{"id":254960,"date":"1993-12-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1993-12-13T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/prakash-chand-sachdeva-vs-state-on-14-december-1993"},"modified":"2018-10-31T16:55:05","modified_gmt":"2018-10-31T11:25:05","slug":"prakash-chand-sachdeva-vs-state-on-14-december-1993","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/prakash-chand-sachdeva-vs-state-on-14-december-1993","title":{"rendered":"Prakash Chand Sachdeva vs State on 14 December, 1993"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Prakash Chand Sachdeva vs State on 14 December, 1993<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1994 AIR 1436, 1994 SCC  (1) 471<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: R Sahai<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Sahai, R.M. (J)<\/div>\n<pre id=\"pre_1\">           PETITIONER:\nPRAKASH CHAND SACHDEVA\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSTATE\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT14\/12\/1993\n\nBENCH:\nSAHAI, R.M. (J)\nBENCH:\nSAHAI, R.M. (J)\nPANDIAN, S.R. (J)\n\nCITATION:\n 1994 AIR 1436\t\t  1994 SCC  (1) 471\n 1993 SCALE  (4)657\n\n\nACT:\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p id=\"p_1\">The Judgment of the Court was delivered by<br \/>\nR.M. SAHAI, J.- Ingratitude of a son, compelled his  father,<br \/>\nthe appellant, a retired Assistant Engineer aged 77 years to<br \/>\nknock  the doors of the courts, both civil and criminal,  to<br \/>\nenter  into  possession\t of his own house.  As\tif  this  by<br \/>\nitself\twas  not  sufficient,  the  respondent-son  in\t the<br \/>\naffidavit  filed  in this Court, has accused his  father  of<br \/>\n&#8216;abusing   process  of\tCourt&#8217;\ton  &#8216;false  and\t  fabricated<br \/>\nallegations&#8217;.\tHe has even taken the plea that\t his  father<br \/>\nwas &#8216;trying to overawe him&#8217; and instead of seeking partition<br \/>\nof  the property as it was ancestral and he was co-owner  of<br \/>\nit, he was harassing him.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_1\">2.Dispute arose about an independent portion in House No.<br \/>\nG-39,  Jangpura Extension, New Delhi.  It was in  occupation<br \/>\nof  a tenant who admittedly vacated in February\t 1992.\t The<br \/>\nappellant claims to have occupied it. The claim is supported<br \/>\nby a letter written by the tenant to the appellant on  April<br \/>\n14, 1992 to the following effect:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote id=\"blockquote_1\"><p>\t      &#8220;I  have vacated your Ground Floor Flat at  G-<br \/>\n\t      39, Jangpura Extn. today and possession of the<br \/>\n\t      same was handed over to your goodself.<br \/>\n\t      Please  issue me a no dues certificate at\t the<br \/>\n\t      earliest.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote id=\"blockquote_1\"><p>\t      Thanking you and with regards,&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p id=\"p_2\">The  authenticity  of the letter is not disputed.   But\t its<br \/>\neffect had been attempted to be diluted by the respondent by<br \/>\nclaiming that it was written to harm him as he got the house<br \/>\nvacated.   The\trespondent claims that the  appellant  never<br \/>\nresided\t in  the  house in dispute.  May  be  so.   Why\t the<br \/>\nappellant who was residing in another House No. 15\/239,\t New<br \/>\nMoti  Nagar  of his own with family of his  other  son,\t who<br \/>\ndied,  decided\tto  shift  to  the  house  in  dispute,\t  is<br \/>\nimmaterial.   An  owner\t of the house could  at\t his  option<br \/>\nreside at his one or the other house.  Even if it is assumed<br \/>\nthat  the disputed house is ancestral the appellant was\t not<br \/>\nrequired to explain the reason for his decision to come\t and<br \/>\nlive in it.  His right to reside could not be disputed.\t But<br \/>\nno sooner he came the problem started.\tAnd according to the<br \/>\nappellant  his report to the police for misbehaviour of\t his<br \/>\nson  and his family members went unheeded.  That the  father<br \/>\nhad  to approach the police authorities against his own\t son<br \/>\nis  indeed painful.  But that speaks volumes about the\tson.<br \/>\nThe  inaction of the police on which reliance was placed  by<br \/>\nthe son is explainable but not understandable.\tIt does\t not<br \/>\nhelp  the respondent.  It only adds to the  helplessness  of<br \/>\nthe  appellant.\t In June 1992 it is alleged when he and\t his<br \/>\nwife  went to Jaipur to see their ailing daughter,  they  to<br \/>\ntheir  shock,  on return after four days, found\t that  their<br \/>\nbelongings had been removed, the portion had been locked and<br \/>\nthey  were treated harshly and abusively.  And that  too  by<br \/>\nhis family members.  What must have been his feeling is\t not<br \/>\neasy to comprehend but as said by Shakespeare in King  Lear,<br \/>\n&#8216;[h]ow\tsharper\t than  a serpent&#8217;s tooth it  is\t to  have  a<br \/>\nthankless  child&#8217;.   Failing  to understand  the  &#8217;cause  in<br \/>\nNature\t that  make  these  hard  hearts&#8217;,   the   appellant<br \/>\napproached the criminal<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_1\">474<\/span><br \/>\ncourt  by  way\tof proceedings under <a href=\"\/doc\/1914745\/\" id=\"a_1\">Sections  107<\/a>  and\t <a href=\"\/doc\/1405190\/\" id=\"a_1\">145<\/a><br \/>\nCriminal  Procedure  Code.  He also filed a civil  suit\t for<br \/>\ninjunction  in\twhich  status quo order\t was  granted.\t But<br \/>\nstatus\tquo  of\t what?\tHe had already been  thrown  out  of<br \/>\npossession.  It is not necessary to comment on the merits of<br \/>\nthese  proceedings.  However, proceedings under <a href=\"\/doc\/1914745\/\" id=\"a_2\">Section\t 107<\/a><br \/>\nwere  dropped, and in our opinion rightly, as the nature  of<br \/>\nthese  proceedings  &#8216;are of preventive justice&#8217; as  held  by<br \/>\nthis  Court  in <a href=\"\/doc\/496236\/\" id=\"a_3\">Madhu Limaye v.\t Sub-Divisional\t Magistrate,<br \/>\nMonghyr1<\/a>.  It is to be invoked when any person is likely  to<br \/>\ncommit a breach of peace or disturb public tranquility.\t But<br \/>\nthe order dropping the proceedings under <a href=\"\/doc\/1914745\/\" id=\"a_4\">Section 107<\/a> led the<br \/>\nSub-Divisional\tMagistrate  to drop  the  proceedings  under<br \/>\n<a href=\"\/doc\/1405190\/\" id=\"a_5\">Section 145<\/a> CrPC as the proceedings under <a href=\"\/doc\/1914745\/\" id=\"a_6\">Section 107<\/a> having<br \/>\nbeen  dropped there was no apprehension of breach of  peace.<br \/>\nThe High Court while agreeing with this reasoning added that<br \/>\nthe  appellant\thaving sought civil remedy  the\t proceedings<br \/>\nunder <a href=\"\/doc\/1405190\/\" id=\"a_7\">Section 145<\/a> could not be continued.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_3\">3.True, a suit or remedy in civil court for possession or<br \/>\ninjunction   normally  prevents\t a  person   from   invoking<br \/>\njurisdiction of the criminal court as observed by this Court<br \/>\nin  <a href=\"\/doc\/1861271\/\" id=\"a_8\">Ram\t Sumer Puri Mahant v. State of\tU.P<\/a>.2  &#8216;particularly<br \/>\nwhen  possession  is being examined by the civil  court\t and<br \/>\nparties\t are in a position to approach the civil  court\t for<br \/>\ninterim orders such as injunction or appointment of receiver<br \/>\nfor  adequate protection of the property during pendency  of<br \/>\nthe  dispute.\tMultiplicity  of litigation is\tnot  in\t the<br \/>\ninterest of the parties nor should public time be allowed to<br \/>\nbe wasted over meaningless litigation&#8217;.\t The normal rule  is<br \/>\nas  stated by the Court in Puri case2.\tBut that was a\tsuit<br \/>\nbased  on title.  And that could be decided by\tcivil  court<br \/>\nonly.\tThat  ratio cannot apply where there is\t no  dispute<br \/>\nabout title.  When claim or title are not in dispute and the<br \/>\nparties\t on their own showing are co-owners and there is  no<br \/>\npartition  one\tcannot\tbe permitted  to  act  forcibly\t and<br \/>\nunlawfully and ask the other to act in accordance with\tlaw.<br \/>\nWhere  the dispute is not on the right to possession but  on<br \/>\nthe  question of possession the Magistrate is  empowered  to<br \/>\ntake  cognizance under <a href=\"\/doc\/1405190\/\" id=\"a_9\">Section 145<\/a> CrPC.  Neither  the\tHigh<br \/>\nCourt  nor the Sub-Divisional Magistrate cared to  ascertain<br \/>\nif  the\t respondent had any claim to  lawfully\tprevent\t the<br \/>\nappellant from entering into his own house.  The proceedings<br \/>\nunder  <a href=\"\/doc\/1914745\/\" id=\"a_10\">Section\t107<\/a>  are for public  peace  and\t tranquility<br \/>\nwhereas those under <a href=\"\/doc\/1405190\/\" id=\"a_11\">Section 145<\/a> relate to disputes regarding<br \/>\npossession  between parties concerning any land or water  or<br \/>\nboundaries  thereof.   Therefore,  dropping  of\t proceedings<br \/>\nunder <a href=\"\/doc\/1914745\/\" id=\"a_12\">Section 107<\/a> could not furnish foundation for  dropping<br \/>\nthe proceedings under <a href=\"\/doc\/1405190\/\" id=\"a_13\">Section 145<\/a>.  Nor the law laid down in<br \/>\nPuri  case2 could result in rejecting the application  filed<br \/>\nunder  <a href=\"\/doc\/1405190\/\" id=\"a_14\">Section 145<\/a> of the CrPC.\t There being no\t dispute  of<br \/>\ntitle between the appellant and respondent the only claim to<br \/>\nbe decided was if the appellant had been forcibly or wrongly<br \/>\ndispossessed within two months next before the date on which<br \/>\nthe information was received by the<br \/>\n1    (1970) 3 SCC 746: AIR 1971 SC 2486<br \/>\n2    (1985) 1 SCC 427 : 1985 SCC (Cri) 98 : AIR 1985 SC 472<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_1\">475<\/span><br \/>\nMagistrate  and\t the  High Court instead  of  deciding\tthis<br \/>\ncrucial\t aspect, failed to exercise its jurisdiction as\t the<br \/>\nappellant  had\tsought\tthe remedy  in\tcivil  suit  without<br \/>\napplying  the mind if that decision was in any\tway  helpful<br \/>\nfor dropping the proceedings.  In law, therefore, the  order<br \/>\npassed by the two courts below cannot be maintained.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_4\">4.In equity and justice the appellant has still\t stronger<br \/>\ncase.\tOn  own showing of the respondent  the\tproperty  is<br \/>\nancestral.   The behaviour of the son is cruel\tand  unjust.<br \/>\nThe  learned  counsel for the  respondent  during  arguments<br \/>\nstated that the son was willing to keep his father with him.<br \/>\nWhat a charitably disposed son the respondent appears to be.<br \/>\nHe is willing to permit the father to live with him but\t not<br \/>\nagreeable  to permit him to occupy a separate portion  which<br \/>\nwas  in his possession.\t In the light of the averments\tmade<br \/>\nby  the\t son in the affidavit filed in this  Court  and\t the<br \/>\nalleged\t misbehaviour  by him and his  family  members\tthis<br \/>\nappears to be only an excuse for preventing the father\tfrom<br \/>\nliving in peace in the end of his life.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_5\">5.In  the circumstances we allow this appeal,  set  aside<br \/>\nthe  order  passed  by the High\t Court\tand  the  Magistrate<br \/>\ndismissing the application filed under <a href=\"\/doc\/1405190\/\" id=\"a_15\">Section 145<\/a> CrPC\t and<br \/>\ndirect\tthat the appellant shall be placed in possession  of<br \/>\nthe  green portion forthwith, shown in the map filed by\t the<br \/>\nappellant the correctness of which was not disputed even  if<br \/>\nthird  party interest had been created with the help of\t the<br \/>\npolice, if necessary.  We hope that the respondent shall not<br \/>\ncreate\tany  further  hindrance in peaceful  living  of\t his<br \/>\nfather.\t  The map filed by the appellant is made a  part  of<br \/>\nthis order.  Any observation that has been made shall not be<br \/>\ntaken as binding in any civil dispute between parties.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_2\">477<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Prakash Chand Sachdeva vs State on 14 December, 1993 Equivalent citations: 1994 AIR 1436, 1994 SCC (1) 471 Author: R Sahai Bench: Sahai, R.M. (J) PETITIONER: PRAKASH CHAND SACHDEVA Vs. RESPONDENT: STATE DATE OF JUDGMENT14\/12\/1993 BENCH: SAHAI, R.M. (J) BENCH: SAHAI, R.M. (J) PANDIAN, S.R. (J) CITATION: 1994 AIR 1436 1994 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-254960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Prakash Chand Sachdeva vs State on 14 December, 1993 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/prakash-chand-sachdeva-vs-state-on-14-december-1993\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Prakash Chand Sachdeva vs State on 14 December, 1993 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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