{"id":232278,"date":"2009-05-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-05-13T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/davender-lal-mehta-vs-sh-dharmender-mehta-anr-on-14-may-2009"},"modified":"2015-07-11T05:17:13","modified_gmt":"2015-07-10T23:47:13","slug":"davender-lal-mehta-vs-sh-dharmender-mehta-anr-on-14-may-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/davender-lal-mehta-vs-sh-dharmender-mehta-anr-on-14-may-2009","title":{"rendered":"Davender Lal Mehta vs Sh. Dharmender Mehta & Anr. on 14 May, 2009"},"content":{"rendered":"
Delhi High Court<\/div>\n
Davender Lal Mehta vs Sh. Dharmender Mehta & Anr. on 14 May, 2009<\/div>\n
Author: V.B.Gupta<\/div>\n
*      HIGH COURT OF DELHI : NEW DELHI\n\n    RFA App. No.789\/2006 & CM No.17561\/2008\n\n     %           Judgment reserved on: 30th April, 2009\n\n                 Judgment delivered on:14th May, 2009\n\n1. Davender Lal Mehta,\n   S\/o. Late Shri Satyapal Mehta\n   R\/o. A-100, Anand Vihar\n   New Delhi                            ....Appellant\n                     Through: Mr. G.L. Rawal, Sr. Adv.\n                              with Mr. Ankur Sethi,\n                              Adv.\n\n                   Versus\n\n1. Sh. Dharmender Mehta,\n   S\/o. Shri Davender Lal Mehta\n   R\/o. D-135, Anand Vihar\n   New Delhi\n\n2. Smt. Saroj Mehta,\n   w\/o. Shri Davender Lal Mehta\n   R\/o. D-135, Anand Vihar,\n   New Delhi\n   (Deleted vide order dt. 27\/05\/2008)       Respondents.\n\n                          Through: Mr. H.S. Arora, Adv. for\n                                   respondent No.1.\n\nCoram:\nHON'BLE MR. JUSTICE V.B. GUPTA\n\n1. Whether the Reporters of local papers may\n   be allowed to see the judgment?                        Yes\n\n2. To be referred to Reporter or not?                     Yes\n\n\n\n\nRFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008                 Page 1 of 17\n 3. Whether the judgment should be reported\n   in the Digest?                                            Yes\n\n      V.B.Gupta, J.\n<\/pre>\n
      The appellant has filed this appeal against decree<\/p>\n
and judgment dated 25th September, 2006, passed by<\/p>\n
Sh. M.K. Gupta, Additional District Judge, Delhi, who<\/p>\n
vide impugned judgment, dismissed the suit of the<\/p>\n
appellant.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.    The brief facts of this case are that appellant is<\/p>\n
the   father     of   respondent      No.1   and   husband         of<\/p>\n
respondent No.2.            He filed the present suit for<\/p>\n
permanent injunction on 24th September, 1999, on the<\/p>\n
allegations that, he is owner in possession of property<\/p>\n
No. D-135, Anand Vihar, New Delhi and this property<\/p>\n
has been acquired by him from his previous owner.<\/p>\n
Respondent        No.2     has     been   cruel   towards     him.<\/p>\n
Sometimes on account of torture committed upon him,<\/p>\n
he goes and sleeps in the house of his other son, Sh.<\/p>\n
Bhupinder Mehta at A-144, Anand Vihar, New Delhi,<\/p>\n
though appellant permanently resides in the property<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008                    Page 2 of 17<\/span>
\n in question and all his goods and belongings are lying<\/p>\n
there.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.    It has been further alleged that respondent No.1<\/p>\n
is not permitting the appellant to enter the house,<\/p>\n
though the appellant is owner in possession of the<\/p>\n
property.     Respondent No.1 is living in this property<\/p>\n
illegally and without any authority of law and appellant<\/p>\n
is thus entitled to damages for use and occupation of<\/p>\n
the property by respondent No.1.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.    Appellant thus sought a decree for permanent<\/p>\n
injunction in his favour, and against respondent No.1,<\/p>\n
restraining him from entering upon, living or otherwise<\/p>\n
keeping any of his goods in property in question.           It<\/p>\n
was also prayed that respondents be restrained from<\/p>\n
causing any interference in the peaceful enjoyment of<\/p>\n
the property by the appellant and his family members<\/p>\n
and respondents be restrained from causing any<\/p>\n
hindrance\/interference in the egress and ingress of<\/p>\n
appellant and his other son and his family, from<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008             Page 3 of 17<\/span>
\n entering upon the said property and from removing or<\/p>\n
bringing in any goods and belongings of the appellant<\/p>\n
and his other son.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
5.     In the written statement filed by the respondents,<\/p>\n
it was stated that property in question was purchased<\/p>\n
from    the    sale    of   golden   jewellery   belonging        to<\/p>\n
respondent No.2 and out of her savings. The appellant<\/p>\n
under the garb of the present suit is claiming the<\/p>\n
recoveries of the goods which are not permissible<\/p>\n
under the law.        As a matter of fact, the appellant is<\/p>\n
residing with his elder son, Bhupender at A-144, Anand<\/p>\n
Vihar, Delhi, while respondent No.2 is residing with<\/p>\n
respondent No.1 in the property in question.              It has<\/p>\n
been denied by the respondents that appellant is in<\/p>\n
possession of the suit property.         Respondent No.1 is<\/p>\n
living in the suit property in order to look after his<\/p>\n
aged and willing mother namely respondent No.2. The<\/p>\n
appellant has no right over the suit property as the<\/p>\n
same belongs to respondent No.2.\n<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008                   Page 4 of 17<\/span>\n<\/p>\n
 6.    The trial court framed following issues;<\/p>\n
         “1. Whether the suit is not maintainable
\n         as mentioned in Preliminary Objection
\n         No.1 of the written statement?(OPD)\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         2. Whether the suit is not property valued
\n         for the purpose of court fees and
\n         jurisdiction? OPD\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         3. Whether the suit is barred U\/s 41(h) of
\n         Specific Relief Act? OPD\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         4. Whether the property in question was
\n         purchased from the sale proceedings of
\n         bulk of Golden Ornaments belonging to
\n         defendant no.2? If so to what effect?
\n         (OPD)\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         5. Whether Plaintiff is entitled to decree
\n         of permanent injunction as prayed?\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
         6. Relief.”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
7.    After framing of issues, appellant led evidence.<\/p>\n
Thereafter, an application under Order 23 Rule 3 CPC<\/p>\n
dated 27th October, 2005 for compromise was filed and<\/p>\n
matter between appellant and respondent No.2 was<\/p>\n
compromised.\n<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008             Page 5 of 17<\/span>\n<\/p>\n
 8.      Trial court thereafter, held that though the case<\/p>\n
has reached at the stage of recording of the evidence<\/p>\n
of respondent but it heard the counsel for the parties<\/p>\n
at length on the point of maintainability of the suit,<\/p>\n
considering the prayers made by the appellant in the<\/p>\n
suit.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
9.      As regard the first prayer of the appellant, it held<\/p>\n
that the present suit is only for permanent injunction<\/p>\n
on      which   court    fee       has   been   paid   accordingly.<\/p>\n
Appellant and the contesting respondent, are the<\/p>\n
father and son and considering the status of the<\/p>\n
parties, title is not going to be decided in the present<\/p>\n
suit. It further held, that the appellant under the guise<\/p>\n
of injunction is seeking possession from respondent<\/p>\n
No.1 and thus the same relief cannot be granted to the<\/p>\n
appellant and proper remedy for appellant is to file a<\/p>\n
suit for possession against respondent.<\/p>\n
10. The court further held that as another equally<\/p>\n
efficacious remedy available to the appellant is to file a<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008                       Page 6 of 17<\/span>
\n suit for possession, the suit for permanent injunction is<\/p>\n
not maintainable and consequently, it dismissed the<\/p>\n
suit of the appellant.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
11. It has been contended by learned counsel for the<\/p>\n
appellant that no doubt under Order 14 Code of Civil<\/p>\n
Procedure,       it   is   open    for   the   Court     to    frame<\/p>\n
preliminary issue but only those issues which pertains<\/p>\n
to question of law. The trial court thus mislead itself<\/p>\n
while dismissing the present suit on the premise of<\/p>\n
impugned order, without appreciating that there was<\/p>\n
no preliminary issue between the parties.<\/p>\n
12. Learned counsel further contended that the suit<\/p>\n
cannot be decided suo moto at the instance of the<\/p>\n
court, much less when the issues relate to mixed<\/p>\n
question of law and fact.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
13. Another contention is that the trial court failed to<\/p>\n
appreciate the pleadings set out in the plaint and the<\/p>\n
stand taken and that too specifically set out in details<\/p>\n
that appellant has been and continued to be in actual<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008                       Page 7 of 17<\/span>
\n and physical possession of the subject property and so<\/p>\n
highlighted from the record of the Local Commissioner<\/p>\n
and otherwise, there was no occasion for appellant to<\/p>\n
file suit for possession.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
14. Learned counsel for the appellant also contended<\/p>\n
that appellant has already moved an application for<\/p>\n
amendment         and     appellant   wants   to   amend          his<\/p>\n
pleadings and convert his present suit, to a suit for<\/p>\n
recovery of the possession.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
15. On the other hand, it has been argued by learned<\/p>\n
counsel for respondent that no ambiguity or infirmity<\/p>\n
can be found with the judgment of the trial court, since<\/p>\n
appellant, admittedly, filed a suit for permanent<\/p>\n
injunction against respondent No.1, though as per<\/p>\n
averments made in the plaint, respondent No.1 is in<\/p>\n
possession of the suit property. When respondent No.1<\/p>\n
is in possession of the suit property, the suit for<\/p>\n
permanent injunction simpliciter is not maintainable.<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008                   Page 8 of 17<\/span>\n<\/p>\n
 16. As far as amendment of the plaint is concerned, it<\/p>\n
is contended by learned counsel for the respondent<\/p>\n
that when appellant had got equally efficacious remedy<\/p>\n
available under the law, he cannot be permitted to<\/p>\n
amend his suit for permanent injunction to a suit for<\/p>\n
recovery of possession and moreover, proviso to Order<\/p>\n
6 Rule 17 CPC as amended in 2002, prohibits allowing<\/p>\n
of amendment of pleadings, after commencement of<\/p>\n
the trial.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
17. As regards framing of a preliminary issue is<\/p>\n
concerned, it is admitted by the appellant that the<\/p>\n
defendant no.1 is in occupation of the suit premises<\/p>\n
and when a fact is admitted by a party to the suit, the<\/p>\n
same need not be proved or evidence be adduced for<\/p>\n
the same fact, as per Section 58 of the Indian Evidence<\/p>\n
Act, 1872. This section reads as under:<\/p>\n
             “Section 58 – Facts admitted need
\n             not be proved:-\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
             No fact need to be proved in any
\n             proceeding which the parties thereto
\n             or their agents agree to admit at the<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008               Page 9 of 17<\/span>
\n            hearing, or which, before the
\n           hearing, they agree to admit by any
\n           writing under their hands, or which
\n           by any rule of pleading in force at the
\n           time they are deemed to have
\n           admitted by their pleadings:\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
           Provided that the court may, in its
\n           discretion, require the facts admitted
\n           to be proved otherwise than by such
\n           admission.”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
18. Even if some evidence has been adduced, still the<\/p>\n
court can decide the issue as preliminary issue, as to<\/p>\n
maintainability of suit. See Madras High Court in S.G.<\/p>\n
Badrinath v. V. Jagannathan and another, AIR<\/p>\n
2004 Mad 161, where it was held that;\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
           “Issue at jurisdiction of a Court could
\n           not be said to be purely an issue of
\n           law, some cases issue involved mixed
\n           questions of fact and law. Merely
\n           because some evidence was required
\n           to be taken an issue could not be
\n           refused to be tried as preliminary
\n           issue such as an issue regarding
\n           jurisdiction or maintainability of suit
\n           or Court-fee. However, Courts could
\n           try issue as preliminary issue only if
\n           the facts are independent and self-
\n           contained and do not have any<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008               Page 10 of 17<\/span>
\n            bearing on the facts which may arise
\n           for consideration of the suit.”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
19. Thus, the trial court was justified in deciding as to<\/p>\n
whether      a    suit   for       injunction   or   possession        is<\/p>\n
maintainable or not.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
20. Now the question arises as to whether in a suit<\/p>\n
for injunction, possession can be claimed or not.<\/p>\n
Supreme Court in Anathula Sudhakar v. P.Buchi<\/p>\n
Reddy (dead) by LR’s and others, AIR 2008 SC<\/p>\n
2033 held;\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
           “To summarize, the position in
\n           regard to suits for prohibitory
\n           injunction relating to immovable
\n           property, is as under:\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
           (a) Where a cloud is raised over
\n           plaintiff’s title and he does not have
\n           possession, a suit for declaration and
\n           possession, with or without a
\n           consequential injunction, is the
\n           remedy. Where the plaintiff’s title is
\n           not in dispute or under a cloud, but
\n           he is out of possession, he has to sue
\n           for possession with a consequential
\n           injunction. Where there is merely an
\n           interference with plaintiff’s lawful<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008                       Page 11 of 17<\/span>
\n            possession or threat of dispossession,
\n           it is sufficient to sue for an injunction
\n           simpliciter.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
           (b) As a suit for injunction simpliciter
\n           is concerned only with possession,
\n           normally the issue of title will not be
\n           directly and substantially in issue.
\n           The prayer for injunction will be
\n           decided with reference to the finding
\n           on possession. But in cases where de
\n           jure possession has to be established
\n           on the basis of title to the property,
\n           as in the case of vacant sites, the
\n           issue of title may directly and
\n           substantially arise for consideration,
\n           as without a finding thereon, it will
\n           not be possible to decide the issue of
\n           possession.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
           (c) But a finding on title cannot be
\n           recorded in a suit for injunction,
\n           unless there are necessary pleadings
\n           and appropriate issue regarding title
\n           [either specific, or implied as noticed
\n           in Annaimuthu Thevar v. Alagammal
\n           (AIR<\/a> 2005 SC 4004)]. Where the
\n           averments regarding title are absent
\n           in a plaint and where there is no
\n           issue relating to title, the court will
\n           not investigate or examine or render
\n           a finding on a question of title, in a
\n           suit for injunction. Even where there
\n           are necessary pleadings and issue, if
\n           the matter involves complicated<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008                 Page 12 of 17<\/span>
\n            questions of fact and law relating to
\n           title, the court will relegate the
\n           parties to the remedy by way of
\n           comprehensive suit for declaration of
\n           title, instead of deciding the issue in
\n           a suit for mere injunction.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
           (d) Where there are necessary
\n           pleadings    regarding      title,  and
\n           appropriate issue relating to title on
\n           which parties lead evidence, if the
\n           matter involved is simple and
\n           straight-forward, the court may
\n           decide upon the issue regarding title,
\n           even in a suit for injunction. But such
\n           cases, are the exception to the
\n           normal rule that question of title will
\n           not be decided in suits for injunction.
\n           But persons having clear title and
\n           possession suing for injunction,
\n           should not be driven to the costlier
\n           and more cumbersome remedy of a
\n           suit for declaration, merely because
\n           some      meddler      vexatiously   or
\n           wrongfully makes a claim or tries to
\n           encroach upon his property. The
\n           court should use its discretion
\n           carefully to identify cases where it
\n           will enquire into title and cases
\n           where it will refer to plaintiff to a
\n           more     comprehensive      declaratory
\n           suit, depending upon the facts of the
\n           case.”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008               Page 13 of 17<\/span><\/p>\n
 21. Section 41 of Specific Relief Act, 1963, lays down<\/p>\n
the condition when an injunction can be refused. The<\/p>\n
relevant provision of this Section for the purpose of the<\/p>\n
present case is S.41 (h) which reads as under;<\/p>\n
           “S. 41. Injunction when refused.-
\n           An injunction cannot be granted-\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
           (a) to (g) xxx          xxx xxx xxx xxx<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
           (h) when equally efficacious relief
\n           can certainly be obtained by any
\n           other usual mode of proceeding
\n           except in case of breach of trust;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
           (i) & (j) xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
22. Admittedly, respondent No.1 is in possession as<\/p>\n
per appellant’s own case.            Therefore, proper remedy<\/p>\n
for appellant was to file suit for possession with<\/p>\n
injunction. The present suit simpliciter for injunction,<\/p>\n
is not maintainable and as such, I do not find any<\/p>\n
infirmity in the impugned judgment of the trial court<\/p>\n
and the present appeal is not maintainable and is liable<\/p>\n
to be dismissed.\n<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008                     Page 14 of 17<\/span>
\n +CM No.17561\/2008
\n*<\/p>\n
23. By way of present application, the appellant seeks<\/p>\n
to amend his plaint. He wants to convert the present<\/p>\n
suit of injunction into a suit for recovery of possession,<\/p>\n
with consequential relief of injunction.<\/p>\n
24. The present suit was filed on 23rd September,<\/p>\n
1999. During pendency of the suit, appellant filed an<\/p>\n
application under Order 39 Rules 1 & 2 CPC. On 19th<\/p>\n
July, 2002, while disposing of the application, it was<\/p>\n
observed by B.N. Chaturvedi, J. that;<\/p>\n
           “Since the defendant No.1 has,
\n           admittedly, been in occupation of the
\n           suit premises, even if he is an
\n           unauthorized occupant, the plaintiff
\n           cannot seek to recover possession
\n           from him simply by seeking a
\n           permanent restraint order against
\n           him from entering upon the suit
\n           property or living therein or keeping
\n           any of his goods there. The proper
\n           remedy would be to bring a suit for
\n           recovery of possession from him.”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
25. In spite of this finding given by this Court, the<\/p>\n
appellant continued with his suit for permanent<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008             Page 15 of 17<\/span>
\n injunction. Trial court ultimately dismissed the suit of<\/p>\n
the appellant on 25th September, 2006.         Thereafter<\/p>\n
appellant filed the present appeal and now in the year<\/p>\n
2008 only, during the pendency of the present appeal,<\/p>\n
appellant filed the present application.<\/p>\n
26. As per averments made in the suit for injunction,<\/p>\n
cause of action arose on or about 30th August, 1999.<\/p>\n
The present application for amendment has been filed<\/p>\n
after more than nine years, after filing of the suit for<\/p>\n
injunction.      In spite of order dated 19th July, 2002,<\/p>\n
passed by this Court making observation “that the<\/p>\n
proper remedy would be to bring the suit for recovery<\/p>\n
of possession”, the appellant, even thereafter did not<\/p>\n
amend his plaint.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
27. Under these circumstances, I hold that present<\/p>\n
application for amendment of the plaint is hopelessly<\/p>\n
time barred and there is considerable delay and<\/p>\n
latches in filing of this application.       Accordingly,<\/p>\n
application for amendment is also not maintainable.<\/p>\n
RFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008              Page 16 of 17<\/span>\n<\/p>\n
 28. In view of the above discussion, I hold that the<\/p>\n
present appeal as well as application for amendment<\/p>\n
are    not maintainable and the same are        hereby<\/p>\n
dismissed with costs of Rs.20,000\/-.<\/p>\n
29. Costs be paid by the appellant to respondent<\/p>\n
No.1, within one month from today, failing which the<\/p>\n
trial court shall recover the same, in accordance with<\/p>\n
law.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
30. Trial court record be sent back.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
14th May, 2009                         V.B. GUPTA,\nJ.\nrb\n\n\n\n\nRFA No.789-06 & CM No.17561\/2008          Page 17 of 17<\/span>\n <\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Delhi High Court Davender Lal Mehta vs Sh. Dharmender Mehta & Anr. on 14 May, 2009 Author: V.B.Gupta * HIGH COURT OF DELHI : NEW DELHI RFA App. No.789\/2006 & CM No.17561\/2008 % Judgment reserved on: 30th April, 2009 Judgment delivered on:14th May, 2009 1. Davender Lal Mehta, S\/o. Late Shri Satyapal Mehta R\/o. A-100, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-232278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-delhi-high-court","category-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nDavender Lal Mehta vs Sh. 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