{"id":28185,"date":"2010-03-04T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-03-03T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/narayana-bhat-vs-gowri-on-4-march-2010"},"modified":"2018-07-05T05:10:12","modified_gmt":"2018-07-04T23:40:12","slug":"narayana-bhat-vs-gowri-on-4-march-2010","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/narayana-bhat-vs-gowri-on-4-march-2010","title":{"rendered":"Narayana Bhat vs Gowri on 4 March, 2010"},"content":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court<\/div>\n
Narayana Bhat vs Gowri on 4 March, 2010<\/div>\n
       \n\n  \n\n  \n\n \n \n  IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM\n\nAS.No. 550 of 1997(E)\n\n\n\n1. NARAYANA BHAT\n                      ...  Petitioner\n\n                        Vs\n\n1. GOWRI\n                       ...       Respondent\n\n                For Petitioner  :SRI.K.I.MAYANKUTTY MATHER\n\n                For Respondent  :SRI.D.KRISHNA PRASAD\n\nThe Hon'ble MR. Justice HARUN-UL-RASHID\n\n Dated :04\/03\/2010\n\n O R D E R\n                      HARUN-UL-RASHID, J.\n                  -----------------------------------\n                       A.S.No.550 of 1997 - E\n                                 and\n                           Cross Objection\n                   ---------------------------------\n               Dated this the 4th day of March, 2010\n\n                          J U D G M E N T\n<\/pre>\n
      The plaintiff in O.S.No.45 of 1979 on the file of the Sub<\/p>\n
Court, Kasaragod is the appellant. Suit is filed for partition. The<\/p>\n
trial court passed a decree for partition declaring that the plaintiff<\/p>\n
is entitled to 2\/7th share. The plaintiff filed I.A.No.403 of 1981<\/p>\n
for passing final decree.       The said petition was dismissed.<\/p>\n
Aggrieved by the order passed by the learned Sub Judge<\/p>\n
dismissing the final decree application, the plaintiff has preferred<\/p>\n
the appeal. The parties are hereinafter are referred to as the<\/p>\n
plaintiff and defendants as arrayed in the suit.<\/p>\n
      2.    Defendants in the suit are the legal heirs of Kunhappa<\/p>\n
Naik.    Kunhappa Naik was the cultivating tenant of plaint A<\/p>\n
schedule property having an extent of 8.81 acres.         Suo motu<\/p>\n
proceedings have been initiated by the Land Tribunal for<\/p>\n
assignment of landlord’s right in favour of Kunhappa Naik.<\/p>\n
During the pendency of the suo motu proceedings, Kunhappa<\/p>\n
Naik died, thereupon the legal heirs of the deceased cultivating<\/p>\n
A.S.No.550 of 1997 – E<\/p>\n
                                2<\/span><\/p>\n
tenant were impleaded as additional applicants. Kunhappa Naik<\/p>\n
left behind his wife and six children. One of the legal heirs by<\/p>\n
name Santhappa Naik also died during the pendency of the S.M<\/p>\n
proceedings and his legal heirs namely, widow and daughter,<\/p>\n
were impleaded in the S.M proceedings. While so, on 22.11.1975<\/p>\n
two of the legal heirs of Kunhappa Naik by name Honnamma and<\/p>\n
Shanthappa Naik assigned their 2\/7th share to the plaintiff. After<\/p>\n
assignment in his favour, the assignee Narayana Bhat got himself<\/p>\n
impleaded in the S.M proceedings. The Land Tribunal issued the<\/p>\n
purchase certificate in the joint names of Narayana Bhat and<\/p>\n
other legal heirs of Kunhappa Naik.\n<\/p>\n
     3.    Suit was filed by Narayana Bhat for partition by metes<\/p>\n
and bounds and separate possession of 2\/7th share which he<\/p>\n
obtained under the assignment deed dated 22.11.1975.         The<\/p>\n
court below passed the preliminary decree for partition declaring<\/p>\n
the plaintiff’s 2\/7th share. Preliminary decree was passed on<\/p>\n
26.11.1980. I.A.No.403 of 1981 was filed by Narayana Bhat for<\/p>\n
passing final decree. In the final decree proceedings the legal<\/p>\n
heirs of Kunhappa Naik raised an objection stating that the<\/p>\n
A.S.No.550 of 1997 – E<\/p>\n
                                  3<\/span><\/p>\n
assignment in favour of the plaintiff is hit by Section 5 of the<\/p>\n
Kerala Scheduled Tribes (Restriction on Transfer of Lands and<\/p>\n
Restoration of Alienated Lands) Act, 1975, hereinafter referred to<\/p>\n
as the 1975 Act.       Section 5 of the 1975 Act declares certain<\/p>\n
transfers to be invalid. Section 5 declares that any transfer of<\/p>\n
immovable property possessed, enjoyed or owned by a member<\/p>\n
of a Scheduled Tribe to a person other than a member of the<\/p>\n
Scheduled Tribe, effected on or after the 1st day of January, 1960<\/p>\n
and before commencement of this Act shall be deemed to be<\/p>\n
invalid.   This Act was brought into force on 1.1.1982 as per<\/p>\n
notification G.O.(MS).No.51\/86\/RD dated 20.1.1986 published as<\/p>\n
S.R.O No.130\/1986. Going by Section 5 of the Act all transfers<\/p>\n
effected between the period stated in Section 5 are deemed to be<\/p>\n
invalid. On the basis of Section 5 of the said Act the defendants<\/p>\n
in the suit contended that the assignment taken by Narayana<\/p>\n
Bhat is deemed to be invalid and therefore the final decree<\/p>\n
application is liable to be dismissed.\n<\/p>\n
      4.   In the year 1999, the Kerala Restriction on Transfer By<\/p>\n
and Restoration of Lands to Scheduled Tribes Act, hereinafter<\/p>\n
A.S.No.550 of 1997 – E<\/p>\n
                                  4<\/span><\/p>\n
referred to as the 1999 Act, was introduced. As per Section 1(3)<\/p>\n
of the 1999 Act, the Act shall be deemed to have come into force<\/p>\n
on 24.1.1986.      In the statement by object and reasons the<\/p>\n
necessity for repealing the 1975 Act and for enacting the 1999<\/p>\n
Act is stated. Section 5 of the 1975 Act was substituted in the<\/p>\n
1999 Act.     A proviso was inserted to Section 5.     The proviso<\/p>\n
reads thus:\n<\/p>\n
               “Provided that nothing in this section shall<\/p>\n
        render invalid any transfer of land possessed,<\/p>\n
        enjoyed or owned by a member of a Scheduled Tribe<\/p>\n
        to a person other than a member of a Scheduled<\/p>\n
        Tribe effected during the aforesaid period and the<\/p>\n
        extent of which does not exceed two hectares.”<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Besides the proviso subsection (2) was also inserted. Section 5<\/p>\n
(2) reads thus:\n<\/p>\n
               “5. Certain transfers to be invalid:<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
               (1)       x     x    x    x     x<\/p>\n
               (2)   Notwithstanding anything contained in<\/p>\n
        sub-section (1) of in any judgment, decree or order of<\/p>\n
        any Court or other authority, in cases where the land<\/p>\n
        involved in such transfer is used for agricultural<\/p>\n
        purposes, the transferee thereof shall be entitled to<\/p>\n
A.S.No.550 of 1997 – E<\/p>\n
                                   5<\/span><\/p>\n
         retain in his possession the said land up to an extent<\/p>\n
         of two hectares which shall be demarcated by the<\/p>\n
         Revenue Divisional Officer by order and in the<\/p>\n
         manner as may be prescribed.”<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
     5.     The plaintiff got assignment of 2\/7th share of plaint<\/p>\n
schedule property.       The total extent covered by the S.M<\/p>\n
proceedings of the decree schedule property is 8.81 acres. The<\/p>\n
plaintiff got assignment of 2\/7th share of the property.       The<\/p>\n
extent is far less than two hectares. So the proviso to Section 5<\/p>\n
(1) squarely applies to this case. The constitutional validity of<\/p>\n
1999 Act was upheld by the Apex Court in State of Kerala and<\/p>\n
another v. Peoples Union for Civil Liberties (ILR 2009 (4)<\/p>\n
Kerala 387). The constitutional validity of the 1999 Act, specially<\/p>\n
the proviso to Sections 5(1), 5(2), 6 and 22 were challenged in<\/p>\n
writ petitions. The Apex Court held that the 1999 Act is more<\/p>\n
beneficial to the members of the Scheduled Tribe than the 1975<\/p>\n
Act. It was held that in the circumstance the 1999 Act by no<\/p>\n
stretch of imagination can be treated as arbitrary and<\/p>\n
unreasonable one. The Apex Court thus held that the provisions<\/p>\n
of the 1999 Act are intra vires.\n<\/p>\n
A.S.No.550 of 1997 – E<\/p>\n
                                 6<\/span><\/p>\n
     6.    Before the court below the defendants contended that<\/p>\n
the preliminary decree passed in the case is a nullity relying on<\/p>\n
Section 5 of the 1975 Act. The final decree court observed that<\/p>\n
by the time preliminary decree passed, 1975 Act was not brought<\/p>\n
into force.    Therefore, the defendants had no opportunity to<\/p>\n
contend that the assignment in favour of the plaintiff was bad in<\/p>\n
law at the stage of passing of preliminary decree.       Applying<\/p>\n
Section 5 of Act, 1975, the court below held that the final decree<\/p>\n
application is not maintainable.\n<\/p>\n
     7.    At the time when the impugned order was passed,<\/p>\n
1999 Act was not contemplated and the said Act was enacted<\/p>\n
subsequently during the pendency of this appeal. 1975 Act was<\/p>\n
repealed by the 1999 Act.      Learned counsel for the appellant<\/p>\n
submitted that the proviso to Section 5(1) of the 1975 Act is<\/p>\n
squarely applicable in this case. Since the extent of land covered<\/p>\n
by the assignment is far less than 2 hectares of land, as I said<\/p>\n
earlier, proviso to Section 5(1) of the 1999 Act validate any<\/p>\n
transfer of land possessed, enjoyed or owned by a member of<\/p>\n
Scheduled Tribe to a person other than a member of Scheduled<\/p>\n
A.S.No.550 of 1997 – E<\/p>\n
                                 7<\/span><\/p>\n
Tribe effected during the period mentioned in Section 5(1) and<\/p>\n
declared that the said transfer is valid, provided, the extent does<\/p>\n
not exceed 2 hectares. In the light of the 1999 enactment the<\/p>\n
matter requires reconsideration by the court below.<\/p>\n
     In the result, the appeal and cross objection filed by<\/p>\n
respondents 6 to 8 in the appeal are disposed of. The case is<\/p>\n
remitted to the court below for fresh consideration in accordance<\/p>\n
with law. Since the suit is of the year 1979 the trial court shall<\/p>\n
expedite the matter and shall dispose of the final decree<\/p>\n
application within a period of 6 months from the date of receipt<\/p>\n
of a copy of this judgment. Parties shall appear before the court<\/p>\n
below on 25.3.2010. The order under challenge is set aside. No<\/p>\n
order as to costs.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                               HARUN-UL-RASHID,
\n                                                     JUDGE.\n<\/p>\n
bkn\/-<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court Narayana Bhat vs Gowri on 4 March, 2010 IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM AS.No. 550 of 1997(E) 1. NARAYANA BHAT … Petitioner Vs 1. GOWRI … Respondent For Petitioner :SRI.K.I.MAYANKUTTY MATHER For Respondent :SRI.D.KRISHNA PRASAD The Hon’ble MR. Justice HARUN-UL-RASHID Dated :04\/03\/2010 O R D E R HARUN-UL-RASHID, J. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28185","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-kerala-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nNarayana Bhat vs Gowri on 4 March, 2010 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/narayana-bhat-vs-gowri-on-4-march-2010\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Narayana Bhat vs Gowri on 4 March, 2010 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/narayana-bhat-vs-gowri-on-4-march-2010\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2010-03-03T18:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-07-04T23:40:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legaliadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Legal_india\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/narayana-bhat-vs-gowri-on-4-march-2010#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/narayana-bhat-vs-gowri-on-4-march-2010\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\"},\"headline\":\"Narayana Bhat vs Gowri on 4 March, 2010\",\"datePublished\":\"2010-03-03T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-07-04T23:40:12+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/narayana-bhat-vs-gowri-on-4-march-2010\"},\"wordCount\":1267,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"High Court\",\"Kerala High Court\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/narayana-bhat-vs-gowri-on-4-march-2010#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/narayana-bhat-vs-gowri-on-4-march-2010\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/narayana-bhat-vs-gowri-on-4-march-2010\",\"name\":\"Narayana Bhat vs Gowri on 4 March, 2010 - 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