{"id":230638,"date":"2001-06-15T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2001-06-14T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/p-ramakrishna-sastry-vs-commissioner-of-police-on-15-june-2001"},"modified":"2016-03-08T22:40:07","modified_gmt":"2016-03-08T17:10:07","slug":"p-ramakrishna-sastry-vs-commissioner-of-police-on-15-june-2001","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/p-ramakrishna-sastry-vs-commissioner-of-police-on-15-june-2001","title":{"rendered":"P. Ramakrishna Sastry vs Commissioner Of Police, … on 15 June, 2001"},"content":{"rendered":"
Andhra High Court<\/div>\n
P. Ramakrishna Sastry vs Commissioner Of Police, … on 15 June, 2001<\/div>\n
Equivalent citations: 2001 (4) ALT 326<\/div>\n
Author: S Sinha<\/div>\n
Bench: S Sinah, V Rao<\/div>\n<\/p>\n
<\/pre>\n
ORDER<\/p>\n
 S.B. Sinha, CJ  <\/p>\n
 1. This writ petition was taken up
\nas a Public Interest Litigation on the basis
\nof a letter dated 16-9-2000 written by a
\npractising advocate in Vijayawada
\nCity addressed to the Honourable
\nChief Justice of this Court regarding
\nthe noise pollution created in the City
\nof Vijayawada by reason of the use of
\nAir Horns at their pitch by A.P. State
\nRoad Transport Corporation buses,
\nlorries etc. <\/p>\n
 2. The fact that there exists
\nnoise pollution in the City of Vijayawada is
\nnot in dispute. An affidavit, affirmed by
\nSri. B. Sreenivas, Sub-Inspector of Police
\non behalf<\/p>\n
of respondents 1, 4 and 10 was filed
\ncontending that organised special camps were
\nheld to curb noise pollution with the
\nassistance of A.P. Pollution Control Board
\nand in the month of January, 2001, 1241
\ncases have been booked. All kinds of
\nGas Horns\/pneumatic horns and multi-tone
\nhorns fitted to motor vehicles were banned
\nby the Commissioner of Police on 8-1-
\n2001. It was further stated directions
\nhave also been issued to remove the gas
\nhorns fitted to all school buses and 3427
\nnoise pollution cases have been booked
\nwithin a period of six months against
\nthe drivers of vehicles who violated the
\ntraffic rules.\n<\/p>\n
 3. However, the A.P. Pollution
\nControl Board in their status report dated
\n26-2-2001 admits of heavy noise
\npollution in Vijayawada city caused on
\naccount of using of air horns by APSRTC
\nBuses, private tourist buses, lorries. It was
\npointed out that at junction points,
\nturning of roads, the drivers blow horns
\nat highest pitch as a result whereof, the
\ntraffic rules are violated, which result in
\ncausing accidents and noise problems. It
\nwas stated that noise values observed in
\nVijayawada city at all the three places viz.,
\nIndustrial, Commercial and residential
\nareas have exceeded the normal values of
\nnoise levels fixed by the Central Pollution
\nControl Board. The values of noise levels
\nrecorded at the above three places from
\n29-1-2001 to 10th February, 2001 are
\nstated to be as under:\n<\/p>\n
  Place<\/p>\n
  Noise<\/p>\n
  Noise Levels <\/p>\n
  \u00a0<\/p>\n
  \u00a0<\/p>\n
  Lmax<\/p>\n
  Lmin<\/p>\n
  LAvg<\/p>\n
  Autonagar (Industrial area)<\/p>\n
  11 to 11.30 a.m.<\/p>\n
  98 to 104<\/p>\n
  61 to 67<\/p>\n
  86 to 89<\/p>\n
  Benz Circle Road
\n  Junction point (Commercial area)<\/p>\n
  10 to 10.30 a.m.<\/p>\n
  102 to 112<\/p>\n
  75 to 80<\/p>\n
  84 to 97<\/p>\n
  Surya Rao pet (Residential Area)<\/p>\n
  9 to 9.30 a.m.<\/p>\n
  71 to 78<\/p>\n
  50.8 to 52.0<\/p>\n
  61.1 to 64.0<\/p>\n
 4. A detailed report has also
\nbeen annexed to the status report filed
\nby the Pollution Control Board.\n<\/p>\n
 5. It is not in dispute that the
\nCentral Government in exercise of its
\npowers conferred by clause (ii) of sub-
\nsection (2) of Section 3, sub-section (1)
\nand clause (b) of sub-section (2) of
\nSection 6 and Section 25 of the
\nEnvironment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29
\nof 1986) read with Rule 5 of the
\nEnvironment (Protection) Rules, 1986
\nmade rules for regulation and control of
\nnoise producing and generating sources
\nknown as the noise Pollution (Regulation
\nand Control) Rules, 2000 (for short ‘the
\nsaid Rules’). Rule 3 provides for
\nambient air quality standards in respect
\nof noise for different areas\/zones which
\nreads thus:\n<\/p>\n
 (1) The ambient
\nair quality standards in respect
\nof noise for different areas\/zones
\nshall be such as specified in the
\nSchedule annexed to these
\nrules.\n<\/p>\n
 (2) The State Government may
\ncategorise the areas into industrial,
\ncommercial, residential or silence
\nareas\/zones for the purpose of
\nimplementation of noise standards
\nfor different areas.\n<\/p>\n
 (3) The State Government shall
\ntake measures for abatement of
\nnoise including noise emanating
\nfrom vehicular movements and
\nensure that the existing noise levels
\ndo not exceed the ambient air
\nquality standards specified under
\nthese rules.\n<\/p>\n
 (4) All Development authorities,
\nlocal bodies and other concerned
\nauthorities while planning
\ndevelopmental activity or carrying
\nout functions relating to town and
\ncountry planning shall take into
\nconsideration all aspects of noise
\npollution as a parameter of quality
\nof life to avoid noise menace and to
\nachieve the objective of<\/p>\n
maintaining the ambient air quality
\nstandards in respect of noise.\n<\/p>\n
 (5) An area comprising not less
\nthan 100 metres around hospitals,
\neducational institutions and
\nCourts may be declared as silence
\narea\/zone for the purpose of these
\nrules.\n<\/p>\n
 6. Rule 4 provides for the
\nresponsibility as to enforcement of
\nnoise pollution control measures which
\nis in the following terms:\n<\/p>\n
 (1) The noise levels is
\nany area\/zone shall not exceed the
\nambient air quality standards in
\nrespect of noise as specified in the
\nSchedule.\n<\/p>\n
 (2) The authority shall be
\nresponsible for the enforcement of
\nnoise pollution control measures
\nand the due compliance of the
\nambient air quality standards in
\nrespect of noise.\n<\/p>\n
 7. Rule 6 lays down as regards
\nthe consequences of violation in silence
\nzone\/ area which reads as follows:\n<\/p>\n
 Whoever, in any place covered
\nunder the silence zone\/area commits
\nany of the following offence, he shall
\nbe liable for penalty under the provisions
\nof the Act:\n<\/p>\n
 (i) whoever, plays
\nany music or uses any sound
\namplifiers;\n<\/p>\n
 (ii) whoever, beats a drum or
\ntom-tom blows a horn either
\nmusical or pressure or trumpet or
\nbeats or sounds any instrument; or <\/p>\n
 (iii) whoever, exhibits any
\nmimetic, musical or other
\nperformances of a
\nnature to attract
\ncrowds.\n<\/p>\n
 8. Rule 7 provides for filing of
\ncomplaints to the authority. Rule 8
\nempowers the authority to prohibit
\ncontinuance of music sound or noise. In
\nthe schedule<\/p>\n
appended to the said Rules ambient Air
\nQuality Standards in respect of noise
\nhas been laid down which is in the
\nfollowing terms:\n<\/p>\n
  area Code <\/p>\n
  Catlegory of
\n  Area\/Zone<\/p>\n
  Limits
\n  in dB(A)Leg <\/p>\n
  \u00a0<\/p>\n
  \u00a0<\/p>\n
   Day time<\/p>\n
    Night time<\/p>\n
  (A) Industrie area<\/p>\n
  Wustrial area<\/p>\n
  75<\/span><\/p>\n
  70<\/span><\/p>\n
  (B) Commercial area<\/p>\n
  Commercial area<\/p>\n
  65<\/span><\/p>\n
  55<\/span><\/p>\n
  (C) Residential area<\/p>\n
  Residential area<\/p>\n
  55<\/span><\/p>\n
  45<\/span><\/p>\n
  (D) Silence Zone<\/p>\n
  Silence Zone<\/p>\n
  50<\/span><\/p>\n
  40<\/span><\/p>\n
 Note :–1. Day
\ntime shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to
\n10.00 p.m. <\/p>\n
 2.   Night time shall mean from
\n10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m. <\/p>\n
 3. Silence zone is defined as an
\narea comprising not less than 100
\nmetres around hospitals,
\neducational institutions and
\nCourts. The silence zones are
\nzones which are declared as such
\nby the competent authority.\n<\/p>\n
 4.   Mixed categories of areas
\nmay be declared as one of the
\nfour above mentioned categories
\nby the competent
\nauthority.\n<\/p>\n
 dB(A) Leq, denotes the time
\nweighted average of the level of sound
\nin decibel on scale A which is
\nrelatable to human hearing.\n<\/p>\n
 A “decibel” is a unit in which
\nnoise is measured.\n<\/p>\n
 “A”, in dB(A) Leq, denotes the
\nfrequency weighting in the
\nmeasurement of noise and
\ncorresponds to frequency response
\ncharacteristics of the human ear.\n<\/p>\n
 Leq: It is an energy mean of the
\nnoise level over a specified period.\n<\/p>\n
 9. The Governor of Andhra
\nPradesh in exercise of the powers
\nconferred by Sections 28, 38, 95, 96,
\n107, 111, 138 and 176 of the Motor
\nVehicles Act, 1988 (Central Act 59 of
\n1988) made Rules known as Andhra
\nPradesh Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989. Rule
\n427 of the said Rules which deals with
\nsound signals and restrictions on the
\nwhereof reads thus:\n<\/p>\n
  Sound signals –\n<\/p>\n
Restrictions on use of:–No driver of a
\nmotor vehicle shall sound the horn or
\nother device for giving audible
\nwarning, with which the motor
\nvehicle is equipped, or shall cause
\nor allow any other person to do so, to
\nan extent beyond that which is
\nreasonable necessary to ensure
\nsafety.\n<\/p>\n
 10. Rule 428 of A.P. Motor
\nVehicles Rules, 1989 empowers the
\nauthority to issue notification to prohibit
\nsound signals in the following terms:\n<\/p>\n
 The Commissioner of
\nPolice in the Cities of Hyderabad and
\nSecunderabad and elsewhere the
\nCollector may, by notification in the
\nOfficial Gazette and by the erection
\nin suitable places of appropriate
\ntraffic signs prescribed under the
\nAct, prohibit the use of any horn,
\ngong or other device on a motor
\nvehicle for giving suitable warning
\nwithin such locality and during such
\nhours as may be specified in the
\nnotification :\n<\/p>\n
 Provided that when the
\nCommissioner of Police or the
\nCollector as the case may be, prohibits
\nthe use of any horn, gong or other
\ndevice for giving audible warning during
\ncertain specified hours, he shall cause
\na suitable notice in English and in the
\nscript of the city or district, setting
\nforth the hours within which such use
\nis so prohibited to be affixed below
\nthe traffic sign.\n<\/p>\n
 11. Rule 119 of the V Central
\nMotor Vehicles Rules, 1989 reads
\nthus:\n<\/p>\n
 Horns: (A) Every
\nmotor vehicle shall befitted with an
\nelectric horn or other device
\n(conforming to the specifications of the
\nBureau of Indian Standards) for use
\nby the driver of the vehicle and
\ncapable of giving audience and sufficient
\nwanting of the approach or position of
\nthe vehicle.\n<\/p>\n
 (B) No motor vehicle shall
\nbefitted with any multi-toned horn
\ngiving a succession of different notes
\nor with any other sound producing
\ndevice giving an unduly harsh, shrill,
\nloud or alarming noise.\n<\/p>\n
 (C) Nothing contained in sub-
\nrule (2) shall prevent the use in
\nvehicles used as ambulance or for fire
\nfighting of salvage purposes or a
\nvehicle used by police officers or
\nofficers of Motor Vehicles
\nDepartment in the course of their duties,
\nof such sound signals as may be approved
\nby the registering authority in whose
\njurisdiction such vehicles are
\nkept.\n<\/p>\n
 12. There exists difference
\nbetween sound as part of nature and sound
\ngenerated by electrical and electronic
\ndevices being the contribution of
\nmodern science. Although from the
\ninception of the civilisaiton sound is
\npart of the nature, but unwanted noise
\ncreated from the sources like
\nloudspeakers, air horns fitted to motor
\nvehicles, playing of music records etc.,
\nis not desirable.\n<\/p>\n
 13. The effect of noise pollution
\nis a matter of great concern to the
\nmankind. Noise not only causes annoyance
\nto mankind outside his home but also
\ninvades his home. Noise pollution has been
\nbrought within the purview of Air
\n(Prevention and Control of Pollution)
\nAct, 1981 as amended by Act No.47 of
\n1987 which came into force with effect
\nfrom 1-4-1988. It is now established that
\nnoise is a form of environmental
\ndegradation and it has serious implication
\non health which can change man’s<\/p>\n
psychological state by speeding up pulse
\nand respiratory rates. It also impair hearing
\neither permanently or temporarily. Millions
\nof industrial workers are threatened with
\nhearing damage. Medical evidence shows
\nthat it can cause heart attacks in individual
\nwith existing cardiac injury and that
\ncontinued exposure to loud noise is likely
\nto cause chronic effects such as hyper-
\ntension or ulcer. Noise also causes both
\ninjury and nuisance and alarming noise
\ncauses disturbance and distraction to the
\nstudents who are not able to concentrate
\nfully due to irritation caused by such devices.
\nIt is also causing adverse effect on infants,
\nsick and elderly persons.\n<\/p>\n
 14. W.S. Gilbert in ‘The Grand
\nDuke’ stated:\n<\/p>\n
 When you have
\ngot a beehive in your head, <\/p>\n
 And a sewing machine in each
\near, <\/p>\n
 And you feel like you have eaten
\nyour bed, <\/p>\n
 And you have got a bad headache
\ndown here.\n<\/p>\n
 15. Noise is also created by
\ntraffic and it also causes disturbed sleep.
\nThe citizens have right to sleep peacefully
\nand also a right to a decent environment
\nas highlighted by the Supreme Court in
\nvarious decisions which are all well
\nknown in the field of pollution. In view of
\nthe enormous increase in number of motor
\nvehicles of all types every year, the
\nmenace of noise pollution is posing
\nproblems, to the mankind. The effect of bad
\nright sleep as highlighted by an eminent
\nscientist in the field Fiona Goolee in his
\narticle in British medical journal, in
\nwhich it was stated that noise can have
\npositive effects on health. The effect of
\nbad night sleep includes mood change,
\nreduce cardiovascular performance and
\npoor performance at intellectual and
\nmechanical tasks and it was further<\/p>\n
observed in a recent review of research
\ninto noise and sleep recommends that
\nsound at night in sleeping quarters should
\nnot exceed 45 DB (A). It was held that
\nnoise also adversely affects behaviour,
\nincreasing anxiety and reducing the
\nincidence of helpful behaviour. Levels of
\naggression are increased by loud noise,
\nan effect which may persist outside the
\nnoisy environment. Steel workers have
\nmore domestic disputes if they work in
\nnoisy areas. Noise is unacceptable not
\nonly to human beings but also to animals.
\nThere cannot be any doubt that
\ntremendous sound beyond permissible
\nlimits is anti-thesis of civilised order. The
\neffect of noise even on the domesticated
\nanimals like pet dogs in a common
\nman’s knowledge.\n<\/p>\n
 16. So far as noise pollution
\ncaused by the use of air horns is
\nconcerned, as indicated hereinbefore,
\nthe same is fully covered by the A.P.
\nMotor Vehicles Rules, 1989 and the
\nCentral Motor Vehicles Rules.\n<\/p>\n
 17. In Rabin Mukerjee v. State of
\nWest Bengal, , a
\nlearned Judge of the Calcutta High
\nCourt while considering Rule 114(d) of
\nBengal Motor Vehicles Rules, 1940
\nwhich is in pari materia with Rule 119
\nof Central Motor Vehicles Rules, it was
\nheld that apart from the fact that use of
\nelectric or air horn is not permissible in
\npublic vehicle, the air and electric horn
\nproduces or causes unduly rash, shrills,
\nloud and alarming noise. It was also
\nfound that research conducted jointly
\nby Basu Bignan Mandir and Presidency
\nCollege, Calcutta showed that the
\natmosphere and the environment in the
\ncity of Calcutta and its suburbans was
\nvery much polluted from discriminating
\nnoise emitted from different quarters. It
\nwas held:\n<\/p>\n
  It is also desirable in
\nthe larger public interest that the
\nrespondents and the State
\nGovernment and the authorities<\/p>\n
should take suitable measures to
\nimplement the provision of Rule
\n114(d) of the Motor Vehicles Rules,
\n1940 and no certificate of fitness
\nshould be granted under Section 38
\nof the said Act, in case of non-
\ncompliance of the provisions of Rule
\n114(d) of the said Rules so that this
\ntype of noise pollution is eradicated at
\nany early date from the State of West
\nBengal.\n<\/p>\n
 18. Yet again in Nayan Bchari
\nDass v. State of Orissa (Original
\nJurisdiction Case No. 3481 of 1992),
\na Division Bench of the Orissa High
\nCourt dealing with Section 119 of the
\nCentral Motor Vehicles Rules held:
\n   It cannot be denied that
\nconstant use of such devices
\nproducing unduly harsh, shrill, loud or
\nalarming noise is bound to cause
\ndisturbance and distraction to the
\nstudents who are notable to concentrate
\nfully due to irritation caused by such
\ndevices. It is also causing adverse effect
\non infants, sick and elderly persons.
\nAudio generally causing inconvenience
\nas persons like the petitioner are not able
\nto concentrate on their work because of
\nconstant sound pollution. Thus it is an
\naddition to the already exiting should
\npollution and appropriate steps are
\nrequired to be taken for controlling the
\nsame. But, as the use of such type of
\nhorns is not permitted by the rules the
\nquestion of issuing any direction
\nprohibiting such use does not arise.
\nHowever, we consider it to be a fit case
\nin which some directions are to be issued.
\nAccordingly, we fell that it would be
\nappropriate, if at regular intervals
\nannouncement is made through the
\nmedium of All India Radio and
\nDoordarshan and the Press that the use
\nof multi-toned horns or such other devices
\ncreating unduly harsh, shrill, loud or
\nalarming noise is prohibited. It will be
\nadvisable if notices are exhibited at the<\/p>\n
bus stops and at the RTO Offices
\nregarding the prohibition on the use
\nof multi-toned horns and similar
\ndevices. The authorities may also
\nconsider printing of a warning of
\naffixing of a rubber stamp on all
\napplication forms required for fitness
\ncertificates, permits and in the
\nregistration books, that the use of multi-
\ntoned horns and other similar devices
\ncreating unduly harsh, shrill, loud or
\nalarming sounds is prohibited under the
\nCentral Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989.
\nBut all this would not be sufficient
\nunless follow up is taken by the
\nappropriate authorities against those
\ncommitting the breach.\n<\/p>\n
 19. The averments made in the
\ncounter-\n<\/p>\n
affidavit filed by the respondents and the
\nstatus report filed by the A.P. Pollution
\nControl Board clearly depict that there
\nexits
\nsound pollution in the City of Vijayawada
\ncaused due to noise generated from motor
\nvehicles and air horns etc., fitted to them. It
\nalso stands admitted that despite taken action
\nin this regard, the ambient Air Quality
\nStandards in respect of noise fixed by the
\nCentral Pollution Control Board in terms of
\nthe Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control)
\nRules, 2000 as also the directives issued
\nby
\nthe Commissioner of Police had not produced
\nthe desired results.\n<\/p>\n
 20. The Commissioner of
\nPolice, Vijayawada city, therefore,
\nmust take appropriate action not only for
\nthe purpose of enforcement of the said
\nrules but also for implementation of the
\nguidelines issued by the A.P. Pollution
\nControl Board and furthermore shall take
\nappropriate action in accordance with
\nRules 427 and 428 of A.P. Motor Vehicles
\nRules, 1989, to prohibit the use of air
\nhorns and see that the directives issued in
\nthis regard from time to time are complied
\nwith scrupulously. Announcements should
\nbe made at regular intervals through the
\nelectronic media, press as regards the
\nprohibition of the use of multi-toned
\nhorns<\/p>\n
or such other devices creating unduly harsh,
\nshrill, loud or alarming noise. The authority
\nshould also issue appropriate directions
\nregarding printing of a warning or affixing
\nof a rubber stamp on all application forms
\nrequired for fitness certificates, permits and
\nin the registration books to the effect that
\nthe use of such horns and other similar
\ndevices creating unduly harsh, shrill, loud
\nor alarming sounds is prohibited under the
\nrules.\n<\/p>\n
 21. Let a copy of this order be
\ncommunicated to the Chief Secretary,
\nGovernment of Andhra Pradesh, Secretary,
\nTransport Department, Commissioner
\nof Transport, Director-General and
\nInspector General of Police, for taking
\nappropriate follow up action in the light
\nof the above order.\n<\/p>\n
 22. For the reasons afore-
\nmentioned, the writ petition is disposed
\nof with the above directions. There shall
\nbe no order as to costs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Andhra High Court P. Ramakrishna Sastry vs Commissioner Of Police, … on 15 June, 2001 Equivalent citations: 2001 (4) ALT 326 Author: S Sinha Bench: S Sinah, V Rao ORDER S.B. Sinha, CJ 1. This writ petition was taken up as a Public Interest Litigation on the basis of a letter dated 16-9-2000 written by […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-230638","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-andhra-high-court","category-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nP. 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