{"id":219477,"date":"2010-07-21T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-07-20T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/gauri-shankar-saragi-another-vs-sharda-prasad-dwivedi-another-on-21-july-2010"},"modified":"2017-12-28T05:03:45","modified_gmt":"2017-12-27T23:33:45","slug":"gauri-shankar-saragi-another-vs-sharda-prasad-dwivedi-another-on-21-july-2010","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/gauri-shankar-saragi-another-vs-sharda-prasad-dwivedi-another-on-21-july-2010","title":{"rendered":"Gauri Shankar Saragi &amp; Another vs Sharda Prasad Dwivedi &amp; Another on 21 July, 2010"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Allahabad High Court<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Gauri Shankar Saragi &amp; Another vs Sharda Prasad Dwivedi &amp; Another on 21 July, 2010<\/div>\n<pre>                                                                Reserved\n                                                                    A.F.R.\nCase :- CIVIL REVISION No. - 245 of 1997\n\nPetitioner :- Gauri Shankar Saragi &amp; Another\nRespondent :- Sharda Prasad Dwivedi &amp; Another\nPetitioner Counsel :- R.S. Mishra,K.Shailendra,Ravi Kiran Jain\nRespondent Counsel :- A.K.Tiwari,B.D.Mandhyan,R.K. Porwal, Satish\n                         Mandhyan\n\n\nHon'ble Pankaj Mithal, J.\n<\/pre>\n<p>      Ram Kishan Dass, Har Kishan Das Saraogi is a public trust of<br \/>\nreligious and charitable nature created for the Hindu public. The said<br \/>\ntrust owned properties mentioned in Schedules &#8216;A&#8217; and &#8216;B&#8217; of the<br \/>\nproposed plaint i.e. house no.165, 167 situate at M.G.Road, Clacutta in<br \/>\nSchedule &#8216;A&#8217; and house no.1\/67 Peepal Mandi, Agra in Schedule &#8216;B&#8217;.\n<\/p>\n<p>      The two applicants\/opposite parties both residents of Agra<br \/>\napplied for leave of the court at Agra to institute a suit under Section 92<br \/>\nC.P.C. for removal of the existing trusties two in number, both residents<br \/>\nof Calcutta and for appointment of new trusties as well as for directing<br \/>\nrendering of accounts of the trust. The application for grant of leave to<br \/>\nfile proposed plaint was opposed by the defendant\/revisionists herein.<br \/>\nOne of the objection was that the property at Agra is no more in<br \/>\nexistence as it has been sold under the orders of the Calcutta High<br \/>\nCourt dated 28.4.1988, therefore, the application for leave is not<br \/>\nmaintainable.\n<\/p>\n<p>      The Additional District Judge, Agra vide judgment and order<br \/>\ndated 12.8.1997 allowed the application and granted permission to file<br \/>\nthe suit under Section 92 C.P.C. Aggrieved by the aforesaid order, the<br \/>\ndefendants have preferred this civil revision under Section 115 C.P.C.\n<\/p>\n<p>      I have heard Sri Ravi Kiran Jain, Senior Advocate assisted by Sri<br \/>\nKshitij Shailendra for the defendant\/revisionists and Sri B.D.Mandhyan,<br \/>\nSenior Advocate assisted by Sri Tarun Gaur for the plaintiff<br \/>\n(applicant)\/opposite parties.\n<\/p>\n<p>      The basic argument of Sri Jain is that the impugned judgment<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                                             2<\/span><\/p>\n<p>and order is without jurisdiction. The Court at Agra had no jurisdiction to<br \/>\ngrant leave for institution of suit under Section 92 C.P.C. as no part of<br \/>\nthe property of the trust was situated in Agra at the relevant time.\n<\/p>\n<p>          Sri Mandhyan has countered the above argument by submitting<br \/>\nthat in fact one of the properties of the trust was at Agra and the illegal<br \/>\nsale of the same would not affect the jurisdiction of the Court. He has<br \/>\nfurther submitted that though no relief in respect of the property sold has<br \/>\nbeen claimed in the proposed suit, nonetheless the action of the<br \/>\ntrustees in its sale was determintal to the trust as well as public at large<br \/>\ntherefore, a suit under Section 92 C.P.C. with the leave of the Court is<br \/>\nmaintainable.\n<\/p>\n<p>          Section 92 C.P.C. provides that where in a trust created for public<br \/>\ncharitable or religious nature there is any breach of such trust, the<br \/>\nAdvocate General or two or more persons having an interest in the trust<br \/>\nwith the leave of the court may institute a suit for a decree for the<br \/>\npurposes specified therein including that of removal and appointment of<br \/>\ntrustees and rendering of the accounts. Thus, from the plain language of<br \/>\nthe aforesaid provision it is apparent that two persons having interest in<br \/>\nthe trust have a right to maintain a suit under Section 92 C.P.C. with the<br \/>\nleave of the Court. However, the moot question which arises for<br \/>\nconsideration is as to which court is empowered to grant leave for<br \/>\ninstitution of such suit or as to before which court such a suit would be<br \/>\nmaintainable.\n<\/p>\n<p>          In order to answer the above question, it would again be<br \/>\nbeneficial to refer to the provision of Section 92 C.P.C. itself which also<br \/>\nprovides the forum where such a suit is to be instituted. It lays down that<br \/>\na suit may be instituted in the principal Civil Court of original jurisdiction<br \/>\nor in any other Court empowered in that behalf by the State Government<br \/>\nwithin the local limits of whose jurisdiction the whole or any part of the<br \/>\nsubject-matter of the trust is situate. Thus, such a suit can be instituted<br \/>\neither:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>          (1) in the competent court of original jurisdiction; or<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                                             3<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        (2) in any other court empowered in that behalf by the State<br \/>\n           Government;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>        provided that such a court ought to be one within whose local<br \/>\nlimits of jurisdiction the whole or any part of subject matter of the trust is<br \/>\nsituate.\n<\/p>\n<p>        This above second part of Section 92 C.P.C. is most important<br \/>\nand relevant for the purposes of determining the jurisdiction of the civil<br \/>\ncourt where a suit is to be instituted. It has to be a court where whole or<br \/>\nany part of the subject matter of the trust is situate. This part refers and<br \/>\nqualifies both the courts mentioned in the first part.\n<\/p>\n<p>        The subject matter of the trust in the instant case could have<br \/>\nbeen the two properties one at Calcutta and the other at Agra. The<br \/>\nproperty at Agra having been sold much before the application for leave<br \/>\nto institute the suit was moved only the property at Calcutta was left with<br \/>\nthe Trust. Thus, on the date on which the application for leave was<br \/>\nmoved there was no property of the trust or any part of the subject<br \/>\nmatter of the trust at Agra. Therefore, to my mind, the court at Agra<br \/>\nlacked inherent jurisdiction for entertaining the suit under Section 92<br \/>\nC.P.C. or to grant leave to to two or more persons to institute such a<br \/>\nsuit.\n<\/p>\n<p>        It is also relevant to note that the trustees against whom the suit<br \/>\nis being proposed to be instituted are also not residing within the<br \/>\njurisdiction of the Court at Agra.\n<\/p>\n<p>        The view taken by me finds support from a decision of the Privy<br \/>\nCouncil Bilasrai Joharmal and another Vs. Shivnarayan Sarupchand<br \/>\nand others AIR (31) 1944 PC 39 wherein the Lordships observed that<br \/>\nthe Court will not take upon itself the task to interfere with the<br \/>\nadministration of a charity when the charity has to be conducted in a<br \/>\ndifferent land outside the courts jurisdiction where the court is not in a<br \/>\nposition to supervise its administration effectively.\n<\/p>\n<p>        Sri Mandhyan had made a feeble attempt to defend the impugned<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                                             4<\/span><\/p>\n<p>judgment and order by saying that no such specific plea with regard to<br \/>\nthe jurisdiction was raised by the defendant\/ revisionists in the court<br \/>\nbelow and, therefore they cannot be permitted to raise it for the first time<br \/>\nin the revision.\n<\/p>\n<p>       I am not at all impressed by the aforesaid submission. First, for<br \/>\nthe reason that there is a specific reference of such a plea in the<br \/>\nimpugned judgment itself. The impugned judgment refers to it in<br \/>\nparagraph 3 as well as in paragraph 10 wherein it is mentioned that the<br \/>\nproperty at Agra has been sold with the permission of the High Court at<br \/>\nCalcutta and, therefore, the plaintiff\/applicants have no right to file<br \/>\napplication under Section 92 C.P.C. Secondly where the question of<br \/>\njurisdiction goes to the very root of the matter, the plea of jurisdiction<br \/>\neven if it has not been specifically raised in the court below, it can<br \/>\nalways be permitted to be raised in appeal\/revision or even at any<br \/>\nsubsequent stage including that execution of the decree.\n<\/p>\n<p>       Their Lordships of the Privy Council in Ram Lal Hargopal Vs.<br \/>\nKishanchandra and others 1924 PC 95 ruled that an objection to the<br \/>\njurisdiction, however late in the day may be raised, if on the facts<br \/>\nadmitted or proved it is manifest that there is a defect of jurisdiction.\n<\/p>\n<p>       Again in the case Kiran Singh and others Vs. Chaman Paswan<br \/>\nand others AIR 1954 SC 340 three Hon&#8217;ble Judges of the Supreme<br \/>\nCourt went on to observe as under:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>               &#8220;It is a fundamental principle that a decree passed by a<br \/>\n       Court without jurisdiction is a nullity and, that its invalidity could<br \/>\n       be set up whenever and wherever it is sought to be enforced or<br \/>\n       relied upon, even at the stage of execution and even in collateral<br \/>\n       proceedings. A defect of jurisdiction, whether it is pecuniary or<br \/>\n       territorial, or whether it is in respect of the subject-matter of the<br \/>\n       action, strikes at the very authority of the Court to pass any<br \/>\n       decree, and such a defect cannot be cured even by consent of<br \/>\n       parties.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>       A similar view has been expressed by the Supreme Court in<br \/>\nMost. Re. P.M.A. and others Vs. Moran Mar Marthoma and another<br \/>\nAIR 1995 SC 2001 wherein the Court observed that plea of absence of<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                                              5<\/span><\/p>\n<p>jurisdiction of civil court can be raised and entertained at any stage.\n<\/p>\n<p>        In view of above facts and circumstances, I am of the opinion that<br \/>\nthe court below in passing the impugned judgment and order granting<br \/>\nleave to the plaintiff (applicant)\/opposite parties to institute the suit under<br \/>\nSection 92 C.P.C. acted completely without jurisdiction as admittedly no<br \/>\npart of the subject matter of the trust was situate at Agra at the relevant<br \/>\ntime.\n<\/p>\n<p>        Accordingly, the impugned judgment and order dated 12.8.1997<br \/>\npassed by the Ist Additional District Judge, Agra in Misc. Case No.417<br \/>\nof 1994 between Sharda Prasad Dwivedi and another and Gauri<br \/>\nShankar Saraogi and another suffers with jurisdictional error and is set<br \/>\naside. Consequently, the application for leave to institute the suit stands<br \/>\nrejected.\n<\/p>\n<p>        This revision as such is allowed.\n<\/p>\n<p>        No order as to costs.\n<\/p>\n<p>Dt: July 21, 2010<br \/>\nBK\/\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Allahabad High Court Gauri Shankar Saragi &amp; Another vs Sharda Prasad Dwivedi &amp; Another on 21 July, 2010 Reserved A.F.R. Case :- CIVIL REVISION No. &#8211; 245 of 1997 Petitioner :- Gauri Shankar Saragi &amp; Another Respondent :- Sharda Prasad Dwivedi &amp; Another Petitioner Counsel :- R.S. Mishra,K.Shailendra,Ravi Kiran Jain Respondent Counsel :- A.K.Tiwari,B.D.Mandhyan,R.K. Porwal, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-219477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-allahabad-high-court","category-high-court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gauri Shankar Saragi &amp; Another vs Sharda Prasad Dwivedi &amp; Another on 21 July, 2010 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/gauri-shankar-saragi-another-vs-sharda-prasad-dwivedi-another-on-21-july-2010\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gauri Shankar Saragi &amp; 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