{"id":266385,"date":"2009-11-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-11-05T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009"},"modified":"2017-07-23T19:20:21","modified_gmt":"2017-07-23T13:50:21","slug":"biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009","title":{"rendered":"Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009"},"content":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court<\/div>\n
Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009<\/div>\n
       \n\n  \n\n  \n\n \n \n  IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM\n\nBail Appl..No. 6330 of 2009()\n\n\n1. BIJU, MALIEKKAL VEEDU,\n                      ...  Petitioner\n\n                        Vs\n\n\n\n1. STATE OF KERALA, REP. BY PUBLIC\n                       ...       Respondent\n\n                For Petitioner  :SRI.B.S.SWATHY KUMAR\n\n                For Respondent  :PUBLIC PROSECUTOR\n\nThe Hon'ble MR. Justice K.T.SANKARAN\n\n Dated :06\/11\/2009\n\n O R D E R\n                                                             C R\n\n                       K.T. SANKARAN, J.\n                         ---------------------------\n                     B.A. No. 6330 of 2009\n                     ------------------------------------\n            Dated this the 6th day of November, 2009\n\n                              O R D E R\n<\/pre>\n
      The question involved in this Bail Application is whether<\/p>\n
the offences under Section 20 and 21 of the Kerala Protection of<\/p>\n
River Banks and Regulation of Removal of Sand Act, 2001 (Act<\/p>\n
18\/2001) (herein after referred as ‘Sand Act’) which are<\/p>\n
punishable with imprisonment for a term of which may extend to<\/p>\n
two years or with fine which may extend to twenty-five thousand<\/p>\n
rupees or with both, are non-bailable offences in view of section<\/p>\n
24 of the Sand Act.\n<\/p>\n
      2. The petitioner apprehends arrest in Crime No. 787\/2009<\/p>\n
of Chengannur Police Station wherein the offence under<\/p>\n
Sections 20 and 21 of the Sand Act are alleged against him.<\/p>\n
Hence the petitioner has filed this application for Anticipatory<\/p>\n
Bail under Section 438<\/a> of the Code of Criminal Procedure.<\/p>\n
      3. Sri. M.S.Breeze, the learned Public Prosecutor raised a<\/p>\n
preliminary objection that the offences alleged against the<\/p>\n
petitioner are bailable and therefore the application for<\/p>\n
Anticipatory Bail is not maintainable.\n<\/p>\n
B.A. No. 6330 of 2009
\n                                2<\/span><\/p>\n
     4. Sri. B.S.Swathi Kumar, the learned Counsel appearing<\/p>\n
for the petitioner submitted that Section 24 of the Sand Act<\/p>\n
provides that the offences under the Act are cognizable and<\/p>\n
therefore it has to be assumed that they are non-bailable as well.<\/p>\n
     5. Sections 20 and 21 of the Sand Act are extracted below<\/p>\n
for easy reference.\n<\/p>\n
                   ” 20. Penalty for contravention
\n             of this Act.- Whoever contravenes any
\n             of the provisions of this Act of rules
\n             made thereunder shall, on conviction
\n             be punished with imprisonment for a
\n             term of which may extend to two years
\n             or with fine which may extend to
\n             twenty-five thousand rupees or with
\n             both    and   in case    of  continuing
\n             contravention with an additional fine
\n             which may extend to one thousand
\n             rupees for every day during which such
\n             contravention continues.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
                   21.    Abetment of offences.-\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
             Whoever abets any offence punishable
\n             by or under this Act or attempts to
\n             commit any such offence shall be
\n             punished with the penalty provided by
\n             this Act for committing such offence.”<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\n
     6.      Section   24   of the   Sand    Act  Provides   that<\/p>\n
notwithstanding anything contained in the Code<\/a> of Criminal<\/p>\n
Procedure, 1973 (Central Act<\/a> 2 of 1974), all offences under<\/p>\n
the Act shall be cognizable.\n<\/p>\n
B.A. No. 6330 of 2009
\n                                   3<\/span><\/p>\n
       7. The II Part of the First Schedule of the Code of Criminal<\/p>\n
Procedure contains the ” CLASSIFICATION OF OFFENCES<\/p>\n
AGAINST OTHER LAWS”. It is provided therein as follows.<\/p>\n
          Offence             Cognizable      Bailable or     By what
\n                              non-cognizable   non-bailable   court triable<\/p>\n
             1                     2              3                4<\/span><\/p>\n
If punishable with death,
\nimprisonment for life,          Cognizable    Non-bailable  Court of Session.<\/p>\n
\nor imprisonment for more\nthan 7 years,\n\nIf punishable with imprisonment\nfor 3 years, and upwards but    Cognizable    Non-bailable  Magistrate of\nnot more than 7 years.                                      the first class\n\nIf punishable with imprisonment\nfor less than 3 years or with   Non-cognizable Bailable     Any Magistrate\nfine only.\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n
       8. Section 2(a)<\/a> and (c) of the Code<\/a> of Criminal Procedure<\/p>\n
defines “bailable offence” and “cognizable offence” thus.<\/p>\n
         ” 2(a)    “bailable offence” means an offence
\n                which is shown as bailable in the First
\n                Schedule, or which is made bailable by
\n                any other law for the time being in force;
\n                and “non-bailable offence” means any
\n                other offence;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
          (c) “cognizable offence” means an offence for
\n                which, and “cognizable case” means a
\n                case in which, a police officer may, in
\n                accordance with the First Schedule or
\n                under any other law for the time being in
\n                force, arrest without warrant;”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
B.A. No. 6330 of 2009
\n                                4<\/span><\/p>\n
     9.    The punishment provided for the offences under<\/p>\n
Sections 20 and 21 of the Sand Act is less than three years.<\/p>\n
Therefore, going by the II Part of the First Schedule to the Code<\/a><\/p>\n
of Criminal Procedure, such offences would be non-cognizable<\/p>\n
and bailable. However, Section 24 of the Sand Act makes the<\/p>\n
offence under the Act cognizable. It means that notwithstanding<\/p>\n
the Second Part of the First Schedule to the Code<\/a> of Criminal<\/p>\n
Procedure, the Police Officer may arrest the accused without<\/p>\n
warrant as the offence is cognizable. It does not mean that the<\/p>\n
offence is non-bailable.  All cognizable offences are not non-<\/p>\n
bailable. For example, Sections 129<\/a>, 135<\/a>, 136<\/a>, 138<\/a>, 140<\/a>, 143<\/a> to<\/p>\n
148<\/a>, 151<\/a> to 153<\/a>, 157<\/a> to 160<\/a>, 167<\/a>, 171<\/a>, 188<\/a>, 212<\/a> to 213<\/a>, 215<\/a> to<\/p>\n
216-A<\/a>, 218<\/a>, 224<\/a>, 225-B<\/a>, 228-A<\/a>, 259<\/a>, 260<\/a>, 269<\/a>, 270<\/a>, 277<\/a>, 279<\/a> to<\/p>\n
286<\/a>, 289<\/a>, 291<\/a> to 293<\/a>, 294<\/a>, 296<\/a>, 304-A<\/a>, 309<\/a>, 317<\/a>, 318<\/a>, 325<\/a>, 330<\/a>,<\/p>\n
332<\/a>, 335<\/a> to 348<\/a>, 353<\/a>, 354<\/a>, 356<\/a>, 357<\/a>, 363<\/a>, 374<\/a>, 376-B<\/a>, 376-C<\/a>,<\/p>\n
376-D<\/a>, 385<\/a>, 388<\/a>, 389<\/a>, 419<\/a>, 428<\/a> to 433<\/a>, 435<\/a>, 440<\/a>, 447<\/a>, 448<\/a>, 451<\/a>,<\/p>\n
462<\/a>, 469<\/a> to 474<\/a>, 489-C<\/a> and 509<\/a> of the Indian Penal Code<\/p>\n
are cognizable but those offences are bailable as well. The<\/p>\n
Scheme of the First Schedule to the Code<\/a> of Criminal Procedure<\/p>\n
shows that there are offences under the Indian Penal Code<\/a><\/p>\n
which are cognizable and non-bailable, cognizable and bailable,<\/p>\n
B.A. No. 6330 of 2009
\n                                 5<\/span><\/p>\n
non-cognizable    but  non-bailable    and   non-cognizable   and<\/p>\n
bailable. For example, Sections 194<\/a>, 466<\/a>, 467<\/a>, 493<\/a> and 505<\/a> of<\/p>\n
the Indian Penal Code are non-cognizable and non-bailable.<\/p>\n
There are several offences under the Indian Penal Code<\/a> which<\/p>\n
are non-cognizable as well as bailable. Thus, it is clear that the<\/p>\n
fact that an offence is cognizable does not mean that it is non-<\/p>\n
bailable. Similarly, merely because an offence is non-cognizable,<\/p>\n
it does not mean that it is always bailable. The question whether<\/p>\n
a particular offence is bailable or not does not depend on<\/p>\n
whether the offence is cognizable or non-cognizable. The Sand<\/p>\n
Act does not indicate that the offences under Sections 20<\/a> and 21<\/a><\/p>\n
are non-bailable.\n<\/p>\n
     For the aforesaid reasons, I am not inclined to accept the<\/p>\n
contention of Advocate Mr. B.S.Swathi Kumar.        The offences<\/p>\n
involved in the present case are bailable and therefore the<\/p>\n
application for Anticipatory Bail is not maintainable. The Bail<\/p>\n
Application is accordingly dismissed.\n<\/p>\n
\n
                                        K.T. SANKARAN
\n                                             JUDGE<\/p>\n
kkms<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009 IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM Bail Appl..No. 6330 of 2009() 1. BIJU, MALIEKKAL VEEDU, … Petitioner Vs 1. STATE OF KERALA, REP. BY PUBLIC … Respondent For Petitioner :SRI.B.S.SWATHY KUMAR For Respondent :PUBLIC PROSECUTOR The Hon’ble MR. Justice K.T.SANKARAN Dated […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-266385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-kerala-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nBiju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2009-11-05T18:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-07-23T13:50:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legaliadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Legal_india\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\"},\"headline\":\"Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-11-05T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-07-23T13:50:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009\"},\"wordCount\":837,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"High Court\",\"Kerala High Court\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009\",\"name\":\"Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2009-11-05T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-07-23T13:50:21+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"name\":\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"description\":\"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"alternateName\":\"Legal India\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/LegalindiaCom\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Legal_india\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\",\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Legal India Admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/legaliadmin\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/author\\\/legal-india-admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","og_url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009","og_site_name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","article_published_time":"2009-11-05T18:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2017-07-23T13:50:21+00:00","og_image":[{"width":512,"height":512,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Legal India Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@legaliadmin","twitter_site":"@Legal_india","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Legal India Admin","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009"},"author":{"name":"Legal India Admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea"},"headline":"Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009","datePublished":"2009-11-05T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2017-07-23T13:50:21+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009"},"wordCount":837,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"articleSection":["High Court","Kerala High Court"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009","name":"Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website"},"datePublished":"2009-11-05T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2017-07-23T13:50:21+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/biju-vs-state-of-kerala-on-6-november-2009#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Biju vs State Of Kerala on 6 November, 2009"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","description":"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization","name":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","alternateName":"Legal India","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","https:\/\/x.com\/Legal_india"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea","name":"Legal India Admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Legal India Admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com","https:\/\/x.com\/legaliadmin"],"url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/author\/legal-india-admin"}]}},"modified_by":null,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/266385","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=266385"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/266385\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=266385"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=266385"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=266385"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}