{"id":218531,"date":"2006-08-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2006-08-29T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-west-bengal-vs-haresh-c-banerjee-ors-on-30-august-2006"},"modified":"2015-08-28T11:02:51","modified_gmt":"2015-08-28T05:32:51","slug":"state-of-west-bengal-vs-haresh-c-banerjee-ors-on-30-august-2006","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-west-bengal-vs-haresh-c-banerjee-ors-on-30-august-2006","title":{"rendered":"State Of West Bengal vs Haresh C. Banerjee &amp; Ors on 30 August, 2006"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">State Of West Bengal vs Haresh C. Banerjee &amp; Ors on 30 August, 2006<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: S . Y.K.<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Y.K. Sabharwal, C.K. Thakker, P.K. Balasubramanyan<\/div>\n<pre>           CASE NO.:\nAppeal (civil)  2579 of 1998\n\nPETITIONER:\nState of West Bengal\n\nRESPONDENT:\nHaresh C. Banerjee &amp; Ors.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT: 30\/08\/2006\n\nBENCH:\nY.K. Sabharwal, C.K. Thakker &amp; P.K. Balasubramanyan\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>J U D G M E N T<\/p>\n<p>Y.K. Sabharwal, CJI.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThe validity of Rule 10(1) of the West Bengal Services<br \/>\n(Death-cum-Retirement Benefit) Rules, 1971 [for short &#8216;the<br \/>\nRules&#8217;] is in question in this appeal.  The Rules have been<br \/>\nframed in exercise of power under proviso to Article 309 of<br \/>\nthe Constitution of India.  Rule 10(1) provides for<br \/>\nwithholding of pension and reads as under :<br \/>\n&#8220;10. Right of the Governor to<br \/>\nwithhold pension in certain cases.<br \/>\n(1) The Governor reserves to himself<br \/>\nthe right of withholding of withdrawing<br \/>\na pension or any part of it whether<br \/>\npermanently or for a specified period,<br \/>\nand the right of ordering the recovery<br \/>\nfrom a pension of the whole or part of<br \/>\nany pecuniary loss caused to<br \/>\nGovernment, if the pensioner is found<br \/>\nin a departmental or judicial<br \/>\nproceeding to have been guilty of grave<br \/>\nmisconduct or negligence, during the<br \/>\nperiod of his service, including service<br \/>\nrendered on re-employment after<br \/>\nretirement :\n<\/p>\n<p>\tProvided that\n<\/p>\n<p>(a)\tsuch departmental proceeding if<br \/>\ninstituted while the officer was in<br \/>\nservice, whether before his<br \/>\nretirement or during his re-\n<\/p>\n<p>employment, shall after the final<br \/>\nretirement of the officer, be<br \/>\ndeemed to be a proceeding under<br \/>\nthis article and shall be continued<br \/>\nand concluded by the authority<br \/>\nby which it was commenced in<br \/>\nthe same manner as if the officer<br \/>\nhad continued in service;\n<\/p>\n<p>(b)\tsuch departmental proceedings, if<br \/>\nnot instituted while the officer<br \/>\nwas in service, whether before his<br \/>\nretirement or during his re-\n<\/p>\n<p>employment\n<\/p>\n<p>(i)\tshall not be instituted save<br \/>\nwith the sanction of the<br \/>\nGovernor;\n<\/p>\n<p>(ii)\tshall not be in respect of any<br \/>\nevent which took place more<br \/>\nthan four years before such<br \/>\ninstitution; and\n<\/p>\n<p>(iii)\tshall be conducted by such<br \/>\nauthority and in such place<br \/>\nas the Governor may direct<br \/>\nand in accordance with the<br \/>\nprocedure applicable to<br \/>\ndepartmental proceedings in<br \/>\nwhich an order of dismissal<br \/>\nfrom service could be made<br \/>\nin relation to the officer<br \/>\nduring his service;\n<\/p>\n<p>(c)\tno such judicial proceeding, if not<br \/>\ninstituted while the officer was in<br \/>\nservice, whether before his<br \/>\nretirement or during his re-\n<\/p>\n<p>employment shall be instituted in<br \/>\nrespect of a cause of action which<br \/>\narose on an event which took<br \/>\nplace more than four years before<br \/>\nsuch institution; and\n<\/p>\n<p>(d)\tthe Public Service Commission,<br \/>\nWest Bengal, shall be consulted<br \/>\nbefore final orders are passed.\n<\/p>\n<p>Explanation.For the purpose of this<br \/>\narticle\n<\/p>\n<p> (a)\ta departmental proceeding shall<br \/>\nbe deemed to have been instituted<br \/>\non the date on which the<br \/>\nstatement of charges is issued to<br \/>\nthe officer or pensioner, or if the<br \/>\nofficer has been placed under<br \/>\nsuspension from an earlier date,<br \/>\non such date; and\n<\/p>\n<p>(b)\ta judicial proceeding shall be<br \/>\ndeemed to have been instituted\n<\/p>\n<p>(i)\tin the case of criminal<br \/>\nproceeding, on the date on<br \/>\nwhich the complaint or<br \/>\nreport of police officer, on<br \/>\nwhich the Magistrate takes<br \/>\ncognizance, is made, and\n<\/p>\n<p>(ii)\tin the case of a civil<br \/>\nproceeding, on the date on<br \/>\nwhich the plaint is presented<br \/>\nor, as the case may be, an<br \/>\napplication is made to a Civil<br \/>\nCourt.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>While granting leave to examine the vires of Rule 10(1),<br \/>\nit was directed that even if the appeal succeeds, the benefit<br \/>\navailable to respondent No. 1 as per the judgment of the<br \/>\nHigh Court will not be recalled.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThe High Court by the impugned judgment has held<br \/>\nRule 10(1) to be ultra vires the provisions of Articles 19(1)(f)<br \/>\nand 31(1) of the Constitution.  It was held that the pension<br \/>\nwas a property and its payment does not depend upon the<br \/>\ndiscretion of the Government.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tPension is not a bounty payable on the sweet-will and<br \/>\nthe pleasure of the Government and to receive pension is a<br \/>\nvaluable right of a Government servant is a well-settled legal<br \/>\nproposition.  The question in the present case, however, is<br \/>\nnot about the deprivation of the said right by the<br \/>\nGovernment by an executive order but is about the<br \/>\nconstitutional validity of Rule 10(1) providing for<br \/>\nwithholding of pension or part thereof in certain cases.<br \/>\n\tArticles 19(1)(f) and 31(1) have been repealed by the<br \/>\nConstitution (Forty-Fourth Amendment) Act, 1978 w.e.f.<br \/>\n20th June, 1979.  The right to property is no longer a<br \/>\nfundamental right.  It is now a constitutional right, as<br \/>\nprovided in Article 300A of the Constitution.  Right to<br \/>\nreceive pension was a fundamental right at the time of<br \/>\nframing of Rules in 1971. The question is whether a Rule<br \/>\nframed under proviso to Article 309 of the Constitution<br \/>\nproviding for withholding of the pension would ipso facto be<br \/>\nultra vires, being violative of Article 19(1)(f) as it stood in<br \/>\n1971 when Rules were framed.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThe High Court has, in the impugned judgment, made<br \/>\nreference to a decision of this Court in <a href=\"\/doc\/1566\/\">Deokinandan<br \/>\nPrasad v. The State of Bihar and Ors.<\/a> [(1971) 2 SCC<br \/>\n330]  for coming to the conclusion that the rule in question<br \/>\nis ultra vires.  In the said case, this Court held that the right<br \/>\nto receive pension was wrongly withheld by an executive<br \/>\norder.  The Judgment in Deokinandan Prasad&#8217;s case in<br \/>\nfact lends support to the vires of the rule since it was held<br \/>\nin that case that an employee can be deprived of the<br \/>\npension by an authority of law.  That authority, in the<br \/>\npresent case, is contained in the rules [Rule 10(1)], that<br \/>\nwere framed providing for withholding of the pension.<br \/>\n\tVarious State Rules or Regulations vest power for<br \/>\nwithholding or reduction of pension on compliance of<br \/>\nprinciples of natural justice.  The question of an order<br \/>\nwithholding or reducing pension being invalid and bad in<br \/>\nlaw on a legally permissible ground is one thing but to hold<br \/>\nthe rule ultra vires is another.  <a href=\"\/doc\/592033\/\">In State of Uttar Pradesh<br \/>\nv. Brahm Datt Sharma and Anr.<\/a> [(1987) 2 SCC 179], this<br \/>\nCourt observed that if the Government incurs pecuniary<br \/>\nloss on account of misconduct or negligence of a<br \/>\nGovernment servant and if he retires from service before any<br \/>\ndepartmental proceedings are taken against him, it is open<br \/>\nto the State Government to initiate departmental<br \/>\nproceedings, and if in those proceedings, he is found guilty<br \/>\nof misconduct, negligence or any other such act or omission<br \/>\nas a result of which Government is put to pecuniary loss,<br \/>\nthe State Government is entitled to withhold, reduce or<br \/>\nrecover the loss suffered by it by forfeiture or reduction of<br \/>\npension.  <a href=\"\/doc\/853253\/\">In State of Punjab v. K.R. Erry<\/a> [(1973) 1 SCC<br \/>\n120], it was held that the State Government could not direct<br \/>\ncut in pension of officers without giving a reasonable<br \/>\nopportunity of hearing.  <a href=\"\/doc\/1867924\/\">In State of Maharashtra v. M.H.<br \/>\nMazumdar<\/a> [(1988) 2 SCC 52], it was observed that the<br \/>\nState Government&#8217;s power to reduce or withhold pension by<br \/>\ntaking proceedings against a Government servant, even<br \/>\nafter his retirement is expressly preserved by the rules.<br \/>\n\tRule 10(1) is the authority of law under which the<br \/>\npension could be withheld on compliance of stipulations of<br \/>\nthe rule.  We are unable to appreciate how such a rule could<br \/>\nbe held ultra vires even at a point of time when pension was<br \/>\na property to which Article 19(1)(f) was applicable.<br \/>\n\tIn view of the above, we set aside the impugned<br \/>\njudgment to the extent it declares Rule 10(1) ultra vires.<br \/>\nThe appeal is allowed accordingly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India State Of West Bengal vs Haresh C. Banerjee &amp; Ors on 30 August, 2006 Author: S . Y.K. Bench: Y.K. Sabharwal, C.K. Thakker, P.K. Balasubramanyan CASE NO.: Appeal (civil) 2579 of 1998 PETITIONER: State of West Bengal RESPONDENT: Haresh C. Banerjee &amp; Ors. DATE OF JUDGMENT: 30\/08\/2006 BENCH: Y.K. Sabharwal, C.K. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-218531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>State Of West Bengal vs Haresh C. 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