{"id":219798,"date":"2003-07-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2003-07-27T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-state-of-madhya-pradesh-ors-vs-gopal-d-tirthani-ors-on-28-july-2003"},"modified":"2015-01-25T07:00:54","modified_gmt":"2015-01-25T01:30:54","slug":"the-state-of-madhya-pradesh-ors-vs-gopal-d-tirthani-ors-on-28-july-2003","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-state-of-madhya-pradesh-ors-vs-gopal-d-tirthani-ors-on-28-july-2003","title":{"rendered":"The State Of Madhya Pradesh & Ors vs Gopal D. Tirthani & Ors on 28 July, 2003"},"content":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n
The State Of Madhya Pradesh & Ors vs Gopal D. Tirthani & Ors on 28 July, 2003<\/div>\n
Author: R Lahoti<\/div>\n
Bench: R.C. Lahoti, Ashok Bhan.<\/div>\n
           CASE NO.:\nAppeal (civil)  5223 of 2003\n\nPETITIONER:\nThe State of Madhya Pradesh & Ors.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\nRESPONDENT:\nVs.\n\nGopal D. Tirthani & Ors.\t\t\t\t\t      \n\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT: 28\/07\/2003\n\nBENCH:\nR.C. Lahoti & Ashok Bhan.\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n
J U D G M E N T<\/p>\n
@ S.L.P. (C) NO.10820 OF 2003<\/p>\n
With <\/p>\n
CIVIL APPEAL NOS.            OF 2003<\/p>\n
 (@ SLP (C) Nos.10903-10904\/2003, 10879\/2003)<\/p>\n
R.C. Lahoti, J.\n<\/p>\n
Leave granted in all the Special Leave Petitions.<\/p>\n
Imparting instruction and giving education was philanthropy -a <\/p>\n
pious duty – in the past, and later a service.  In recent times it has <\/p>\n
developed into a business and now it stands recognized as an industry.  <\/p>\n
A sizeable amount of litigation centres around medical education.  The <\/p>\n
national wealth of available seats is scarce while the aspirants, <\/p>\n
desirous of sharing such wealth, are numerous.  Every attempt at <\/p>\n
laying down criteria for choosing the more deserving out of the several <\/p>\n
aspirants is subjected to challenge before the Constitutional Courts of <\/p>\n
the country.  This time it is the State of Madhya Pradesh which is at <\/p>\n
the receiving end and the issue is quota of seats for in-service <\/p>\n
candidates.  Carving out a quota for in-service candidates by the State <\/p>\n
Government, assigning weightage for rural service, sub-classification <\/p>\n
within classification for women candidates who have rendered rural <\/p>\n
service, and holding of a separate eligibility test for determining the <\/p>\n
merit of in-service candidates as distinguished from open category <\/p>\n
candidates, are the issues canvassed before the High Court and <\/p>\n
reiterated before this Court by the parties especially the State of <\/p>\n
Madhya Pradesh.  For the purpose of this judgment it is not necessary <\/p>\n
for us to enumerate the facts of each individual petition as there were <\/p>\n
many before the High Court. It would suffice to note the bones of <\/p>\n
contention in the backdrop of a few bare essential events in their <\/p>\n
chronological order.\n<\/p>\n
In the State of Madhya Pradesh, as it exists today, subsequent <\/p>\n
to the reorganization effected on November 1, 2000, leading to carving <\/p>\n
out of the State of Chhattisgarh, there are five Universities imparting <\/p>\n
medical education at under-graduate and post-graduate levels of <\/p>\n
studies.  There are 620 under-graduate seats while the seats at post-<\/p>\n
graduate level of studies are 537, consisting of degree and diploma <\/p>\n
courses both.  A quota of 89 seats is earmarked for in-service <\/p>\n
candidates, i.e., the doctors in the employment of the State <\/p>\n
Government.\n<\/p>\n
Madhya Pradesh, a State with a large land spread, still lives in <\/p>\n
villages.  The number of inhabited villages is 51,806 divided into 313 <\/p>\n
Blocks for the purpose of health services administration.  There are <\/p>\n
8835 sub-health centers which are the smallest rural units of public <\/p>\n
health service covering a population of 3000 in tribal areas and 5000 <\/p>\n
in general or non-tribal areas.  At each sub-health centre, an ANM <\/p>\n
(auxiliary nurse midwife) and a multi purpose male health worker is <\/p>\n
posted.  There are 1194 primary health centres which are rural health <\/p>\n
units providing curative medical care and preventive health care <\/p>\n
covering a population of around 50,000 of which 20,000 is tribal.  One <\/p>\n
MBBS medical officer with para-medicos is posted at PHCs.  There are <\/p>\n
229 community health centers situated at Block\/Tehsil Headquarters.  <\/p>\n
Ideally, post graduate medical officers in Surgery, Obstetrics &  <\/p>\n
Gynaecology, Anaesthesia, Medicine and specialized in Paediatrics <\/p>\n
under overall supervision of a block medical officer need to be posted <\/p>\n
at each such community health centre (CHC). Then there are 169 first <\/p>\n
referral units (FRU) which are community health centers equipped with <\/p>\n
new-born care equipment, surgical equipment for emergency obstetric <\/p>\n
care and care of high risk neonates.  Post graduate medical officers <\/p>\n
specially having qualified in Obstetrics &  Gynaecology, Anaesthesia <\/p>\n
and Paediatrics are required to be posted at such first referral units so <\/p>\n
as to prevent mother and infant casualties.  The total sanctioned posts <\/p>\n
in the cadre of medical officers called Assistant Surgeons, which <\/p>\n
includes Physicians as well, is 4670 against which only 3865 posts are <\/p>\n
presently occupied.  The occupants include those medical officers who <\/p>\n
are recruited as a temporary measure on contract basis for a short <\/p>\n
term. 805 posts are lying vacant.  As to the posts which require PG <\/p>\n
Degree\/Diploma, the position is as under:-\n<\/p>\n
Cadre<\/p>\n
Strength<\/p>\n
Posted<\/p>\n
Vacant<\/p>\n
Class-I Specialists<\/p>\n
739<\/span><\/p>\n
530<\/span><\/p>\n
209<\/span><\/p>\n
Class-I Specialists in CHCs<\/p>\n
258<\/span><\/p>\n
82<\/span><\/p>\n
176<\/span><\/p>\n
Medical Officers Class-II with <\/p>\n
PG Degree<\/p>\n
1606<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India The State Of Madhya Pradesh & Ors vs Gopal D. Tirthani & Ors on 28 July, 2003 Author: R Lahoti Bench: R.C. Lahoti, Ashok Bhan. CASE NO.: Appeal (civil) 5223 of 2003 PETITIONER: The State of Madhya Pradesh & Ors. RESPONDENT: Vs. Gopal D. Tirthani & Ors. DATE OF JUDGMENT: 28\/07\/2003 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-219798","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"\nThe State Of Madhya Pradesh & Ors vs Gopal D. 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