{"id":269810,"date":"2008-06-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-06-12T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/katta-surendera-vs-state-of-a-p-on-13-june-2008"},"modified":"2018-09-22T11:42:29","modified_gmt":"2018-09-22T06:12:29","slug":"katta-surendera-vs-state-of-a-p-on-13-june-2008","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/katta-surendera-vs-state-of-a-p-on-13-june-2008","title":{"rendered":"Katta Surendera vs State Of A.P on 13 June, 2008"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Katta Surendera vs State Of A.P on 13 June, 2008<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: . Arijit Pasayat<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Arijit Pasayat, P.P. Naolekar<\/div>\n<pre id=\"pre_1\">                                                      REPORTABLE\n\n\n                IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA\n\n\n            CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION\n\n\n            CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 1525 OF 2007\n\n\n\n\nKatta Surendera                       .........Appellant\n\n\n\n                           Versus\n\n\n\nState of A.P.                         ........Respondent\n\n\n\n\n                         JUDGMENT\n<\/pre>\n<p id=\"p_1\">Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_1\">                                                           1<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_1\">1.   Challenge in this appeal is to the judgment of a Division<\/p>\n<p>Bench of the Andhra Pradesh       High Court upholding the<\/p>\n<p>conviction of the appellant for offence punishable under<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/doc\/1560742\/\" id=\"a_1\">Section 302<\/a> of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (in short the<\/p>\n<p>`<a href=\"\/doc\/1569253\/\" id=\"a_1\">IPC<\/a>&#8216;). By judgment dated 20th July, 2006 the High Court<\/p>\n<p>dismissed the appeal so far as the appellant is concerned.<\/p>\n<p>While upholding the conviction of the other appellants before<\/p>\n<p>it for offence punishable under <a href=\"\/doc\/724142\/\" id=\"a_2\">Section 324<\/a> IPC, custodial<\/p>\n<p>sentence was reduced to one year from three years, fine<\/p>\n<p>amount was retained. Two persons, namely, M. Subbarayappa<\/p>\n<p>and Y. Ramappa (hereinafter referred to as D-1 and D-2<\/p>\n<p>respectively lost their lives on 9.3.2002. Allegation was that<\/p>\n<p>the appellant and co-accused persons were responsible for<\/p>\n<p>their death.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_2\">\n<p id=\"p_3\">2.    Background facts in a nutshell are as follows:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_1\">                                                          2<\/span><br \/>\n     The deceased and the material witnesses are the<\/p>\n<p>residents of Chinnavenkataramanagari Pale and the accused<\/p>\n<p>are residents of Kammavaripalle.      Since the time of MPTC<\/p>\n<p>elections in 2001, there were disputes between both the<\/p>\n<p>villagers.   As there was no road facility to approach<\/p>\n<p>Chinnavenkataramanagari village, the deceased and material<\/p>\n<p>witnesses were trying to lay a road connecting to their village<\/p>\n<p>to Mulakalachervu. About six months prior to the incident,<\/p>\n<p>they purchased a land from PW- 16 in the name of PW5 and<\/p>\n<p>another to lay the road. Against the said purchase, the<\/p>\n<p>villagers of Kammavaripalle filed a suit seeking an order of<\/p>\n<p>injunction restraining the defendants from laying the road and<\/p>\n<p>the result of the suit went in favour of villagers of<\/p>\n<p>Chinnavenkatramangaripalli      village.   On   8.3.2002,    on<\/p>\n<p>information that the villagers were attempting to lay the road,<\/p>\n<p>the Sub-Inspector of Police (PW-31) called both the villagers<\/p>\n<p>and advised them to wait for one week as the matter was<\/p>\n<p>pending. Inspite of it, on 9.3.2002 the villagers started laying<\/p>\n<p>the road. PW-5 and another, in whose name the land was<\/p>\n<p>purchased, requested PW-31 to arrange police protection, on<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_2\">                                                            3<\/span><br \/>\nwhich PW 31 sent PW 17 along with him immediately and also<\/p>\n<p>sent PW-18 and three other constables to the scene of offence.<\/p>\n<p>Subsequently, PW-5 and PW 17 went and informed the<\/p>\n<p>villagers to stop the work, as there was likelihood of some<\/p>\n<p>incident. While they were standing, all the accused armed<\/p>\n<p>with sickles, knives, daggers and a bag containing bombs and<\/p>\n<p>sticks went near them shouting as to how           they dared to<\/p>\n<p>lay road and they will see their end. So saying, the accused<\/p>\n<p>attacked the prosecution party. A-13 hurled a bomb, which<\/p>\n<p>exploded and A-2 also hurled a bomb which fell on the<\/p>\n<p>ground, but did not explode. They all tried to run away due to<\/p>\n<p>explosion of the bombs. A1 stabbed the deceased No. l with a<\/p>\n<p>dagger on his left chest due to which he fell down and<\/p>\n<p>succumbed to the injury on the spot. Then A-2 to A-4<\/p>\n<p>attacked deceased No.2. Immediately, A-2, A-4 to A-11, A-13<\/p>\n<p>to A-18, A-19 to A-24, A-30 and A-32 attacked PWs. 1 to 11.<\/p>\n<p>On a complaint given by PW-l, the police registered a crime<\/p>\n<p>and   took   up    investigation.   After   completion   of   the<\/p>\n<p>investigation, the police laid the charge sheet.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_3\">                                                              4<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_4\">3.   The prosecution, in order to prove the guilt of the<\/p>\n<p>accused, examined PWs l to 33 and marked Exs. P.1 to P.35<\/p>\n<p>and M.Os. 1 to 25. On defence side, DWs I and 2 were<\/p>\n<p>examined and Exs. D-1 to D-65. Contradictions in the<\/p>\n<p>statements of the prosecution witnesses were marked. The<\/p>\n<p>trial Court, after considering the oral and documentary<\/p>\n<p>evidence, convicted A-1 for the offence punishable under<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/doc\/1560742\/\" id=\"a_3\">Section   302<\/a>   of   IPC   and   sentenced    him   to   undergo<\/p>\n<p>imprisonment for life and to pay a fine of Rs. 2,000\/- in<\/p>\n<p>default to suffer simple imprisonment for three months. A7,<\/p>\n<p>A9, A 11 and A-17 were convicted for offence punishable<\/p>\n<p>under <a href=\"\/doc\/724142\/\" id=\"a_4\">Section 324<\/a> IPC and sentenced each to undergo<\/p>\n<p>imprisonment for three years and to pay a fine of Rs.1,000\/-<\/p>\n<p>each, in default to suffer simple imprisonment for two months.<\/p>\n<p>All the accused were acquitted for all other offences. The<\/p>\n<p>appellant and the three convicted accused persons being<\/p>\n<p>aggrieved by the judgment of the trial Court, preferred appeal<\/p>\n<p>before the High Court challenging its validity and legality.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_5\">4.   The allegation of the prosecution was that A-1 stabbed<\/p>\n<p>deceased No. l with a dagger and killed him. A-7, A-9, A-11<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_4\">                                                               5<\/span><br \/>\nand A-17 were convicted for the offence under <a href=\"\/doc\/724142\/\" id=\"a_5\">section 324<\/a><\/p>\n<p>I.P.C. for causing injuries to the witnesses.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_6\">5.    The accused pleaded that there was pelting of stones by<\/p>\n<p>the mob in connection with the dispute regarding the laying of<\/p>\n<p>the road, therefore, it is very difficult to say as to who beat<\/p>\n<p>whom and who threw stones on him and it is not safe to find<\/p>\n<p>the appellants guilty of any of the offences and they shall be<\/p>\n<p>given benefit of doubt and the judgment of the lower Court<\/p>\n<p>has to be set aside.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_7\">\n<p id=\"p_8\">6.    The High Court found that the accusation was clearly<\/p>\n<p>established so far as the appellant is concerned and did not<\/p>\n<p>accept the plea that because a single blow was given the<\/p>\n<p>offence was not covered under <a href=\"\/doc\/1560742\/\" id=\"a_6\">Section 302<\/a> IPC and was to be<\/p>\n<p>altered to <a href=\"\/doc\/409589\/\" id=\"a_7\">Section 304<\/a> Part II IPC.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_9\">\n<p id=\"p_10\">7.   In support of the appeal, learned counsel for the<\/p>\n<p>appellant submitted that the background facts have not been<\/p>\n<p>correctly analysed by the trial court and the High Court. It<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_5\">                                                           6<\/span><br \/>\nshould have been held that the appellant was exercising the<\/p>\n<p>right of private defence.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_11\">\n<p id=\"p_12\">8.     According to the appellant even if the prosecution<\/p>\n<p>version is accepted in toto he was exercising the right of<\/p>\n<p>private defence and therefore no offence was made out.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_13\">9.    Learned counsel for the respondent-State on the other<\/p>\n<p>hand submitted that the case is clearly covered under <a href=\"\/doc\/1560742\/\" id=\"a_8\">Section<\/p>\n<p>302<\/a> IPC. The accused-appellant was the leader of the group<\/p>\n<p>and no explanation was offered why he was carrying a knife<\/p>\n<p>with him unless he had requisite intention to cause homicidal<\/p>\n<p>death of the deceased No. 1. Additionally it is submitted that<\/p>\n<p>there is no scope for accepting the plea of right of private<\/p>\n<p>defence.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_14\">\n<p id=\"p_15\">10.   A plea of right of private defence cannot be based on<\/p>\n<p>surmises and speculation. While considering whether the right<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_6\">                                                          7<\/span><br \/>\nof private defence is available to an accused, it is not relevant<\/p>\n<p>whether he may have a chance to inflict severe and mortal<\/p>\n<p>injury on the aggressor. In order to find whether the right of<\/p>\n<p>private defence is available to an accused, the entire incident<\/p>\n<p>must be examined with care and viewed in its proper setting.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/doc\/1499794\/\" id=\"a_9\">Section 97<\/a> IPC deals with the subject-matter of right of private<\/p>\n<p>defence. The plea of right of private defence comprises the<\/p>\n<p>body or property (i) of the person exercising the right, or (ii) of<\/p>\n<p>any other person; and the right may be exercised in the case<\/p>\n<p>of any offence against the body, and in the case of offences of<\/p>\n<p>theft, robbery, mischief or criminal trespass, and attempts at<\/p>\n<p>such offences in relation to property. <a href=\"\/doc\/650803\/\" id=\"a_10\">Section 99<\/a> lays down the<\/p>\n<p>limits of the right of private defence. <a href=\"\/doc\/777353\/\" id=\"a_11\">Sections 96<\/a> and <a href=\"\/doc\/1159920\/\" id=\"a_12\">98<\/a> give a<\/p>\n<p>right of private defence against certain offences and acts. The<\/p>\n<p>right given under <a href=\"\/doc\/777353\/\" id=\"a_13\">Sections 96<\/a> to <a href=\"\/doc\/1159920\/\" id=\"a_14\">98<\/a> and <a href=\"\/doc\/714464\/\" id=\"a_15\">100<\/a> to <a href=\"\/doc\/1606852\/\" id=\"a_16\">106<\/a> is<\/p>\n<p>controlled by <a href=\"\/doc\/650803\/\" id=\"a_17\">Section 99<\/a>. To claim a right of private defence<\/p>\n<p>extending to voluntary causing of death, the accused must<\/p>\n<p>show that there were circumstances giving rise to reasonable<\/p>\n<p>grounds for apprehending that either death or grievous hurt<\/p>\n<p>would be caused to him. The burden is on the accused to<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_7\">                                                               8<\/span><br \/>\nshow that he had a right of private defence which extended to<\/p>\n<p>causing of death. <a href=\"\/doc\/714464\/\" id=\"a_18\">Sections 100<\/a> and <a href=\"\/doc\/399205\/\" id=\"a_19\">101<\/a> IPC define the limit<\/p>\n<p>and extent of right of private defence and continuance of the<\/p>\n<p>right of private defence of body and property respectively. The<\/p>\n<p>right commences, as soon as a reasonable apprehension of<\/p>\n<p>danger to the body arises from an attempt, or threat to commit<\/p>\n<p>the offence, although the offence         may not have been<\/p>\n<p>committed     but   not   until   there   is   that   reasonable<\/p>\n<p>apprehension. The right lasts so long as the reasonable<\/p>\n<p>apprehension of the danger to the body continues. <a href=\"\/doc\/1046645\/\" id=\"a_20\">In Jai Dev<\/p>\n<p>v. State of Punjab<\/a> (1963 (3) SCC 489) it was observed that as<\/p>\n<p>soon as the cause for reasonable apprehension disappears<\/p>\n<p>and the threat has either been destroyed or has been put to<\/p>\n<p>route, there can be no occasion to exercise the right of private<\/p>\n<p>defence.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_16\">11.   The above position was highlighted in <a href=\"\/doc\/1105638\/\" id=\"a_21\">Raj Pal v. State of<\/p>\n<p>Haryana<\/a> (2006(9) SCC 678).\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_17\">12.   In the instant case, even if it is accepted that at some<\/p>\n<p>point of time the appellant was exercising right of private<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_8\">                                                             9<\/span><br \/>\ndefence, the same had ceased long before the blow was given<\/p>\n<p>by the appellant.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_18\">13.   It cannot be laid down as a rule of universal application<\/p>\n<p>that whenever a single blow is given application of <a href=\"\/doc\/1560742\/\" id=\"a_22\">Section 302<\/a><\/p>\n<p>IPC is ruled out. It would depend upon several factors.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_19\">14.   In the circumstances of the present case, conviction is<\/p>\n<p>accordingly altered. The appropriate conviction is under<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/doc\/409589\/\" id=\"a_23\">Section 304<\/a> Part I IPC. Custodial sentence of ten years would<\/p>\n<p>meet the ends of justice.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_20\">\n<p id=\"p_21\">15.   The appeal is allowed to the aforesaid extent.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_22\">                                     &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;J.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_23\">\n                                     (Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT)<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_9\">                                                                     10<\/span><br \/>\n                &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;J.\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"p_24\">\n<p id=\"p_25\">                (P.P. NAOLEKAR)<\/p>\n<p>New Delhi<br \/>\nJune 13, 2008<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_10\">                                                11<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\" id=\"span_11\">12<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Katta Surendera vs State Of A.P on 13 June, 2008 Author: . Arijit Pasayat Bench: Arijit Pasayat, P.P. Naolekar REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 1525 OF 2007 Katta Surendera &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;Appellant Versus State of A.P. &#8230;&#8230;..Respondent JUDGMENT Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J 1 1. Challenge [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-269810","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Katta Surendera vs State Of A.P on 13 June, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/katta-surendera-vs-state-of-a-p-on-13-june-2008\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Katta Surendera vs State Of A.P on 13 June, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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