{"id":205126,"date":"2003-10-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2003-10-07T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/bharat-chaudhary-anr-vs-state-of-bihar-anr-on-8-october-2003"},"modified":"2018-01-10T12:33:55","modified_gmt":"2018-01-10T07:03:55","slug":"bharat-chaudhary-anr-vs-state-of-bihar-anr-on-8-october-2003","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/bharat-chaudhary-anr-vs-state-of-bihar-anr-on-8-october-2003","title":{"rendered":"Bharat Chaudhary &amp; Anr vs State Of Bihar &amp; Anr on 8 October, 2003"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Bharat Chaudhary &amp; Anr vs State Of Bihar &amp; Anr on 8 October, 2003<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: S Hegde<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: N.Santosh Hegde, B.P. Singh.<\/div>\n<pre>           CASE NO.:\nAppeal (crl.)  1250 of 2003\n\nPETITIONER:\nBharat Chaudhary &amp; Anr.\t\t\t\t\n\nRESPONDENT:\nState of Bihar &amp; Anr.\t\t\t\t        \n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT: 08\/10\/2003\n\nBENCH:\nN.Santosh Hegde &amp; B.P. Singh.\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>J U D G M E N T<\/p>\n<p>(Arising out of SLP(Crl.)No.2243 of 2003)<\/p>\n<p>SANTOSH HEGDE,J.\n<\/p>\n<p>Heard learned counsel for the parties.\n<\/p>\n<p>Leave granted.\n<\/p>\n<p>Appellants in this case are husband and wife and were<br \/>\naccused by their daughter-in-law of offences punishable<br \/>\nunder Sections 504, 498A and 406 of the Indian Penal Code<br \/>\nand Sections 3 \/ 4 of the Dowry Prohibition Act.  Their<br \/>\napplication, filed under Section 438 of the Crl. P.C. for grant<br \/>\nof anticipatory bail has been rejected by the High Court of<br \/>\nJudicature at Patna.  The said order is under challenge in this<br \/>\nAppeal.  When this matter came up for preliminary hearing<br \/>\nof 19th May, 2003, we issued notice to the respondents and<br \/>\nalso made an interim order not to arrest the appellants in the<br \/>\nmeantime.  Today after hearing the parties on facts, we are<br \/>\ninclined to grant anticipatory bail to the appellants.<br \/>\nShri B.B. Singh, learned counsel appearing for the<br \/>\nrespondent-State, however, raised a legal objection. His<br \/>\ncontention was that since the Court of first instance has taken<br \/>\ncognizance of the offence in question, Section 438  of   the<br \/>\nCrl. P.C. cannot be used for granting anticipatory bail even<br \/>\nby this Court and the only remedy available to the appellants<br \/>\nis to approach the trial court and surrender, thereafter apply<br \/>\nfor regular bail under section 439 of the Crl. P.C.  In support<br \/>\nof this contention the learned counsel relied on the judgment<br \/>\nof this Court in the case of <a href=\"\/doc\/772627\/\">Salauddin Abdulsamad Shaikh vs.<br \/>\nState of Maharashtra<\/a> (1996 (1) SCC 667).\n<\/p>\n<p>              If the arguments of the learned counsel for the<br \/>\nrespondent &#8211; State is to be accepted then in each and every<br \/>\ncase, where a complaint is made of an non-bailable offence<br \/>\nand cognizance is taken by the competent court then every<br \/>\ncourt under the Code including this court would be denuded<br \/>\nof its power to grant anticipatory bail under Section 438 of<br \/>\nthe Cr. P.C.\n<\/p>\n<p>We do not think that was the intention of the legislature<br \/>\nwhen it incorporated Section 438 in the Crl.P.C.  which reads<br \/>\nthus :\n<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t&#8220;When any person has reason to<br \/>\nbelieve that he may be arrested on an<br \/>\naccusation of having committed a non-\n<\/p>\n<p>bailable offence, he may apply to the<br \/>\nHigh Court or the Court of Session for<br \/>\ndirection under this section; and that<br \/>\nCourt may, if it thinks fit, direct that in<br \/>\nthe event of such arrest he shall be<br \/>\nreleased on bail.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>\t From the perusal of this part of Section 438 of the Crl.<br \/>\nP.C., we find no restriction in regard to exercise of this power<br \/>\nin a suitable case either by the Court of Sessions, High Court<br \/>\nor this Court even when cognizance is taken or charge sheet<br \/>\nis filed.  The object of Section 438 is to prevent undue<br \/>\nharassment of the accused persons by pre-trial arrest and<br \/>\ndetention.  The fact, that a Court has either taken cognizance<br \/>\nof the complaint or the investigating agency has filed a<br \/>\nchargesheet, would not by itself, in our opinion, prevent the<br \/>\nconcerned courts from granting anticipatory bail in<br \/>\nappropriate cases.  The gravity of the offence is an important<br \/>\nfactor to be taken into consideration while granting such<br \/>\nanticipatory bail so also the need for custodial interrogation,<br \/>\nbut these are only factors that must be borne in mind by the<br \/>\nconcerned courts while entertaining a petition for grant of<br \/>\nanticipatory bail and the fact of taking cognizance or filing of<br \/>\ncharge sheet cannot by themselves be construed as a<br \/>\nprohibition against the grant of anticipatory bail.  In our<br \/>\nopinion, the courts i.e. the Court of Sessions, High Court or<br \/>\nthis Court has the necessary power vested in them to grant<br \/>\nanticipatory bail in non-bailable offences under Section 438<br \/>\nof the Crl. P.C. even when cognizance is taken or charge<br \/>\nsheet is filed provided the facts of the case require the Court<br \/>\nto do so.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThe learned counsel, as stated above, has relied on the<br \/>\njudgement of this Court referred to herein above. In that case<br \/>\ni.e. namely Salauddin Abdulsamad Shaikh , a three-Judge<br \/>\nBench of this Court stated thus :\n<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t&#8220;When the Court of Session or the<br \/>\nHigh Court is granting anticipatory bail, it<br \/>\nis granted at a stage when the investigation<br \/>\nis incomplete and, therefore, it is not<br \/>\ninformed about the nature of evidence<br \/>\nagainst the alleged offender.  It is,<br \/>\ntherefore, necessary that such anticipatory<br \/>\nbail orders should be of a limited duration<br \/>\nonly and ordinarily on the expiry of that<br \/>\nduration or extended  duration, the court<br \/>\ngranting anticipatory bail should leave it to<br \/>\nthe regular court to deal with the matter on<br \/>\nan appreciation of evidence placed before<br \/>\nit after the investigation has made progress<br \/>\nor the charge sheet is submitted.\n<\/p>\n<p>Ordinarily the court granting<br \/>\nanticipatory bail should not substitute itself<br \/>\nfor the original court which is expected to<br \/>\ndeal with the offence.  It is that court<br \/>\nwhich has then to consider whether, having<br \/>\nregard to the material placed before it, the<br \/>\naccused person is entitled to bail.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>\tFrom a careful reading of the said judgment we do not<br \/>\nfind any restriction or absolute bar on the concerned Court<br \/>\ngranting anticipatory bail even  in cases where either<br \/>\ncognizance has been taken or a chagesheet has been filed.<br \/>\nThis judgment only lays down a guideline that while<br \/>\nconsidering the prima facie case against an accused the<br \/>\nfactum of cognizance having been taken and the laying of<br \/>\nchargesheet would be of some assistance for coming to the<br \/>\nconclusion whether the claimant for an anticipatory bail is<br \/>\nentitled  for such bail or not. This is clear from the following<br \/>\nobservations of the Court in the above case:<br \/>\n&#8220;It is, therefore, necessary that such<br \/>\nanticipatory bail orders should be of<br \/>\nlimited  duration only and ordinarily on the<br \/>\nexpiry of the duration or extended<br \/>\nduration, Court, granting anticipatory bail,<br \/>\nshould leave it to the regular court to deal<br \/>\nwith the matter on an appreciation of<br \/>\nevidence placed before it after the<br \/>\ninvestigation  has made progress or<br \/>\nchargesheet is submitted.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>From the above observations, we are unable to read any<br \/>\nrestriction on the power of the courts empowered to grant<br \/>\nanticipatory bail under Section 438 of the Crl. P.C.<br \/>\n\tWe respectfully agree with the observations of this<br \/>\nCourt in the said case that the duration of anticipatory bail<br \/>\nshould be normally limited till the trial court has the<br \/>\nnecessary  material before it to pass such orders and  it thinks<br \/>\nfit on the material available before it.  That is only a<br \/>\nrestriction in regard to blanket anticipatory bail for an<br \/>\nunspecified period.  This judgment in our opinion does not<br \/>\nsupport the extreme argument addressed on behalf of the<br \/>\nlearned counsel for the respondent-State that the courts<br \/>\nspecified in Section 438 of the Crl.P.C. are denuded of their<br \/>\npower under the said Section where either the cognizance is<br \/>\ntaken by the concerned court or charge sheet is filed before<br \/>\nthe appropriate Court.  As stated above this would only<br \/>\namount to defeat  the very object for which Section 438 was<br \/>\nintroduced in the Crl.P.C. in the year 1973.<br \/>\nAs observed above and having heard the learned<br \/>\ncounsel for the parties, we are of the considered opinion that<br \/>\nthe appellants in this case should be released on bail, in the<br \/>\nevent of their being arrested, on their furnishing a self bond<br \/>\neach for a sum of Rs.5,000\/- and a surety to the  like sum.<br \/>\nThe appellants shall abide by the conditions enumerated in<br \/>\nSection 438 of the Code.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Bharat Chaudhary &amp; Anr vs State Of Bihar &amp; Anr on 8 October, 2003 Author: S Hegde Bench: N.Santosh Hegde, B.P. Singh. CASE NO.: Appeal (crl.) 1250 of 2003 PETITIONER: Bharat Chaudhary &amp; Anr. RESPONDENT: State of Bihar &amp; Anr. DATE OF JUDGMENT: 08\/10\/2003 BENCH: N.Santosh Hegde &amp; B.P. Singh. JUDGMENT: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-205126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bharat Chaudhary &amp; Anr vs State Of Bihar &amp; Anr on 8 October, 2003 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/bharat-chaudhary-anr-vs-state-of-bihar-anr-on-8-october-2003\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bharat Chaudhary &amp; 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