By Inspector Of Police, ... on 2 November, 2007 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/muthu-vs-state-by-inspector-of-police-on-2-november-2007\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Muthu vs State By Inspector Of Police, ... on 2 November, 2007 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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