{"id":217095,"date":"2009-05-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-05-11T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pralhad-ors-vs-deorao-ors-on-12-may-2009"},"modified":"2016-09-03T23:57:25","modified_gmt":"2016-09-03T18:27:25","slug":"pralhad-ors-vs-deorao-ors-on-12-may-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pralhad-ors-vs-deorao-ors-on-12-may-2009","title":{"rendered":"Pralhad & Ors vs Deorao & Ors on 12 May, 2009"},"content":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n
Pralhad & Ors vs Deorao & Ors on 12 May, 2009<\/div>\n
Author: S Sinha<\/div>\n
Bench: S.B. Sinha, Cyriac Joseph<\/div>\n
                                                          REPORTABLE\n\n          IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA\n\n          CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION\n\n        CIVIL APPEAL NO. 3493               OF 2009\n         (Arising out of SLP (C) No. 13290 of 2008)\n\nPRALHAD & ORS.                              ... APPELLANTS\n\n                        VERSUS\n\n\n\n\nDEORAO & ORS.                              ... RESPONDENTS\n\n                           WITH\n        CIVIL APPEAL NO. 3494               OF 2009\n         (Arising out of SLP (C) No. 15898 of 2008)\n\nSTATE OF MAHARASHTRA & ORS.               ...APPELLANTS\n\n                        VERSUS\n\nDEORAO & ORS.                           ...RESPONDENTS\n                                   2\n\n\n\n                            JUDGMENT\n<\/pre>\n
S.B. Sinha, J.\n<\/p>\n
1.      Leave granted.\n<\/p>\n
2.      These appeals are directed against a judgment and order dated<\/p>\n
6.5.2008 passed by a Division Bench of the High Court of Judicature at<\/p>\n
Bombay bench at Aurangabad in Writ Petition No. 1056 of 2006 whereby<\/p>\n
and whereunder the Writ Petition filed by the first respondent herein was<\/p>\n
allowed.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.      Respondent No. 3 is a society registered under the Maharashtra<\/p>\n
Cooperative Societies Act, 1960 (for short, “the Act”). It was registered<\/p>\n
on or about 4.12.1991. The State of Maharashtra is said to have been<\/p>\n
holding share capital of Rs.26 lakhs therein. Its contribution is said to be<\/p>\n
running into several crores of rupees. No effort, however, was made for<\/p>\n
running and managing its affairs for a long time. As no action had been<\/p>\n
taken for the said purpose, no share was collected and no meeting was<\/p>\n
held.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.      On or about 6.6.1995, the State of Maharashtra appointed a first<\/p>\n
Committee to manage the affairs of the society consisting of 13 persons<\/p>\n
for a period of three years. The said Committee is also said to have taken
\n                                  3<\/span><\/p>\n
no step for effective functioning of the said cooperative society. No plant<\/p>\n
and machinery was acquired nor any other step was taken for erection of<\/p>\n
the mill. The term of the said Committee was extended by an order dated<\/p>\n
6.7.1998 upto 3.6.2000. It was continued till 2002.<\/p>\n
5.    The Assistant Registrar, Cooperative Society, Vasamat was<\/p>\n
thereafter appointed as an Administrator. It is stated that some plants and<\/p>\n
machinery had been purchased in the year 2000 but they had been lying<\/p>\n
idle. Theft of articles belonging to the society had also taken place on<\/p>\n
several occasions. Indisputably, since 1994 no election was held. It is<\/p>\n
stated that on or about 23.12.2004, a Special General Meeting was<\/p>\n
convened wherein a request was made to the State to grant financial<\/p>\n
assistance. A request was also made to appoint an Administrative Board.<\/p>\n
It was furthermore resolved that no election be held unless the respondent<\/p>\n
No. 3 – cooperative society becomes functional.       Pursuant thereto, a<\/p>\n
proposal was forwarded to the Director of Handloom, Nagpur which in<\/p>\n
turn was sent to the Department of Textile of the State of Maharashtra on<\/p>\n
or about 18.1.2005.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
6.    The State Government sanctioned a sum of Rs.544 lakhs towards<\/p>\n
erection of the spinning mill as the Government share capital.
\n                                     4<\/span><\/p>\n
7.        First Respondent filed a Writ Petition before the High Court, which<\/p>\n
was marked as Writ Petition No. 1056 of 2006, inter alia, for a direction<\/p>\n
upon the respondent No.5 herein to conduct election of the Board of<\/p>\n
Directors of the Society within a fixed time frame. The said writ petition<\/p>\n
was subsequently amended and a further prayer was added for quashing<\/p>\n
and setting aside an order dated 29.6.2007 passed by the respondent No. 6<\/p>\n
herein appointing a nominated Board of Administrators of the Society till<\/p>\n
19.6.2009.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
8.        Indisputably, the State of Maharashtra during pendency of the said<\/p>\n
Writ Petition issued a Government Order dated 27.06.2007, which was<\/p>\n
not produced before the High Court.        However, after the judgment was<\/p>\n
reserved, the State had produced before us a copy of the said order dated<\/p>\n
27.6.2007 issued by the Desk Officer, Cooperation Marketing & Textile<\/p>\n
Department, Government of Maharashtra, which is to the following<\/p>\n
effect:\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                “No. : Spinning    Mill  1407\/PK69\/Tex.1(V)
\n                       Mantralaya, Mumbai    –   32,    Dt.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
                       27.06.2007<\/p>\n
                Sub: Appointment of Administrative Board to
\n                     the Rokdeshwar Sahakari Soot Girni Ltd.
\n                     Basamathnagar.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
                Ref.: Your    letter  No. Desk-6(4)A\/Soot
\n                      Giri\/7641\/2007 dated 11th May 2007.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\n                      5<\/span><\/p>\n
       The Administrative Board appointed by
\nthe State Government vide order dated
\n04.10.2005 to the Rokdeshwar Sahakari Soot
\nGirni Ltd., Basantnagar is hereby dissolved, and
\nin exercise of powers u\/s 157 of the
\nMaharashtra Cooperative Societies Act, 1960
\nthe    State    Government          has   appointed
\nAdministrative Board of following persons, who
\nare eligible for appointment as Administrator,
\nfor a period of 2 years i.e. till 19.06.2009.\n<\/p>\n
\"Sr.             Name                   Address\nNo.\n1.      Shri Prahlad Ramrao      R\/o Aral Tal.\n        Rakhude                  Basmat District\n                                 Hingoli.\n\n2.      Shri Chandrakant @       R\/o Vabhulgaon,\n        Rajendra Ramakant        Tal. Basmat, Dist.\n        Navghere                 Hingoli.\n\n3.      Shri Rajesh @ Raju       R\/o Kurunda, Tal.\n        Niranjan Ingole.         Basmat Dist.\n                                 Hingoli.\n\n4.      Shri Kaluram Devji       R\/o Sirli, Tal.\n        Kurunde                  Basmat Dist.\n                                 Hingoli\n\n5.      Shri Chandramuni         R\/o Chikhli, Tal.\n        Namdev Mhaske.           Basmat Dist.\n                                 Hingoli\"\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n
2.     An amount of Rs.1.50 Lakhs was given to
\nsoot Girni by Purna Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana
\nfor purchase of shares of Soot Girni however,
\nthe said amount was taken back by members of
\npurna S.S.K. Ltd. Now it is the responsibility of
\nnew Administrative Board to see that the said
\n                                 6<\/span><\/p>\n
            amount of Rs.1.50 lakhs is transferred back to
\n            soot Girni.”\n<\/p>\n
      The Director of Textiles, Government of Maharashtra, respondent<\/p>\n
No. 6 herein, thereafter issued an order on or about 29.6.2007, which<\/p>\n
reads as under:\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            “In exercise of powers under Section
\n            78(1)(a)(ii) of the Maharashtra Coop. Societies
\n            Act, 1960 and in exercise of powers under
\n            Maharashtra Government, Agriculture and
\n            Cooperation Department, Mumbai, Govt.
\n            Resolution No. CSG\/1071\/C3 dated 22.3.1972
\n            and in exercise of powers under Government
\n            Resolution No. CSL-1493\/1162\/CR-47\/15-C
\n            dated 7.8.1993 of Government of Maharashtra
\n            Cooperation and Textile Department and in
\n            accordance with Government order dated
\n            27.6.2007, I, Vijay Kavare, Director Textile and
\n            Addl. Registrar Coop. Societies, Maharashtra
\n            State, Nagpur, hereby appoint an Administrative
\n            Board of five members in supersession of earlier
\n            Board of Directors appointed to the
\n            Rokadeshwar, Sahakari Soot Girni Maryadit,
\n            Vasmatnagar, Hingoli as per Government order
\n            dated 4.10.2005 and order dated 5.6.2006 of the
\n            Directorate. In accordance with the order dated
\n            27.6.2007 of the State Government in exercise
\n            of powers under Section 157 of the Maharashtra
\n            Coop. Societies Act, 1960 the term of the
\n            Administrative Board shall be till 19.6.2009.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
            \"Sr.            Name                 Address\n            No.\n\n            1.     Shri Prahlad Ramrao     R\/o Aral Tal.\n                                   7<\/span>\n\n                     Rakhude                 Basmat District\n                                             Hingoli.\n\n             2.      Shri Chandrakant @      R\/o Vabhulgaon,\n                     Rajendra Ramakant       Tal. Basmat, Dist.\n                     Navghere                Hingoli.\n\n             3.      Shri Rajesh @ Raju      R\/o Kurunda, Tal.\n                     Niranjan Ingole.        Basmat Dist.\n                                             Hingoli.\n\n             4.      Shri Kaluram Devji      R\/o Sirki, Tal.\n                     Kurunde                 Basmat Dist.\n                                             Hingoli\n\n             5.      Shri Chandramuni        R\/o Chikhli, Tal.\n                     Namdev Mhaske.          Basmat Dist.\n                                             Hingoli\"\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n
             Administrative Board shall exercise all the
\n             powers of the Board of Directors as per the by-
\n             laws of the Spinning Mill and they shall
\n             discharge their duties under the supervision of
\n             Directorate. It is the responsibility of the newly
\n             appointed administrative board to persuade the
\n             members of the Purna Coop. Sugar Factory to
\n             secure redeposit Rs.150.00 lacs amount, which
\n             was withdrawn, by the said members of Purna
\n             Sakhar Karkhana from the Spinning Mill.”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
9.    By reason of the impugned judgment, the High Court quashed the<\/p>\n
said order dated 29.6.2007 directing the appellants herein to hold the<\/p>\n
election of the said Society.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
10.   Appellants are, thus, before us.\n<\/p>\n
                                  8<\/span><\/p>\n
11.   Mr. Shekhar Naphade, learned Senior Counsel appearing on behalf<\/p>\n
of appellants would contend that the High Court committed a serious<\/p>\n
error in passing the impugned judgment insofar it failed to take into<\/p>\n
consideration that as in terms of Section 157 of the Act, the State<\/p>\n
Government has the legislative power to exempt societies from the<\/p>\n
provisions thereof, the question of applicability of Section 73 (1A) (b)<\/p>\n
thereof does not arise. It was urged that the power conferred by Section<\/p>\n
157 being a power of delegated legislation, the State of Maharashtra was<\/p>\n
entitled to exercise the same at any point of time and unless and until the<\/p>\n
same was declared to be ultra vires, the directions to hold elections could<\/p>\n
not have been issued.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
12.   Dr. R.R. Deshpande, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the<\/p>\n
respondents, however, supported the impugned judgment.<\/p>\n
13.   The Act was enacted to consolidate and amend the law relating to<\/p>\n
cooperative societies in the State of Maharashtra. It was enacted with a<\/p>\n
view to providing for the orderly development of the co-operative<\/p>\n
movement in the State of Maharashtra in accordance with the relevant<\/p>\n
directive principles of State policy enunciated in the Constitution of<\/p>\n
India. Chapter VI of the Act provides for property and fund of Societies.<\/p>\n
Chapter VII thereof provides for management of Societies. Section 72
\n                                   9<\/span><\/p>\n
mandates that the final authority of every society shall vest in the general<\/p>\n
body of members in general meeting, summoned in such a manner as may<\/p>\n
be specified in the by-laws. Section 73 of the Act provides that the<\/p>\n
management of every society shall vest in a committee, constituted in<\/p>\n
accordance with the Act, the rules and by-laws, which shall exercise such<\/p>\n
powers and perform such duties as may be conferred or imposed<\/p>\n
respectively by the Act, the rules and the by-laws framed thereunder.<\/p>\n
Section 73 (1AB) makes the members of the Committee jointly and<\/p>\n
severally responsible for all the decisions taken by the committee during<\/p>\n
its term relating to the business of the society. Sub-Section (1A) of<\/p>\n
Section 73 of the Act, however, provides for a non-obstante clause. It<\/p>\n
reads as under:-\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
             “(1A) Notwithstanding anything contained in
\n             this Act, the rules made thereunder or in the
\n             bye-laws of any society or class of societies,–\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
                    (a) the first general meeting of a
\n             society shall be convened within three months
\n             from the date of its registration to appoint a
\n             provisional committee and to transact other
\n             business as may be prescribed. The term of the
\n             members of such provisional committee shall be
\n             for a period of one year from the date on which
\n             it has been first appointed or till the date on
\n             which a regular committee is duly constituted in
\n             accordance with the provisions of the rules or
\n             bye-laws made under this Act, whichever is
\n             earlier; and all the members of such provisional
\n             committee shall vacate office on the date of
\n                      10<\/span><\/p>\n
expiry of such period or such constitution of the
\ncommittee.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
       (b) notwithstanding              anything
\ncontained in clause (a), the provisional
\ncommittees for the Co-operative Sugar Factories
\nand Co-operative Spinning Mills and such other
\nclass of societies, as the State Government may,
\nby special or general order, in the Official
\nGazette, specify in this behalf, shall be
\nappointed by the State Government; and the
\nmembers thereof shall hold office for a period
\nof three years, which period may be extended by
\none year, at a time, so however that, the total
\nperiod shall not exceed five years, in the
\naggregate:\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
       Provided that, the State Government shall
\nhave the power to change or reconstitute such
\ncommittee or, any or all members thereof at its
\ndiscretion even before the expiry of the period
\nfor which a member or members were
\nnominated thereon:\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
      Provided further that, the member or
\nmembers assuming office on such change or
\nreconstitution of the committee shall hold office
\nfor the period for which the provisional
\ncommittee has been appointed under this clause.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
      (c) pending the first constitution of the
\ncommittee of a society, the provisional
\ncommittee of the society shall exercise the
\npowers and perform the duties of the committee
\nof such society as provided in this Act, the rules
\nand bye-laws and make necessary arrangements
\nfor holding election of the committee, before the
\nexpiry of its term.”\n<\/p>\n
                                     11<\/span><\/p>\n
        Section 157 of the Act, however, empowers the State by general or<\/p>\n
special order to exempt any society or class of societies other than co-<\/p>\n
operative credit structure entity from any of the provisions of Act, or of<\/p>\n
the rules made thereunder, and\/or to direct that such provisions would<\/p>\n
apply to such society or class of societies other than co-operative credit<\/p>\n
structure entity with such modifications not affecting the substance<\/p>\n
thereof as may be specified therein.        The proviso appended thereto,<\/p>\n
however, provides that no order to the prejudice of any society shall be<\/p>\n
passed, without an opportunity being given to such society to represent its<\/p>\n
case.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
14.     The Act was evidently enacted for the purpose of giving effect to<\/p>\n
the cooperative movement. It based on a constitutional policy.<\/p>\n
        Clauses (b) and (c) of Article 39 of the Constitution of India read<\/p>\n
as under:\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                “39. Certain principles of policy to be
\n                followed by the State.–The State shall, in
\n                particular, direct its policy towards securing–\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
(a)         ..........\n\n(b)        that the ownership and control of the material\n<\/pre>\n
        resources of the community are so distributed as best
\n        to subserve the common good;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
                                   12<\/span><\/p>\n
(c)      that the operation of the economic system does not
\nresult in the concentration of wealth and means of
\nproduction to the common detriment;”\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
         The preamble of the Act clearly shows that the same was enacted<\/p>\n
with a view to give effect to the provisions contained in Part IV of the<\/p>\n
Constitution of India. Indisputably, the State is empowered under the Act<\/p>\n
to issue a general or special order directing exemption from application of<\/p>\n
the provisions of the Act. It must, however, be done in an exceptional<\/p>\n
situation. An order by the State providing for a power of delegated<\/p>\n
legislation must be exercised in the manner laid down therein. An order<\/p>\n
in terms of Section 157 of the Act must be issued in terms of the<\/p>\n
provisions contained in Article 162 of the Constitution of India.<\/p>\n
15.      Mr. Naphade submitted that while considering a similar provision,<\/p>\n
a Division Bench of this Court in The Registrar of Co-operative Societies,<\/p>\n
Trivandrum & Anr. vs. K. Kunjabmu & ors.<\/a> [(1980) 1 SCC 340], held as<\/p>\n
under:\n<\/p>\n
               “12. The policy of the Act is there and so are
\n               the guidelines. Why the legislation? “To
\n               facilitate the formation and working of
\n               Cooperative Societies.” Cooperative Societies,
\n               for what purpose? “For the promotion of thrift,
\n               self-help and mutual aid.” Amongst whom?
\n               “Amongst agriculturists and other persons with
\n               common economic needs.” To what end? “To
\n               bring about better living, better business and
\n                                   13<\/span><\/p>\n
            better methods of production.” The objectives
\n            are clear, the guidelines are there. There are
\n            numerous provisions of the Act dealing with
\n            registration of societies, rights and liabilities of
\n            members, duties of registered societies,
\n            privileges of registered societies, property and
\n            funds of registered societies, inquiry and
\n            inspection, supersession of committee of
\n            societies, dissolution of societies, surcharge and
\n            attachment, arbitration, etc. We refrain from
\n            referring to the details of the provisions except
\n            to say that they are generally designed to further
\n            the objectives set out in the preamble. But,
\n            numerous as the provisions are, they are not
\n            capable of meeting the extensive demands of the
\n            complex situations which may arise in the
\n            course of the working of the Act and the
\n            formation and the functioning of the societies.
\n            In fact, the too rigorous applications of some of
\n            the provisions of the Act may itself occasionally
\n            result in frustrating the very objects of the Act
\n            instead of advancing them. It is to provide for
\n            such situations that the Government is invested
\n            by Section 60 with a power to relax the
\n            occasional rigour of the provisions of the Act
\n            and to advance the objects of the Act. Section
\n            60 empowers the State Government to exempt a
\n            registered society from any of the provisions of
\n            the Act or to direct that such provision shall
\n            apply to such society with specified
\n            modifications. The power given to the
\n            government under Section 60 of the Act is to be
\n            exercised so as to advance the policy and
\n            objects of the Act, according to the guidelines
\n            as may be gleaned from the preamble and other
\n            provisions which we have already pointed out,
\n            are clear.”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
16.   The State of Maharashtra before the High Court as also before us<\/p>\n
did not bring on record any material to show as to under what
\n                                  14<\/span><\/p>\n
circumstances the said power was exercised. The necessity to exercise<\/p>\n
the said power has not been disclosed. Exercise of such power, however,<\/p>\n
indisputably is a conditional one. The proviso appended to Section 157<\/p>\n
mandates an opportunity of being heard. There is nothing on record to<\/p>\n
show that such an opportunity was provided. We fail to understand as to<\/p>\n
why the copy of the Government Order as such is not available. In whose<\/p>\n
name the Government Order was issued is not known. Such a power is<\/p>\n
not to be exercised only for the purpose of continuation of the<\/p>\n
Administrator for a period longer than the one specified under the Act. If<\/p>\n
the intention and purpose of the State was merely to keep the affairs of<\/p>\n
the society under its control, it could have done so only for the maximum<\/p>\n
period specified under the Act. It was bound to hold election within the<\/p>\n
maximum period provided for therein. It in the name of exercising a<\/p>\n
special power could not have sought to achieve indirectly what it could<\/p>\n
not have done directly. We do not see any reason as to why such a drastic<\/p>\n
power had to be taken recourse to during pendency of the Writ Petition.<\/p>\n
Had before the High Court the said order been produced, the first<\/p>\n
respondent herein could have even questioned the validity thereof on any<\/p>\n
ground other than the one urged before the High court.<\/p>\n
17.   In view of the fact that we are satisfied that the purported order<\/p>\n
passed by the State under Section 157 of the Act was not in accordance
\n                                  15<\/span><\/p>\n
with law, in our opinion, no case has been made out for interference with<\/p>\n
the impugned judgment. These appeals are dismissed accordingly with<\/p>\n
costs. Counsel fee in each case assessed at Rs.50,000\/-.<\/p>\n
                                         ………………………………..J.
\n                                          [S.B. Sinha]<\/p>\n
                                          ………………………………..J.
\n                                         [Cyriac Joseph]
\nNEW DELHI;\n<\/p>\n
MAY 12, 2009<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India Pralhad & Ors vs Deorao & Ors on 12 May, 2009 Author: S Sinha Bench: S.B. Sinha, Cyriac Joseph REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CIVIL APPEAL NO. 3493 OF 2009 (Arising out of SLP (C) No. 13290 of 2008) PRALHAD & ORS. … APPELLANTS VERSUS DEORAO […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-217095","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"\nPralhad & Ors vs Deorao & Ors on 12 May, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pralhad-ors-vs-deorao-ors-on-12-may-2009\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pralhad & Ors vs Deorao & Ors on 12 May, 2009 - 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