{"id":247269,"date":"1995-02-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1995-02-05T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-new-india-assurance-co-ltd-vs-smt-shanti-bai-ors-on-6-february-1995"},"modified":"2017-01-11T20:22:15","modified_gmt":"2017-01-11T14:52:15","slug":"the-new-india-assurance-co-ltd-vs-smt-shanti-bai-ors-on-6-february-1995","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-new-india-assurance-co-ltd-vs-smt-shanti-bai-ors-on-6-february-1995","title":{"rendered":"The New India Assurance Co. Ltd vs Smt. Shanti Bai & Ors on 6 February, 1995"},"content":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n
The New India Assurance Co. Ltd vs Smt. Shanti Bai & Ors on 6 February, 1995<\/div>\n
Equivalent citations: 1995 AIR 1113, 1995 SCC (2) 539<\/div>\n
Author: M S V.<\/div>\n
Bench: Manohar Sujata (J)<\/div>\n
           PETITIONER:\nTHE NEW INDIA ASSURANCE CO. LTD.\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSMT. SHANTI BAI & ORS.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT06\/02\/1995\n\nBENCH:\nMANOHAR SUJATA V. (J)\nBENCH:\nMANOHAR SUJATA V. (J)\nAHMADI A.M. (CJ)\nBHARUCHA S.P. (J)\n\nCITATION:\n 1995 AIR 1113\t\t  1995 SCC  (2) 539\n JT 1995 (2)\t95\t  1995 SCALE  (1)472\n\n\nACT:\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n
1.   Leave granted.\n<\/p>\n
2.   This appeal by special leave arises from a judgment and
\norder dated 11th of February, 1994 passed by the High  Court
\nof  Madhya  Pradesh in Misc.  Appeal No. 444 of\t 1991.\t The
\nappellant before us is the New India Assurance Company\tLtd.
\nIt had issued a comprehensive insurance policy in respect of
\na  bus which was used for carrying passengers for  hire\t and
\nbearing\t Registration No. CIK-8108, owned by respondent\t No.\n<\/p>\n
4. This insurance policy was in force at the material time.\n<\/p>\n
3.   On 3rd of January, 1989, this bus, while\t  it\t was
\nbeing driven by respondent No. 5,met with an accident.\t The
\ndeceased,  Laxman Singh, who was sitting on the roof top  of
\nthe  bus with the permission of the bus\t driver,  respondent
\nNo.  5,\t hit  a\t tree on account of  the  alleged  rash\t and
\nnegligent driving of the said bus by respondent No.5.He\t was
\nadmitted to hospital and died on 7.1.1989 on account of\t the
\ninjuries  received  in\tthe accident.  The  legal  heirs  of
\nLaxman Singh, who are respondents 1 to 3 before us, filed  a
\nclaim for compensation amounting to Rs. 7,81,000\/-before the
\nMotor  Accident\t Claims Tribunal,  Narsinghpur.\t  The  Motor
\nAccident  Claims  Tribunal, by its  order  dated  10.4.1991,
\nawarded to respondents 1 to 3 compensation of Rs. 1,10,000\/-
\ntogether with interest at the rate of 12% per annum from the
\ndate  of the presentation of the petition and  directed\t the
\nappellant and respondents 4 and 5 to pay the same.\n<\/p>\n
4.    Being  aggrieved by this order,  the  appellant  filed
\nMisc.\tAppeal\tNo.  444 of 1991 before the  High  Court  of
\nMadhya\tPradesh.   The High Court, by its order\t dated\t11th
\nFebruary,  1994, dismissed the appeal of the  appellant\t and
\nconfirmed the findings of the Tribunal.\t The present  appeal
\narises from this order of the Madhya Pradesh.\n<\/p>\n
5.   The short question that we have to consider is  whether
\nthe  appellant is liable to pay compensation to the tune  of
\nRs. 1,10,000\/- together with interest thereon at the rate of
\n12%  from  the date of the presentation of the\tpetition  to
\nrespondents  1\tto  3.\tThe  appellant\tcontends  that\t its
\nliability in this regard is limited to Rs. 15,000\/-.\n<\/p>\n
6.   The insurance policy taken out by the   owner  of\t the
\nsaid bus i.e. respondent No.  4\t herein,  and which  was  in
\nforce at the   relevant\t time, was a  comprehensive  policy.
\nThis policy has been produced before us.  It shows that\t the
\ninsured\t estimated value of the vehicle is Rs. 2,50,000\/  —
\nin  the Schedule of Premium, there in an additional  payment
\nof Rs. 600\/- in respect of 50 passengers.  The claim against
\nthis  amount  states : “for L L to passengers as  per  Ednt.
\nNo.  I.M.T. 12”.  The -appellant-company has contended\tthat
\nit has charged premium at the rate of Rs. 12\/  per passenger
\nin  respect of 50 passengers to cover its limited  liability
\nunder  Section 50<\/a> of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1939 which\t was
\nthen in force.\n<\/p>\n
7.   Section  95<\/a>  forms part of Chapter VIII  of  the  Motor
\nVehicles  Act, 1939 which deals with insurance of motor\t ve-
\nhicles\tagainst\t third party risks.  Under  Section  95<\/a>,  in
\norder  to  comply with the requirements of this\t Chapter,  a
\npolicy of
\n97<\/span>
\ninsurance  must be a policy which, inter alia,\tinsures\t the
\nperson or classes of persons specified in the policy to\t the
\nextent\tspecified  in  sub-section (2).\t  Under\t Section  95<\/a>
\n(1)(b)(ii),  the  insurance policy must cover the  death  or
\nbodily injury to any passenger of a public service  vehicle,
\ncaused\tby  or arising out of the use of the  vehicle  in  a
\npublic place.  Sub-section    (2)(b) provides as follows:-
\n “Section 95(1)<\/a> : x x x\t  xx
\n\t      (2)   Subject  to the proviso  to\t sub-section
\n\t      (1),  a  policy of insurance shall  cover\t any
\n\t      liability\t incurred  in  respect\tof  any\t one
\n\t      accident tip to the following limits, namely –\n<\/p>\n
\t      (a)   x x x x\n<\/p>\n
\t      (b)   Where the vehicle is a vehicle in  which
\n\t      passengers  are carried for hire or reward  or
\n\t      by reason of or in pursuance of a contract  of
\n\t      employment.\n<\/p>\n
\t      (i)   in\t respect  of  persons\tother\tthan
\n\t      passengers carried for hire or reward, a limit
\n\t      of fifty thousand rupees in all;\n<\/p>\n
\t      (ii)  in\trespect\t of passengers, a  limit  of
\n\t      fifteen  thousand rupees for  each  individual
\n\t      passenger;”\n<\/p>\n
There  were  the  provisions at\t the  relevant\ttime,  These
\nprovisions  were  interpreted by this Court in the  case  of
\nNational  Insurance  Co.Ltd., New Delhi v. Jugal  Kishore  &
\nOrs<\/a>.  (1988  (1) SCC 626).  This Court\tobserved  that\teven
\nthough\tit is not permissible to use a vehicle unless it  is
\ncovered\t at  least  under an ‘act only’ policy,\t it  is\t not
\nobligatory   for   the\towner  of  a  vehicle  to   get\t  it
\ncomprehensively\t insured.   In\tcase,  however,\t it  is\t got
\ncomprehensively\t insured,  a higher premium is\tpayable\t de-
\npending\t on  the  estimated  value  of\tthe  vehicle.\tSuch
\ninsurance  entitles the owner to claim reimbursement of\t the
\nentire amount of loss or damage suffered up to the estimated
\nvalue  of the vehicle calculated according to the rules\t and
\nregulations framed in this behalf It has further observed as
\nunder:-\n<\/p>\n
\t      “Comprehensive  insurance of the\tvehicle\t and
\n\t      payment  of  higher  premium  on\tthis  score,
\n\t      however,\tdoes not mean that the limit of\t the
\n\t      liability\t with  regard to  third\t party\trisk
\n\t      becomes unlimited or higher than the statutory
\n\t      liability\t  fixed\t under\tsubsection  (2)\t  of
\n\t      Section  95<\/a>  of the Act.\tFor this  purpose  a
\n\t      specific\tagreement  has\tto  be\tarrived\t  at
\n\t      between  the owner and the  insurance  company
\n\t      and  separate  premium has to be paid  on\t the
\n\t      amount   of   liability  undertaken   by\t the
\n\t      insurance company in this behalf
\nIn the present case, therefore, a comprehensive policy which
\nhas  been issued on the basis of the estimated value of\t the
\nvehicle\t of Rs. 2,50,000\/- does not automatically result  in
\ncovering  the liability with regard to third party risk\t for
\nan amount higher than the statutory limit.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
8.   It was contended before the High Court that a  separate
\npremium\t has been paid for the passengers.  This shows\tthat
\nthere was a special contract to cover unlimited liability in
\nrespect of passengers between the appellant-company and\t re-
\nspondent No. 4. The Tribunal as well as the High Court\tseem
\nto  have proceeded on the basis that  the  appellant-company
\nhad charged an extra premium of 0.50 paise per passenger  to
\ncover the risk of unlimited liability towards passengers.\n<\/p>\n
98<\/span><\/p>\n
This  seems  to be an error.  The premium of Rs.  600\/-\t has
\nbeen  paid in respect of 50 passengers.\t The policy  clearly
\nshows  this.   It is not 0.50 paise per\t passenger.   It  is
\npointed\t out by the appellant-company with reference to\t its
\ntariff\tin  respect  of “Legal Liability  for  Accidents  to
\nPassengers”  that  if  the limit of liability  for  any\t one
\npassenger  is fifteen thousand rupees, the rate\t -of  annual
\npremium\t per passenger is Rs. 12\/-.  If the limit is  twenty
\nthousand  rupees, the rate of premium per passengers is\t Rs.
\n23\/per annum and so on.\t In respect of unlimited  liability,
\nthe premium payable per passenger is Rs. 50\/-.\n<\/p>\n
9.In the present case, the premium which has been paid is at
\nthe rate of Rs. 12\/- per passenger and is clearly  referable
\nto  the statutory liability of fifteen thousand\t rupees\t per
\npassenger under Section 95<\/a> (2)(b)(ii) of the Motor  Vehicles
\nAct<\/a>,  1939.  In the present case, there is no  special\tcon-
\ntract between the appellant-company and respondent No. 4  to
\ncover  unlimited  liability in respect of an accident  to  a
\npassenger.  In the absence of such an express agreement, the
\npolicy\tcovers only the statutory liability.  The mere\tfact
\nthat the insurance policy is a comprehensive policy will not
\nhelp the respondents in any manner.  As pointed. out by this
\nCourt  in the case of National Insurance Co. Ltd.  v.  Jugal
\nKishore\t & Ors<\/a>., (supra) comprehensive policy only  entitles
\nthe  owner  to claim reimbursement of the entire  amount  of
\nloss  or  damage suffered up to the estimated value  of\t the
\nvehicle.  It does not mean that the limit of liability\twith
\nregard to third party risk becomes unlimited or higher\tthan
\nthe  statutory\tliability.   For this  purpose,\t a  specific
\nagreement is necessary which is absent in the present  case.
\nReference in this connection may also be made to the case of
\nM.K. Kunhimohammed v. P.A. Ahmedkutty & Ors<\/a>., (1987 (3)\t SCR
\n1149).\t The  appellant-company is, therefore,\tentitled  to
\nsucceed\t to the extent that it has been directed to  pay  to
\nrespondents 1 to 3 any amount in excess of Rs. 15,000\/-.\n<\/p>\n
10.The,\t appeal is, therefore, allowed to this extent.\t The
\nliability  of the appellant and respondents 4 and 5  to\t pay
\nthe  amount of the award was joint and several.\t We make  it
\nclear  that  the  fact that the appeal is  allowed  and\t the
\nliability  of the appellant is limited to Rs. 15,000\/-\tdoes
\nnot affect in and manner the liability of’ respondents 4 and
\n5 to pay the amount of the award.  There will be no order as
\nto costs.\n<\/p>\n
99<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India The New India Assurance Co. Ltd vs Smt. Shanti Bai & Ors on 6 February, 1995 Equivalent citations: 1995 AIR 1113, 1995 SCC (2) 539 Author: M S V. Bench: Manohar Sujata (J) PETITIONER: THE NEW INDIA ASSURANCE CO. LTD. Vs. RESPONDENT: SMT. SHANTI BAI & ORS. DATE OF JUDGMENT06\/02\/1995 BENCH: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-247269","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"\nThe New India Assurance Co. Ltd vs Smt. 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