{"id":219359,"date":"1995-08-17T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1995-08-16T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/superintendent-of-police-vs-deepak-chowdhary-ors-on-17-august-1995"},"modified":"2016-02-10T20:06:02","modified_gmt":"2016-02-10T14:36:02","slug":"superintendent-of-police-vs-deepak-chowdhary-ors-on-17-august-1995","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/superintendent-of-police-vs-deepak-chowdhary-ors-on-17-august-1995","title":{"rendered":"Superintendent Of Police &#8230; vs Deepak Chowdhary &amp; Ors on 17 August, 1995"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Superintendent Of Police &#8230; vs Deepak Chowdhary &amp; Ors on 17 August, 1995<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1996 AIR  186, \t\t  1995 SCC  (6) 225<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: K Ramaswamy<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Ramaswamy, K.<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nSUPERINTENDENT OF POLICE (C.B.I.)\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nDEEPAK CHOWDHARY &amp; ORS,\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT17\/08\/1995\n\nBENCH:\nRAMASWAMY, K.\nBENCH:\nRAMASWAMY, K.\nHANSARIA B.L. (J)\n\nCITATION:\n 1996 AIR  186\t\t  1995 SCC  (6) 225\n JT 1995 (6)   532\t  1995 SCALE  (5)226\n\n\nACT:\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>\t\t\t O R D E R<br \/>\n     Leave granted.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Delay of 232 days condoned.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The facts lie in a short compass. During the year 1982,<br \/>\nwhile the respondent no.1 was working as a Branch Manager in<br \/>\nDesh Priya branch of the United Bank of India at Calcutta it<br \/>\nwas realised  that certain officers working in that bank had<br \/>\nconspired with\ta creditor  and the bank was defrauded for a<br \/>\nsum of\tRs.45,000\/-. On\t a complaint  laid, a crime case was<br \/>\nregistered and\tthe appellant  investigated the\t matter\t and<br \/>\nsubmitted  the\t report\t to   the  competent  authority\t for<br \/>\nsanction, who,\tby its\torder dated  the 14th  January, 1987<br \/>\naccorded  sanction   under  6(1-c)   of\t the  Prevention  of<br \/>\nCorruption Act,\t 1947 (for  short,  `PC\t Act)  to  file\t the<br \/>\ncharge-sheet  against\tthe  respondent\t  for  the  offences<br \/>\npunishable under Section 120B, 420, 467, 468, 471, 477A, 201<br \/>\nand 109\t IPC and  also under  Section  5(1)  (d)  read\twith<br \/>\nSection 5(2)  of the  PC  Act.\tThe  respondent\t filed\twrit<br \/>\npetition in  the High  Court to quash the sanction. The High<br \/>\nCourt by  the impugned\torder dated  the 2nd  April, 1992 in<br \/>\nMatter\tNo.498\/87  quashed  the\t sanction  on  two  grounds,<br \/>\nnamely, that the respondent was not given any opportunity of<br \/>\nhearing before\tgranting sanction  and in  the\tdepartmental<br \/>\nenquiry conducted  by the Bank, respondent was exonerated of<br \/>\nthe charge.  Therefore, it was not expedient to proceed with<br \/>\nthe prosecution\t of the\t respondent. Hence, the above appeal<br \/>\nhas been filed.\n<\/p>\n<p>     It is  contended for the appellant that the question of<br \/>\ngiving an opportunity to the charged officer before granting<br \/>\nsanction does  not arise  since it  is not  a quasi-judicial<br \/>\nfunction. Grant\t of sanction  is an administrative function.<br \/>\nWhat is\t required is  that the\tinvestigating officer should<br \/>\nplace all  the necessary  material  before  the\t sanctioning<br \/>\nauthority who  should apply  its mind  to that\tmaterial and<br \/>\naccord\tsanction.   Therefore,\tthe   question\t of   giving<br \/>\nopportunity  of\t hearing  to  the  accused  before  granting<br \/>\nsanction does not arise.\n<\/p>\n<p>     We find  force in the contention. The grant of sanction<br \/>\nis only\t an administrative  function, though it is true that<br \/>\nthe  accused  may  be  saddled\twith  the  liability  to  be<br \/>\nprosecuted in  a court of law. What is material at that time<br \/>\nis that\t the necessary\tfacts collected during investigation<br \/>\nconstituting the  offence  have\t to  be\t placed\t before\t the<br \/>\nsanctioning authority  and it  has to consider the material.<br \/>\nPrima  facie,\tthe  authority\tis  required  to  reach\t the<br \/>\nsatisfaction that  the relevant\t facts would  constitute the<br \/>\noffence and  then either  grant or refuse to grant sanction.<br \/>\nThe grant  of sanction,\t therefore, being administrative act<br \/>\nthe need to provide an opportunity of hearing to the accused<br \/>\nbefore according  sanction does\t not arise.  The High Court,<br \/>\ntherefore, was clearly in error in holding that the order of<br \/>\nsanction is  vitiated by  violation  of\t the  principles  of<br \/>\nnatural justice.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The second\t ground of  departmental exoneration  by the<br \/>\ndisciplinary  authority\t  is  also  not\t relevant.  What  is<br \/>\nnecessary and material is whether the facts collected during<br \/>\ninvestigation would  constitute the  offence for  which\t the<br \/>\nsanction has been sought for.\n<\/p>\n<p>     It is  not appropriate  at this  stage to\tgo into\t the<br \/>\nmerits of the culpability of the respondent though sought to<br \/>\nbe contended for by Shri Thopas Roy, the learned counsel. In<br \/>\nfairness to the accused, we deem it inappropriate to go into<br \/>\nthe merits to express any opinion.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The appeal\t is accordingly\t allowed, the  order of\t the<br \/>\nHigh Court  is set  aside and the trial court is directed to<br \/>\nproceed\t with\tthe  trial   against   the   respondent\t  as<br \/>\nexpeditiously as  possible and conduct joint trial, if trial<br \/>\nis not\talready concluded,  along with other accused. If the<br \/>\ncase has  been separated  and the trial of other accused has<br \/>\nbeen  concluded,   then\t the  trial  court  is\tdirected  to<br \/>\nexpeditiously conclude\tthe trial  of  the  respondent,\t not<br \/>\nexceeding one year.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Superintendent Of Police &#8230; vs Deepak Chowdhary &amp; Ors on 17 August, 1995 Equivalent citations: 1996 AIR 186, 1995 SCC (6) 225 Author: K Ramaswamy Bench: Ramaswamy, K. PETITIONER: SUPERINTENDENT OF POLICE (C.B.I.) Vs. RESPONDENT: DEEPAK CHOWDHARY &amp; ORS, DATE OF JUDGMENT17\/08\/1995 BENCH: RAMASWAMY, K. BENCH: RAMASWAMY, K. HANSARIA B.L. (J) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-219359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Superintendent Of Police ... vs Deepak Chowdhary &amp; Ors on 17 August, 1995 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/superintendent-of-police-vs-deepak-chowdhary-ors-on-17-august-1995\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Superintendent Of Police ... vs Deepak Chowdhary &amp; 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