{"id":266867,"date":"2009-10-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-10-19T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-kerala-state-co-operative-vs-the-kerala-state-farmers-debt-on-20-october-2009"},"modified":"2018-09-14T08:36:21","modified_gmt":"2018-09-14T03:06:21","slug":"the-kerala-state-co-operative-vs-the-kerala-state-farmers-debt-on-20-october-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-kerala-state-co-operative-vs-the-kerala-state-farmers-debt-on-20-october-2009","title":{"rendered":"The Kerala State Co-Operative … vs The Kerala State Farmers Debt … on 20 October, 2009"},"content":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court<\/div>\n
The Kerala State Co-Operative … vs The Kerala State Farmers Debt … on 20 October, 2009<\/div>\n
       \n\n  \n\n  \n\n \n \n  IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM\n\nWP(C).No. 2069 of 2009(U)\n\n\n1. THE KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD,\n                      ...  Petitioner\n\n                        Vs\n\n\n\n1. THE KERALA STATE FARMERS DEBT RELIEF\n                       ...       Respondent\n\n2. K.K.MOYEDU, S\/O.AMMED, KAYALAKANDI\n\n                For Petitioner  :SRI.NAGARAJ NARAYANAN\n\n                For Respondent  :SMT.G.KRISHNAKUMARI\n\nThe Hon'ble MR. Justice THOTTATHIL B.RADHAKRISHNAN\n\n Dated :20\/10\/2009\n\n O R D E R\n         THOTTATHIL B. RADHAKRISHNAN, J.\n\n  = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =\n\n            W.P.(C).No.2069 of 2009-U\n\n  = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =\n\n      Dated this the 20th day of October, 2009.\n\n                     JUDGMENT\n<\/pre>\n
                                     “CR”\n<\/p>\n
1.The petitioner, a scheduled bank, extended a<\/p>\n
 housing loan to the second respondent. Though she<\/p>\n
 was repaying it, she sought relief under the<\/p>\n
 Kerala Farmers’ Debt Relief Commission Act, 2006,<\/p>\n
 hereinafter referred to as the “Act” in relation<\/p>\n
 to that loan and another facility availed from a<\/p>\n
 different establishment. By the impugned Ext.P3<\/p>\n
 order,    the   Kerala    Farmers’   Debt    Relief<\/p>\n
 Commission, hereinafter, the “Commission”, for<\/p>\n
 short, directed, among other things, that the<\/p>\n
 second respondent herein is entitled to debt<\/p>\n
 relief to the extent of 50% in so far as the<\/p>\n
 housing   loan  is   concerned.    This  is   under<\/p>\n
 challenge.\n<\/p>\n
\n
2.The petitioner’s contentions are two fold.   First<\/p>\n
WPC2069\/09             -: 2 :-<\/span><\/p>\n
 is that the Act does not apply to housing loans<\/p>\n
 in view of the definition of ‘debt’ as contained<\/p>\n
 in the Act. Next, is that the action taken under<\/p>\n
 Section 5 of the Act is without jurisdiction in<\/p>\n
 as much as a scheduled bank, if at all, could be<\/p>\n
 subjected only to proceedings Sections 9 or 10 of<\/p>\n
 the Act providing only for rescheduling of loans,<\/p>\n
 one time settlement etc. No order granting any<\/p>\n
 relief    by  slashing   the   outstandings, it  is<\/p>\n
 contended.\n<\/p>\n
\n
3.In her counter affidavit, the second respondent<\/p>\n
 does not dispute the petitioner’s plea that it is<\/p>\n
 a scheduled bank. She states that she had been<\/p>\n
 discharging the debt due to the petitioner to the<\/p>\n
 best of her ability. She contends that the plea<\/p>\n
 of the petitioner that a housing loan does not<\/p>\n
 fall    within  the  provisions    of  the  Act, is<\/p>\n
 untenable.\n<\/p>\n
\n
4.The   petitioner is  a     scheduled bank.  It is,<\/p>\n
 therefore, an “institutional creditor” in terms<\/p>\n
WPC2069\/09            -: 3 :-<\/span><\/p>\n
 of Section 2(xvi) of the Act. “Debt”, as defined<\/p>\n
 in Section 2(vii), includes any sum payable to an<\/p>\n
 institutional creditor. This inclusive component<\/p>\n
 is prescribed after stating that debt means any<\/p>\n
 liability, whether secured or unsecured due from<\/p>\n
 a farmer on or before the commencement of the<\/p>\n
 Act, whether payable under a contract, or under a<\/p>\n
 decree or order of any Court or Tribunal, or<\/p>\n
 otherwise. Petitioner does not dispute that the<\/p>\n
 second respondent is a farmer as defined in<\/p>\n
 Section 2(xiii) of the Act.\n<\/p>\n
\n
5.Does a housing loan amount to a debt for the<\/p>\n
 purpose of the Act?\n<\/p>\n
\n
6.The exclusionary clause in Section 2(vii) becomes<\/p>\n
 relevant. After defining a debt by stating as to<\/p>\n
 what it means and also by enumerating what it<\/p>\n
 includes, Section 2(vii) provides that debt does<\/p>\n
 not include any loan amount taken by the farmer<\/p>\n
 for commercial purposes or luxury other than<\/p>\n
 agricultural   allied    commercial purposes,  to<\/p>\n
WPC2069\/09            -: 4 :-<\/span><\/p>\n
 augment his income and the amount payable to<\/p>\n
 Central   or State  Governments    or  other  State<\/p>\n
 Governments or Governments of Union Territories<\/p>\n
 and the amount due to Local Self Government<\/p>\n
 Institutions, Statutory Bodies, Central or State<\/p>\n
 Public Sector Undertakings and other Institutions<\/p>\n
 as   may  be  specified     by the   Government by<\/p>\n
 notification. The petitioner does not have a case<\/p>\n
 that it falls within the scope of any of the<\/p>\n
 institutions so excluded. It is a co-operative<\/p>\n
 bank. It is a scheduled bank. “Debt”, as already<\/p>\n
 noticed, means any liability. The exclusion is of<\/p>\n
 loan amounts taken for commercial purposes or<\/p>\n
 luxury, other than agricultural allied commercial<\/p>\n
 purposes, to augment income. The words “other<\/p>\n
 than agricultural allied commercial purposes” in<\/p>\n
 the second limb of Section 2(vii), essentially<\/p>\n
 qualify the phrase “for commercial purposes”.<\/p>\n
 Therefore, loan amounts       taken for commercial<\/p>\n
 purposes    other   than      agricultural   allied<\/p>\n
 commercial   purposes    are   excluded  from   the<\/p>\n
 definition of debt. The loan amounts taken for<\/p>\n
WPC2069\/09           -: 5 :-<\/span><\/p>\n
 luxury are also excluded. Housing loan is nether<\/p>\n
 a loan for a commercial purpose nor one taken to<\/p>\n
 augment income. The purpose is to provide a home.<\/p>\n
 It is not a luxury. The State shall strive to<\/p>\n
 promote the welfare of the people by securing and<\/p>\n
 protecting as effectively as it may, a social<\/p>\n
 order in which justice, social, economic and<\/p>\n
 political, shall inform all the institutions of<\/p>\n
 the national life. The State shall regard the<\/p>\n
 raising of the standard of living of its people<\/p>\n
 as among its primary duties. The State shall, in<\/p>\n
 particular, direct its policy towards securing<\/p>\n
 that the ownership and control of the material<\/p>\n
 resources of the community  are so distributed as<\/p>\n
 best to subserve the common good and that the<\/p>\n
 operation of the economic system does not result<\/p>\n
 in the concentration of wealth to the common<\/p>\n
 detriment. These principles are well engraved in<\/p>\n
 the Directive Principles of State Policy which<\/p>\n
 stand to advise the national growth. Right to<\/p>\n
 shelter is a fundamental right, which springs<\/p>\n
 from right to residence under Article 19(1)(e)<\/a><\/p>\n
WPC2069\/09             -: 6 :-<\/span><\/p>\n
 and right to life under Article 21.<\/a> Food, shelter<\/p>\n
 and clothing are minimal human right. The right<\/p>\n
 to residence and settlement is a fundamental<\/p>\n
 right    under  Article    19(1)(e)<\/a>  and  it  is  an<\/p>\n
 inseparable and meaningful facet of right to life<\/p>\n
 under Article 21.<\/a> To make this right meaningful<\/p>\n
 to the poor, the State has to provide facilities<\/p>\n
 and opportunities to build a house. Profitable<\/p>\n
 reference could be made in this context to the<\/p>\n
 decisions of the Apex Court in U.P.Avaz Evam<\/p>\n
 Vikas Parishad v. Friends Co-op. Housing Society<\/p>\n
 Ltd<\/a>., 1995 Supp (3) SCC 456; P.G.Gupta v. State<\/p>\n
 of Gujarat, 1995 Supp (2) SCC 182; State of<\/p>\n
 Karnataka v. Narasimhamurthy<\/a>, (1995) 5 SCC 524.<\/p>\n
 The provision by way of loan to such sector is<\/p>\n
 never a luxury. The purpose of a home loan and<\/p>\n
 the objects sought to be achieved by extending<\/p>\n
 such     home loans   by     financial  institutions,<\/p>\n
 including    institutional    creditors,  that  too,<\/p>\n
 through    the  co-operative     sector,  cannot  be<\/p>\n
 treated as providing a luxury. Such a loan is not<\/p>\n
 one availed for luxury. Therefore, a housing loan<\/p>\n
WPC2069\/09            -: 7 :-<\/span><\/p>\n
 does not fall within the exclusionary clause in<\/p>\n
 Section 2(vii) of the Act. It is, therefore, a<\/p>\n
 debt to which the provisions of the Act apply.<\/p>\n
7.In the case in hand, the amount of loan availed<\/p>\n
 by the second respondent is only Rs.1 lakh. I<\/p>\n
 notice this to assure that this is not a loan<\/p>\n
 that could be characterised as a luxurious one<\/p>\n
 even in the housing sector. May be that the<\/p>\n
 principles   of  law      and  the  constitutional<\/p>\n
 conspectus noted by me in the preceding paragraph<\/p>\n
 would not apply to housing loans which are loans<\/p>\n
 for luxurious houses when compared to the ground<\/p>\n
 reality situation of providing a homestead as a<\/p>\n
 shelter.\n<\/p>\n
\n
8.Can   a  debt availed      by a  farmer from  an<\/p>\n
 institutional creditor be subjected to Section 5<\/p>\n
 of the Act? If not, what provisions, if any,<\/p>\n
 applies?\n<\/p>\n
\n
9.In enumerating the powers and functions of the<\/p>\n
WPC2069\/09            -: 8 :-<\/span><\/p>\n
 Commission,   the  Act    keeps   the  institutional<\/p>\n
 creditors   away from    the   jurisdiction of  the<\/p>\n
 Commission under Section 5. Sub-sections (1) and<\/p>\n
 (2) of Section 5 clearly exclude debts of farmers<\/p>\n
 due to institutional creditors from the purview<\/p>\n
 of those provisions. Therefore, no action can be<\/p>\n
 taken by the Commission as are referable to sub-<\/p>\n
 sections (1) to (5) of Section 5 of the Act, as<\/p>\n
 against an institutional creditor or in relation<\/p>\n
 to a debt payable by a farmer to an institutional<\/p>\n
 creditor.\n<\/p>\n
\n
10.Section 9 provides special provisions in respect<\/p>\n
 of settlement of certain loans taken by farmers<\/p>\n
 and Section 10 provides for rescheduling of loans<\/p>\n
 taken by a farmer from a financial institution.<\/p>\n
 Unlike in Section 5, there is no exclusion of<\/p>\n
 institutional creditors from the purview of those<\/p>\n
 provisions. Those provisions, to the extent they<\/p>\n
 could    be applied,  could     regulate the  loans<\/p>\n
 availed by farmers from institutional creditors<\/p>\n
 and     the Commission      would  be   within  its<\/p>\n
WPC2069\/09            -: 9 :-<\/span><\/p>\n
 jurisdiction to do the needful in accordance with<\/p>\n
 law in terms of those provisions.\n<\/p>\n
\n
11.For the aforesaid reasons, the challenge to<\/p>\n
 Ext.P3 partly succeeds, i.e., to the extent that<\/p>\n
 the Commission has ordered debt relief in so far<\/p>\n
 as it relates to the housing loan availed by the<\/p>\n
 second respondent from the petitioner.<\/p>\n
 In the result, this writ petition is ordered<\/p>\n
 quashing Ext.P3 in so far as it is against the<\/p>\n
 petitioner and it is further ordered that this<\/p>\n
 judgment will not stand in the way of the second<\/p>\n
 respondent obtaining relief from the Commission<\/p>\n
 in terms of Sections 9 and 10 of the Act as<\/p>\n
 regards the housing loan availed by her from the<\/p>\n
 petitioner. No costs.\n<\/p>\n
\n
                        THOTTATHIL B.RADHAKRISHNAN,
\n                                   JUDGE.\n<\/p>\n
Sha\/191009<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court The Kerala State Co-Operative … vs The Kerala State Farmers Debt … on 20 October, 2009 IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM WP(C).No. 2069 of 2009(U) 1. THE KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD, … Petitioner Vs 1. THE KERALA STATE FARMERS DEBT RELIEF … Respondent 2. K.K.MOYEDU, S\/O.AMMED, KAYALAKANDI For […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-266867","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-kerala-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nThe Kerala State Co-Operative ... vs The Kerala State Farmers Debt ... on 20 October, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-kerala-state-co-operative-vs-the-kerala-state-farmers-debt-on-20-october-2009\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Kerala State Co-Operative ... vs The Kerala State Farmers Debt ... on 20 October, 2009 - 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