{"id":214319,"date":"1998-07-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1998-07-26T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/dhanpatmal-virmani-vs-j-d-kapoor-on-27-july-1998"},"modified":"2018-04-12T06:03:22","modified_gmt":"2018-04-12T00:33:22","slug":"dhanpatmal-virmani-vs-j-d-kapoor-on-27-july-1998","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/dhanpatmal-virmani-vs-j-d-kapoor-on-27-july-1998","title":{"rendered":"Dhanpatmal Virmani vs J.D.Kapoor on 27 July, 1998"},"content":{"rendered":"
Delhi High Court<\/div>\n
Dhanpatmal Virmani vs J.D.Kapoor on 27 July, 1998<\/div>\n
Equivalent citations: 1998 VAD Delhi 79, 74 (1998) DLT 556, 1998 (46) DRJ 550<\/div>\n
Author: K Ramamoorthy<\/div>\n
Bench: K Ramamoorthy<\/div>\n<\/p>\n
<\/pre>\n
ORDER<\/p>\n
 K. Ramamoorthy, J.<\/p>\n
1.     The  management  of  a school is represented by the  petitioners  1  & 2(hereafter  called  the ‘management’). The management has filed  the  writ petition  challenging the order of the Delhi School Tribunal dated the  5th of  September,  1995. Besides challenging the order of  the  tribunal,  the management has also challenged the constitutional alidity of Delhi School Education Act, 1972 and also the order of the  Director of  Education dated the 31st of August, 1989, by which the Deputy  Director of Education had not approved the penalty of removal imposed on the  fourth respondent,  Shri Radhey Shyam Gupta. The facts necessary for the  disposal of the writ petition could be stated very briefly in the following terms:\n<\/p>\n
2.   The  management  directed disciplinary action against  the  respondent No.4 and the management held an inquiry and, eventually, imposed the penalty  of removal from service and on the 16th of September, 1988, as per  the provisions of the Delhi School Education Act, 1972, sought the approval  of Section  8(2) of the D the Director of Education to give effect to the order of removal. That  was refused  by  the  Director of Education and the same was  conveyed  to  the management by order dated the 31st of August, 1989.\n<\/p>\n
3.   The  management sought review of the order of the Deputy  Director  of Education  by  approaching the Lt.Governor and the  Director  of  Education exercising  power  of review, by order dated the 22nd of  September,  1991, reviewed  the earlier order passed on the 31st of August, 1989 and  granted approval to the management. Against this order, the fourth respondent filed an appeal to the Delhi School Tribunal in Appeal No.7\/92.\n<\/p>\n
4.   By  order dated the 5th of September, 1995, the Delhi School  Tribunal allowed  the  appeal and directed the fourth respondent to  be  treated  in service  throughout and also directed the grant of all consequential  benefits to the fourth respondent. The management has filed the writ  petition, as I noticed above, claiming the reliefs.\n<\/p>\n
5.   Mr.S.N.Bhandari,  the  learned counsel for the  management,  submitted that  the tribunal had committed a serious error in allowing the appeal  as while  granting approval, the authority concerned was not obliged  to  give any reason or opportunity to the concerned teacher, and therefore, the view taken by the tribunal is not in accordance with law. The second  submission of  Mr.S.N.Bhandari, the learned counsel for the management, was that  sub-Section 8 (2) of the Act gives right of appeal only to the employee and  to the  management  and  the provision is violative of  Article  19(1)(g)  and Article  14  of  the  Constitution  of  India.  The  third  submission   by Mr.S.N.Bhandari,  the learned counsel, was that while passing an  order  on the  31st of August, 1989 refusing to grant approval, no reasons have  been given  by the Director and inasmuch as it was a cryptic order and  it  does not in accordance with law and it was liable to be set aside.\n<\/p>\n
6.   I  shall take up the first point about the order granting approval  by the  Director of Education dated the 22nd of November, 1991  reviewing  the earlier  order dated the 31st of August, 1989. Under the provisions of  the Delhi  School  Education Act, 1972, there is no  provision  empowering  the Director of Education to review his own order. It is well settled that  the power  to review must be provided in the statute concerned and if no  power is  vested with the authority to review its own order, the power to  review can  never be exercised. Therefore, the order of the Director of  Education dated the 22nd of November, 1991, reviewing the earlier orders, was without any authority of law and, therefore, it is wholly void in law and it cannot be  sustained. Therefore, the Delhi School Tribunal was fully justified  in setting aside the order of the Director of Education.\n<\/p>\n
7.   The  learned  counsel for the management,  Mr.S.N.Bhandari,  submitted that the provisions of Section 8, in so far as it denies right of appeal to the  management,  is  contrary to Article 14 and Article  19(1)(g)  of  the Constitution  of India. The relevant averments relating to  this  challenge are as follows:-\n<\/p>\n
     “A challenge is also made to the constitutional validity of  sub-Section  (2) and (3) of Section 8 of the DELHI  SCHOOL  EDUCATION ACT,  1973,  in that, the said provisions being  unreasonable  as well as onerous, are violative of Articles 19(1)(g) and 14 of the Constitution  of  India. In the submissions of  the  petitioners, these  provisions cannot be treated as  reasonable  restrictions, saved  by Clause (6). The SINE QUA NON for prior approval of  the Director of Education, in specified cases of disciplinary action, against  the delinquent employees, effect the autonomy and  bonafide  judicious discretion of the School Authorities  in  matters  which are legitimately and solely within its province.  Strangely enough, in matters of disciplinary cases, these provisions do not  lay  down any guideline to control the discretion of the  Governmental  Authorities,  while granting and\/or  refusing  to  accord approval for the action to be taken against the erring employees. Unguided and arbitrary powers have been given to the Governmental Authority’s  decision  to sit in judgment over  the  Disciplinary Authority’s  decision  to take disciplinary action  and  such  an interference is wholly unreasonable, uncalled for and  unwarranted.  It may not be out of placed to point out that  these  provisions  permit  the  Government Authorities  to  pass  capricious, whimsical and one sided orders without actually providing  guidelines  and without providing for rectification of the  Orders  by any  Higher Authority, either by way of appeal or revision in  so far  as the School-Managements, are concerned. In the  submission of the petitioners-herein, there is every likelihood of the power being  misused and\/or abused. Even in a case,  the  “disciplinary Authority” makes out a good case, it is possible for the  Governmental  Authorities  to refuse to grant approval by  giving  some reasons. In so far as the Disciplinary Authorities, operating  in schools  are concerned, there is no higher  authority  prescribed and\/or notified in the Section who could examine the propriety or reasons  given  and\/or to revise and review the decision  of  the concerned  Governmental Authorities. The reasons to  be  recorded are  only for the personal and\/or subjective satisfaction of  the Governmental Authorities and not for furnishing any remedy to the aggrieved school-management. In absence of guidelines, there  are no  means  to find out whether the reasons given for  refusal  to approve  the  tentative decision of the School  Authorities,  are proper  and  germane. As already submitted, there  is  no  Higher Authority  prescribed  in  the section which  could  examine  the propriety  or reasons given and revise or review the decision  of the  Authority  and the reasons to be recorded are only  for  its personal or subjective satisfaction.\n<\/p>\n
     It may be relevant to point out that against the decision of  the Director of Education, declining to accord approval, there is  no right  of  appeal  provided. The  employer\/school  management  is without any remedy to challenge even an arbitrary decision of the Director  of  Education, with-holding the  approval  in  bonafide cases. On the contrary, if approval is granted, an erring employee can go in for appeal. No remedy is, however, available to  the School  Management,  which is virtually the other  party  to  the dispute.  Suffice  it to say that there is no  provision  to  set right  an  arbitrary exercise of the powers of  the  Director  of Education,  in so far as the School Managements,  are  concerned.  Even  otherwise, there is no infrastructure or inbuilt  procedure for proper working of this sub-Section (2) and (3). No time limit has  been prescribed, for granting or refusing approval  and  the provisions do not contemplate enquiry or hearing and no statutory procedure is prescribed.”\n<\/p>\n
8.   The challenge by the management of sub-Sections 2 & 3 of Section 8  is not  at all justified. Firstly, the management allowed the order dated  the 31st of August, 1989 of the Deputy Director of Education refusing to  grant approval  to become final, the management sought review of the  order  when the authority had no power of review. Secondly, having allowed the order of refusal  of approval to become final, the management cannot seek  to  challenge after the tribunal had dealt with the matter. Further, the  provision had been made for the benefit of the teachers. If the Director of Education refused  to grant approval, the Management can always have recourse to  the remedy under Article 226 of the Constitution of India. The submission  that
\nthere  is  discrimination is without any force. The Supreme Court  in  “The State of West Bengal Vs. Anwar Ali Sarkar & Another”,
\n“Frank  Anthony Public School Employees’ Association Vs. Union of  India  & Others”,  , had laid down the scope of Article  14  of  the Constitution  of India and I am not able to see any discrimination  in  the provisions  of  sub-Sections (2) and (3) of Section 8 of the  Delhi  School Education  Act, 1973. In my view, in the light of the principles laid  down by  the  Supreme Court of India, the attack on sub-Sections (2)  &  (3)  of Section 8 of the Delhi School Education Act, 1973. is not tenable. I  have, therefore, no hesitation in rejecting the contention.\n<\/p>\n
9.   The third submission that the Director of Education had not given  any reasons  for refusing of approval on the 31st of August, 1989,  and  therefore,  it is bad in law, is also not a valid ground. If an approval is  not granted by the Director of Education, the management cannot give effect  to its order of removal unless it is challenged, and the management cannot  go against that order. The Director of Education, while dealing with  application for approval, is not obliged to go into the merits of the  contentions of the management and the employee. The Director of Education had to have a prima  facie  view of the matter. Therefore, the management cannot  now  be heard  to say, after having attempted to get the order reviewed,  that  the order dated the 31st of August, 1989, refusing to grant approval, is  vitiated. The object of vesting such power with the Director of Education is to protect  the employees being unnecessarily harassed by the management.  Six years  after the order was passed and that too, after the order  passed  by the Delhi School Tribunal, the management cannot challenge the order  dated the 31st of August, 1989.\n<\/p>\n
10.  For the foregoing reasons, I do not find any merits in the writ  petition. Accordingly, it stands dismissed.\n<\/p>\n
11.  There shall be no orders as to costs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Delhi High Court Dhanpatmal Virmani vs J.D.Kapoor on 27 July, 1998 Equivalent citations: 1998 VAD Delhi 79, 74 (1998) DLT 556, 1998 (46) DRJ 550 Author: K Ramamoorthy Bench: K Ramamoorthy ORDER K. Ramamoorthy, J. 1. The management of a school is represented by the petitioners 1 & 2(hereafter called the ‘management’). The management has […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-214319","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-delhi-high-court","category-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nDhanpatmal Virmani vs J.D.Kapoor on 27 July, 1998 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/dhanpatmal-virmani-vs-j-d-kapoor-on-27-july-1998\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dhanpatmal Virmani vs J.D.Kapoor on 27 July, 1998 - 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