{"id":208694,"date":"2008-07-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-07-21T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/janhit-manch-vs-the-state-of-maharashtra-on-22-july-2008"},"modified":"2019-02-28T21:17:41","modified_gmt":"2019-02-28T15:47:41","slug":"janhit-manch-vs-the-state-of-maharashtra-on-22-july-2008","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/janhit-manch-vs-the-state-of-maharashtra-on-22-july-2008","title":{"rendered":"Janhit Manch vs The State Of Maharashtra on 22 July, 2008"},"content":{"rendered":"
Bombay High Court<\/div>\n
Janhit Manch vs The State Of Maharashtra on 22 July, 2008<\/div>\n
Bench: Bilal Nazki, A.P. Deshpande<\/div>\n
                                          1\n\n\n\n\n                                                                            \n              IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY\n\n\n\n\n                                                    \n                  ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION\n\n                   PIL WRIT PETITION NO.  1325   OF 2003\n\n\n\n\n                                                   \n    1) Janhit Manch                       )\n\n\n\n\n                                         \n       Through its President Bhagvanji )\n\n       Raiyani, Kuber Bhuvan, Bajaj\n                            ig            )\n\n       Road, Vile Parle (West),           )\n                          \n       Mumbai - 400 056.            ...   )\n\n    2) Bhagvanji Raiyani                  )\n       \n\n\n       Kuber Bhuvan, Bajaj Road,          )\n    \n\n\n\n       Vile Parle (West), Mumbai -        )\n\n       400 056.                           )\n\n\n\n\n\n    3) Gaurang Vora                       )\n\n       Plot - 275\/3, Gope Nivas, Sion     )\n\n       (East), Mumbai - 400 022.          )   ...    ...      Petitioners.\n\n\n\n\n\n               Versus\n\n    1) The State of Maharashtra           )\n\n       through the Principal Secretary    )\n\n       of Environment, Govt. of           )\n\n\n\n\n                                                    ::: Downloaded on - 09\/06\/2013 13:37:11 :::\n                                           2\n\n\n\n\n                                                                             \n       Maharashtra, Mantralaya,                  )\n\n\n\n\n                                                     \n       Mumbai - 400 032.           ...     ...   )\n\n    2) The Member Secretary,                     )\n\n\n\n\n                                                    \n       The Maharashtra Pollution Control         )\n\n       Board, a Maharashtra Government           )\n\n\n\n\n                                          \n       Organisation, Kalpataru, Opp. Cine        )\n\n       Planet, Near Sion Circle, Sion (East), \n                             ig                  )\n\n       Mumbai - 400 022.                         )\n                           \n    3) The Union of India                        )\n\n       through the Ministry of Environment,      )\n       \n\n\n       CGO Complex, Near Lodhi Road,             )\n    \n\n\n\n       New Delhi - 110 003.                      )\n\n    4) Central Pollution Control Board,          )\n\n\n\n\n\n       a union of India Organisation, Parivesh )\n\n       Bhavan, East Arjun Nagar, Delhi -         )\n\n       110 032.                                  )\n\n\n\n\n\n    5) The Commissioner,                         )\n\n       Brihan Mumbai Municipal Corporation )\n\n       Mahapalika Marg, Mumbai - 400 001. )..         ....     Respondents. \n\n\n\n\n                                                     ::: Downloaded on - 09\/06\/2013 13:37:11 :::\n                                                 3\n\n\n\n\n                                                                                      \n    The petitioner No.2 present-in-person.\n    Mr. Pradeep Jadhav, AGP for Respondent No.1.\n\n\n\n\n                                                              \n    Mr. Abhay Patki for Respondent No.2.\n    Mr. Rajiv Chavan with Ms. Rutuja Ambekar for Respondent No.3.\n    Mr. C. M.Lokesh for Respondent No.4.\n    Ms. Ajit Kumar for Respondent No.5.\n\n\n\n\n                                                             \n                                         CORAM :   BILAL NAZKI  and\n                                                                  \n                                                   A. P. DESHPANDE, JJ.\n\n\n\n\n                                                \n                                  RESERVED ON:                  9TH APRIL, 2008.\n                                igPRONOUNCED ON :    22ND JULY, 2008.\n                                              (In Chamber at 2.45 p.m.)\n\n    JUDGMENT (Per Bilal Nazki,J.) :\n<\/pre>\n
           This petition was filed in public interest claiming various reliefs. The<\/p>\n
    matter has been pending in Court for a long time and when the matter was<\/p>\n
    taken up by this Bench on 30th  January, 2008 we had directed the Chief<\/p>\n
    Secretary Respondent No.1 and Respondent No.5 Corporation to file their<\/p>\n
    respective  affidavits  for   the  reasons  given  in the  order  itself.   There  are<\/p>\n
    many reliefs claimed by the petitioners. We have heard petitioner No.2 in<\/p>\n
    person and the learned Counsel appearing for the respondents. Some of<\/p>\n
    the reliefs claimed are the reliefs which could not be granted because they<\/p>\n
    relate   to   geographical   areas   which   are   outside   the   jurisdiction  of   this<\/p>\n
    Court. Therefore, the petitioner made a submission that he will confine<\/p>\n
    this petition to the reliefs claimed for the areas which fall within the State<\/p>\n
                                                              ::: Downloaded on – 09\/06\/2013 13:37:11 :::<\/span>
\n                                               4<\/span><\/p>\n
    of Maharashtra. The said reliefs are :\n<\/p>\n
         (a) To immediately ban the  practice of immersion of any idols of
\n             gods,   goddesses,   tajia   or   otherwise   under   religious  rituals  or
\n             under   any   other   pretext   in   natural  streams  as   defined   under
\n             section   2   of   The  Water   (Prevention   and   Control   of   Pollution)<\/p>\n
             Act, 1974;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         (b) The   respondents   to   provide  adequate   inspection   and   nuisance
\n             detection   machinery   on   the   Juhu   beach   and   other  natural<\/p>\n
             streams against people throwing puja nirmalya and plastic bags
\n             and punish them as per rules;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         (c)  The 1st and 5th respondents to construct adequate no. of toilets at
\n              the stretch of the beach between Santacruz and Khar Danda with
\n              adequate quantity of water supply;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         (e) To immediately ban the immersion of full or half burnt bones of
\n             dead   bodies   (Asthi   Visarjan)   or   ashes   thereof   in   the   Water
\n             Streams as defined under The Water (Prevention and Control of<\/p>\n
             Pollution) Act, 1974;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         (f)   To   ban   the   mass   or   community   bathing   during   auspicious
\n               religious   occasions   such   as   Kumbha   Melas,   Chhath   Parvas,
\n               Ekadashis, Shravan Mondays, etc. in the natural water springs
\n               under   the   scriptural   edicts   and   under   the   provisions   of   The<\/p>\n
               Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and also
\n               under Article 48-A and 51-A of the Constitution of India;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         (g) To ban the   use of water bodies and  their banks  for  washing
\n             anything,   bathing  cattle,   discharging   faeces,   excreta   and<\/p>\n
             urinating;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         (h) To appoint the committee of experts for exploring the possibility
\n             of setting up a water treatment plant of appropriate size at the
\n             mouth of Mithi river in the Mahim creek for discharge of treated
\n             water;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         (i)   To order all industries discharging effluents in Mithi River and<\/p>\n
                                                            ::: Downloaded on – 09\/06\/2013 13:37:11 :::<\/span>
\n                                                5<\/span><\/p>\n
               such other rivers across the country to set up water treatment
\n               plants   of   appropriate   sizes   to   treat   the   effluents   before<\/p>\n
               discharging the same into water bodies.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         (j)   To punish the officials and employees of the Respondents under
\n               the appropriate rules not performing their duty in protecting the<\/p>\n
               environment and more particularly the  natural water resource
\n               under their respective jurisdiction.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         (k) To   levy   the   penalty   to   the   people   and   the   owners   of   the<\/p>\n
             industries   under   Section   15   of   The   Environment   (Protection)
\n             Act, 1986, violating the provisions of The Water (Prevention and
\n             Control   of   Pollution)   Act,   1974   and   other   the   closure   of<\/p>\n
             industrial units not complying the norms and standards required
\n             under the said Acts.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         (l)   To   make   environment   as   compulsory   subject   in   schools   and
\n               colleges as  ordered  by the Supreme Court in M. C. Mehta V\/s
\n               Union of India, AIR 1992 SC 382.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         (m) The Honourable Court to recommend, if thought fit to the 1st
\n             and   3rd  respondent   to   enact   a   legislation   for   setting   up<\/p>\n
             environment   protection   commissions   at   national,   state   and
\n             district level headed by retired judges and judicial officers with
\n             powers to watch, monitor and give directions to the Central and
\n             State pollution boards on their working and also with powers to<\/p>\n
             receive complaints from the public on environment violations to
\n             deal with and resolve the same. ”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    2.     The first relief claimed is that this court should ban the practice of<\/p>\n
    immersion   of   any   idols   of   gods,   goddesses,   tajia   or   otherwise   under<\/p>\n
    religious   rituals   or   under   any   other   pretext   in   natural   streams.   The<\/p>\n
    petitioner has taken us to various religious scriptures to canvass that the<\/p>\n
                                                            ::: Downloaded on – 09\/06\/2013 13:37:11 :::<\/span>
\n                                                 6<\/span><\/p>\n
    immersion of idols in river cannot be justified on any count. According to<\/p>\n
    the petitioner in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region alone about 1,50,000<\/p>\n
    Ganesh idols are immersed in rivers, wells, lakes and sea every year during<\/p>\n
    10 days Ganpati festival in the month of September. Out of these 1,50,000<\/p>\n
    Ganesh idols about 1,00,000 come to the share of the Mumbai beaches.\n<\/p>\n
    These idols measure from 2 ft. to 20 ft. in height which are made of plaster<\/p>\n
    of paris mixed with several ingredients and paints  which are poisonous<\/p>\n
    and fatal to marine life.   Then he has contended in his petition that all<\/p>\n
    religions   preach   love,   compassion   and   non-violence,   particularly   Hindu<\/p>\n
    and Jain religions. The ban on cow slaughter is the state policy and due to<\/p>\n
    intense agitation and fasting by some Jain munis against new slaughter<\/p>\n
    houses   the   Union   Government   had   to   shelve   the   project.   He   also<\/p>\n
    contended   that   Ganpati   Bappa,   so   merciful   and   kind   will   hate   a   pooja<\/p>\n
    destroying marine life.\n<\/p>\n
    3.     So   many   reliefs   have   been   claimed   as   is   pointed   out   above.   The<\/p>\n
    petitioner   appears   to   be   mainly   concerned   with   the   immersion   of   the<\/p>\n
    Ganesh idols during Ganpati festival days. Then he has taken quotations<\/p>\n
    from Mahabharat and Ramayan and according to the shloka no. 95:17-18<\/p>\n
    excerpted from Ramayan in Sanskrit and as per the translation in English<\/p>\n
    given by the petitioner it appears to be a conversation between Lord Ram<\/p>\n
                                                              ::: Downloaded on – 09\/06\/2013 13:37:11 :::<\/span>
\n                                                  7<\/span><\/p>\n
    and Sita and according to it, Lord Ram says to Sita – “O Sita, sitting with<\/p>\n
    you in this wonderful place, eating these sweet fruits and roots, neither do<\/p>\n
    I want to return to Ayodhya nor do I desire a kingdom. The bank of this<\/p>\n
    Mandakini river, frequented by elephants, where lions and monkeys come<\/p>\n
    to drink water, decorated and lined by flower laden trees it is impossible<\/p>\n
    that person does not forget sorrow and feels happy”. He has referred to<\/p>\n
    various   other   religious   authorities   to   suggest   that   the   pollution   of<\/p>\n
    atmosphere   and  water   bodies  was   against   every   religion,   particularly<\/p>\n
    Hinduism.  He  also   quoted  the  scripture,  which  says:   “On  arrival  at   the<\/p>\n
    sacred  waters   of   the  Ganga,  thirteen  practices   are  forbidden.  They  are:\n<\/p>\n
    defecation, washing of person, hands or sacred vessels, ablution, discharge<\/p>\n
    of water, throwing of used floral offerings, rubbing filth, body shampooing,<\/p>\n
    joking   \/   merry   making,   frolicking,   acceptance   of   donations,   obscenity,<\/p>\n
    offering   inappropriate   hymns\/praises,   discarding   garments,   beating   and<\/p>\n
    swimming across”.\n<\/p>\n
    4.     The counter affidavit filed by the Chief Secretary says, nobody can<\/p>\n
    justify the pollution of atmosphere or of water bodies.  This court will not<\/p>\n
    be   in   a   position   to   decide   about   what   a   religion   permits   and   what   a<\/p>\n
    religion does not permit. But the public sentiments and the public interest<\/p>\n
    sometimes  do  not  go  hand-in-hand   and  at   times  it  is  found  difficult to<\/p>\n
                                                                ::: Downloaded on – 09\/06\/2013 13:37:11 :::<\/span>
\n                                                 8<\/span><\/p>\n
    reconcile between two and it is always necessary in such situations that the<\/p>\n
    Government handle the matter in a way which would ultimately serve the<\/p>\n
    public   purpose.   The   Union   of   India   has   filed   an   affidavit   through   the<\/p>\n
    Additional   Director   in   the   Ministry   of   Environment   and   Forests.   It   is<\/p>\n
    submitted in his  affidavit  that the pollution caused by the immersion of<\/p>\n
    idols is not disputed. He has further stated that the Central Government is<\/p>\n
    seized  of   the  matter   and   is  taking  further  steps   to  evolve guidelines at<\/p>\n
    National level for the immersion of idols and other pooja materials during<\/p>\n
    festival and another occasions in the water bodies. The Chief Secretary in<\/p>\n
    his   affidavit   has   answered   point   by   point   the   assertions   made   in   the<\/p>\n
    petition and has also stated in his affidavit that after the court passed an<\/p>\n
    order on 30th  January, 2008 directing him to file an affidavit   a meeting<\/p>\n
    was held with concerned departments to put up a report to him. On the<\/p>\n
    basis of the said reports the affidavit was filed by the Chief Secretary. With<\/p>\n
    regard to the ill effects of water and noise pollution, the Chief Secretary<\/p>\n
    has maintained that creating public awareness would be as important as<\/p>\n
    implementation   of   laws.   But  unfortunately  the   Chief   Secretary   has   not<\/p>\n
    given any details about its programme of creating public awareness about<\/p>\n
    the pollution of water bodies and the environment in general. It is merely<\/p>\n
    stated   that   for   creating   public   awareness   print   and   electronic   media   is<\/p>\n
                                                              ::: Downloaded on – 09\/06\/2013 13:37:11 :::<\/span>
\n                                                9<\/span><\/p>\n
    being used. He has also stated that the environmental education is now<\/p>\n
    being imparted to the school children which is a welcome step.\n<\/p>\n
    5.     We expect that the Government would constitute a Committee and<\/p>\n
    divide the methodology by which the public shall be made aware about the<\/p>\n
    needs to protect the water bodies and the environment.\n<\/p>\n
    6.     As   there   is   no   dispute   that   the   pollution   must   be  controlled,<\/p>\n
    therefore,   some   reliefs   claimed   can   immediately   be   granted   such   as   a<\/p>\n
    direction to respondents to construct adequate number of ladies and gents<\/p>\n
    toilets   at  the  stretch  of  the  beach  between  Santacruz  and  Khar  Danda.\n<\/p>\n
    Therefore,   we   direct   that   the   State   Government   should   take   up   this<\/p>\n
    construction of toilets at the earliest.\n<\/p>\n
    7.     Other reliefs, mainly, are again with respect to the water bodies as<\/p>\n
    the petitioners seek a direction that there should be ban on the immersion<\/p>\n
    of full or half burnt bones of dead bodies or ashes in the water streams,<\/p>\n
    the  petitioners   claimed   that   there   should   not   be   mass   or   community<\/p>\n
    bathing   during   auspicious   religious   occasions   in   the   water   bodies.   The<\/p>\n
    Central Government in its counter affidavit has stated, as has been pointed<\/p>\n
    out hereinabove, that the Government is seized of the matter and is taking<\/p>\n
    further steps to evolve guidelines at National level for the immersion of<\/p>\n
    idols and other pooja materials during festival and another occasions in<\/p>\n
                                                            ::: Downloaded on – 09\/06\/2013 13:37:11 :::<\/span>
\n                                             10<\/span><\/p>\n
    the water bodies. We expect that the  Central Government will consider<\/p>\n
    laying down of guidelines for immersion of idols  and would also consider<\/p>\n
    related  matters  with regard to pollution of water bodies. Both the Union<\/p>\n
    Government   as   well   as   the   State   Government   shall   consider   it<\/p>\n
    expeditiously  because   the   time   lost  involving  the  pollution  might  prove<\/p>\n
    dangerous for environment of the country in long run.\n<\/p>\n
    8.    With the above directions, the writ petition is disposed of.\n<\/p>\n
                              ig                           Sd\/-\n                            \n                                                    (BILAL NAZKI, J.)\n\n                                                           Sd\/\n       \n\n\n                                                    (A. P. DESHPANDE, J.)\n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n                                                         ::: Downloaded on - 09\/06\/2013 13:37:11 :::<\/span>\n <\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bombay High Court Janhit Manch vs The State Of Maharashtra on 22 July, 2008 Bench: Bilal Nazki, A.P. Deshpande 1 IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION PIL WRIT PETITION NO. 1325 OF 2003 1) Janhit Manch ) Through its President Bhagvanji ) Raiyani, Kuber Bhuvan, Bajaj ig ) Road, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-208694","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bombay-high-court","category-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nJanhit Manch vs The State Of Maharashtra on 22 July, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/janhit-manch-vs-the-state-of-maharashtra-on-22-july-2008\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Janhit Manch vs The State Of Maharashtra on 22 July, 2008 - 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