{"id":2823,"date":"2007-03-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-03-07T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ishwar-chandra-ors-vs-the-oriental-insurance-co-ltd-on-8-march-2007"},"modified":"2015-04-18T03:42:11","modified_gmt":"2015-04-17T22:12:11","slug":"ishwar-chandra-ors-vs-the-oriental-insurance-co-ltd-on-8-march-2007","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ishwar-chandra-ors-vs-the-oriental-insurance-co-ltd-on-8-march-2007","title":{"rendered":"Ishwar Chandra &amp; Ors vs The Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. &amp; &#8230; on 8 March, 2007"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Ishwar Chandra &amp; Ors vs The Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. &amp; &#8230; on 8 March, 2007<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: S.B. Sinha<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: S.B. Sinha, Markandey Katju<\/div>\n<pre>           CASE NO.:\nAppeal (civil)  1213 of 2007\n\nPETITIONER:\nIshwar Chandra &amp; Ors\n\nRESPONDENT:\nThe Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. &amp; Ors\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT: 08\/03\/2007\n\nBENCH:\nS.B. Sinha &amp; Markandey Katju\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>J U D G M E N T<\/p>\n<p>[Arising out of SLP (Civil) No. 16437 of 2006]<\/p>\n<p>S.B. SINHA, J :\n<\/p>\n<p>Leave granted.\n<\/p>\n<p>One Reshma Devi, aged about 40 years, was going to take bath at<br \/>\nRajghat Ganga with her son, Respondent No.3 herein.  Driver of an Eicher<br \/>\nTractor bearing Registration No. U.P.30\/8423 was driving the said vehicle<br \/>\nrashly and negligently hit her as a result whereof, she fell down.  She died on<br \/>\n01.05.1995.  A claim petition under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act,<br \/>\n1988 (for short, &#8216;the Act) was filed by Respondent No. 2 herein.  The said<br \/>\ntractor was insured with Respondent No.1, the Insurance Company.<br \/>\nThe Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal by an award dated 14.10.2004<br \/>\ndetermined the amount of compensation payable to the said respondent at<br \/>\nRs.1,06,000\/-.  Out of the said amount, a sum of Rs.75,000\/- was to be paid<br \/>\nto Respondent No. 2 (husband of the deceased) and Rs.31,000\/- to her son,<br \/>\nRespondent No.3 herein.\n<\/p>\n<p>Respondent No.1, however, preferred an appeal thereagainst, which<br \/>\nwas dismissed by an order dated 24.01.2005, stating :\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We, therefore, while dismissing the aforesaid appeal<br \/>\ngive liberty to the appellant to initiate appropriate<br \/>\nproceedings against the owner and driver of the vehicle<br \/>\nfor realization of the amount, which is to be paid by the<br \/>\nInsurance Company in terms of the award to the third<br \/>\nparty-claimant subject to establishing its case before the<br \/>\nTribunal.\n<\/p>\n<p>We further provide that the amount, which is in deposit<br \/>\nbefore this Court as well as before the Tribunal shall be<br \/>\nallowed to be withdrawn by the claimants\/respondents.<br \/>\nThe balance amount shall be deposited by the Insurance<br \/>\nCompany within two months from today before the<br \/>\nTribunal.  On deposit so being made, the<br \/>\nclaimants\/respondents shall be allowed to withdraw the<br \/>\nsame also without furnishing any security.\n<\/p>\n<p>It will, however, be open to the Insurance Company to<br \/>\nrecover the amount in question from the insured.  For the<br \/>\npurpose of recovering the same from the insured owner<br \/>\nof the vehicle, the insurer shall not be required to file a<br \/>\nsuit.  It may initiate a proceedings before the Executing<br \/>\nCourt as if the dispute between the insurer and the owner<br \/>\nwas the subject matter of determination before the<br \/>\nTribunal and the issue is decided against the owner and<br \/>\nin favour of the insurer.  It is further directed that before<br \/>\nreleasing the amount, the insured owner of the vehicle<br \/>\nshall be issued a notice and he shall be required to furnish<br \/>\nsecurity for the entire amount, which the insurer will pay<br \/>\nto the claimants.  This observation is in consonance with<br \/>\nthe view taken by the Apex Court in case of Oriental<br \/>\nInsurance Co. Ltd. Vs. Nanjappan and Others, AIR 2004<br \/>\nSC page 1630.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>Respondent No.1, however, filed an application for review of the said<br \/>\norder, inter alia, on the premise that as on the date of the accident,<br \/>\nadmittedly, the driver was not holding any valid licence in terms of the<br \/>\njudgment of this Court in <a href=\"\/doc\/1827019\/\">National Insurance Company Limited v. Swaran<br \/>\nSingh and Others<\/a> [(2004) 3 SCC 297].  Relying on or on the basis of the<br \/>\ndecision of this Court in <a href=\"\/doc\/1899209\/\">Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. v.  Nanjappan and<br \/>\nOthers<\/a> [AIR 2004 SC 1630], the said application for review was dismissed.\n<\/p>\n<p>The learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellants would<br \/>\nsubmit that although the licence held by the driver of the tractor expired on<br \/>\n27.08.1994, the same later on having been renewed, the Insurance Company<br \/>\nwas liable to reimburse the amount of compensation payable by the<br \/>\nappellants to the claimant-respondents.\n<\/p>\n<p>The learned counsel appearing on behalf of the respondents, however,<br \/>\nsupported the impugned judgment.\n<\/p>\n<p>Section 15(1) of the Act and the first proviso appended thereto reads<br \/>\nas under :\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;15. Renewal of driving licences. (1) Any licensing<br \/>\nauthority may, on application made to it, renew a driving<br \/>\nlicence issued under the provisions of this Act with effect<br \/>\nfrom the dale of its expiry:\n<\/p>\n<p> \tProvided that in any case where the application<br \/>\nfor the renewal of a licence is made more than thirty days<br \/>\nafter the dale of its expiry, the driving licence shall be<br \/>\nrenewed with effect from the date of its renewal:&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>From a bare perusal of the said provision, it would appear that the<br \/>\nlicence is renewed in terms of the said Act and the rules framed thereunder.<br \/>\nThe proviso appended to Section 15(1) of the Act in no uncertain terms<br \/>\nstates that whereas the original licence granted despite expiry remains valid<br \/>\nfor a period of 30 days from the date of expiry, if any application for<br \/>\nrenewal thereof is filed thereafter, the same would be renewed from the date<br \/>\nof its renewal.  The accident took place 28.04.1995.  As on the said date, the<br \/>\nrenewal application had not been filed, the driver, did not have a valid<br \/>\nlicence on the date when the vehicle met with the accident.\n<\/p>\n<p>In Swaran Singh (supra), whereupon the learned counsel appearing on<br \/>\nbehalf of the appellants relied upon, it is stated :<br \/>\n&#8220;45. Thus, a person whose licence is ordinarily renewed<br \/>\nin terms of the Motor Vehicles Act and the Rules framed<br \/>\nthereunder, despite the fact that during the interregnum<br \/>\nperiod, namely, when the accident took place and the<br \/>\ndate of expiry of the licence, he did not have a valid<br \/>\nlicence, he could during the prescribed period apply for<br \/>\nrenewal thereof and could obtain the same automatically<br \/>\nwithout undergoing any further test or without having<br \/>\nbeen declared unqualified therefor. Proviso appended to<br \/>\nSection 14 in unequivocal terms states that the licence<br \/>\nremains valid for a period of thirty days from the day of<br \/>\nits expiry.\n<\/p>\n<p>46. Section 15 of the Act does not empower the<br \/>\nauthorities to reject an application for renewal only on<br \/>\nthe ground that there is a break in validity or tenure of the<br \/>\ndriving licence has lapsed, as in the meantime the<br \/>\nprovisions for disqualification of the driver contained in<br \/>\nSections 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 and 24 will not be attracted,<br \/>\nwould indisputably confer a right upon the person to get<br \/>\nhis driving licence renewed. In that view of the matter, he<br \/>\ncannot be said to be delicensed and the same shall remain<br \/>\nvalid for a period of thirty days after its expiry.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>This aspect of the matter is now covered by a decision of this Court in<br \/>\n<a href=\"\/doc\/1490362\/\">National Insurance Company v. Kusum Rai &amp; Others<\/a>  [(2006) 4 SCC 250],<br \/>\nwherein this Court referring to Swaran Singh (supra), opined :<br \/>\n&#8220;14. This Court in Swaran Singh clearly laid down that the<br \/>\nliability of the Insurance Company vis-`-vis the owner<br \/>\nwould depend upon several factors. The owner would be<br \/>\nliable for payment of compensation in a case where the<br \/>\ndriver was not having a licence at all. It was the obligation<br \/>\non the part of the owner to take adequate care to see that<br \/>\nthe driver had an appropriate licence to drive the vehicle.<br \/>\nThe question as regards the liability of the owner vis-`-vis<br \/>\nthe driver being not possessed of a valid licence was<br \/>\nconsidered in Swaran Singh stating: (SCC pp. 336-37, para\n<\/p>\n<p>89)\n<\/p>\n<p>89. Section 3 of the Act casts an obligation on a<br \/>\ndriver to hold an effective driving licence for the<br \/>\ntype of vehicle which he intends to drive. Section 10<br \/>\nof the Act enables the Central Government to<br \/>\nprescribe forms of driving licences for various<br \/>\ncategories of vehicles mentioned in sub-section (2)<br \/>\nof the said section. The various types of vehicles<br \/>\ndescribed for which a driver may obtain a licence for<br \/>\none or more of them are: (a) motorcycle without<br \/>\ngear, (b) motorcycle with gear, (c) invalid carriage,\n<\/p>\n<p>(d) light motor vehicle, (e) transport vehicle, (f) road<br \/>\nroller, and (g) motor vehicle of other specified<br \/>\ndescription. The definition clause in Section 2 of the<br \/>\nAct defines various categories of vehicles which are<br \/>\ncovered in broad types mentioned in sub-section (2)<br \/>\nof Section 10. They are goods carriage, heavy goods<br \/>\nvehicle, heavy passenger motor vehicle, invalid<br \/>\ncarriage, light motor vehicle, maxi-cab, medium<br \/>\ngoods vehicle, medium passenger motor vehicle,<br \/>\nmotor-cab, motorcycle, omnibus, private service<br \/>\nvehicle, semi-trailer, tourist vehicle, tractor, trailer<br \/>\nand transport vehicle. In claims for compensation<br \/>\nfor accidents, various kinds of breaches with regard<br \/>\nto the conditions of driving licences arise for<br \/>\nconsideration before the Tribunal as a person<br \/>\npossessing a driving licence for motorcycle without<br \/>\ngear, [sic may be driving a vehicle] for which he has<br \/>\nno licence. Cases may also arise where a holder of<br \/>\ndriving licence for light motor vehicle is found to be<br \/>\ndriving a maxi-cab, motor-cab or omnibus for which<br \/>\nhe has no licence. In each case, on evidence led<br \/>\nbefore the Tribunal, a decision has to be taken<br \/>\nwhether the fact of the driver possessing licence for<br \/>\none type of vehicle but found driving another type of<br \/>\nvehicle, was the main or contributory cause of<br \/>\naccident. If on facts, it is found that the accident was<br \/>\ncaused solely because of some other unforeseen or<br \/>\nintervening causes like mechanical failures and<br \/>\nsimilar other causes having no nexus with the driver<br \/>\nnot possessing requisite type of licence, the insurer<br \/>\nwill not be allowed to avoid its liability merely for<br \/>\ntechnical breach of conditions concerning driving<br \/>\nlicence.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t[See Nanjappan (supra)]<\/p>\n<p>In this view of the matter, there is no merit in this appeal, which is<br \/>\ndismissed accordingly.  However, in the facts and circumstances of the case,<br \/>\nthere shall be no order as to costs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Ishwar Chandra &amp; Ors vs The Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. &amp; &#8230; on 8 March, 2007 Author: S.B. Sinha Bench: S.B. Sinha, Markandey Katju CASE NO.: Appeal (civil) 1213 of 2007 PETITIONER: Ishwar Chandra &amp; Ors RESPONDENT: The Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. &amp; Ors DATE OF JUDGMENT: 08\/03\/2007 BENCH: S.B. Sinha [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ishwar Chandra &amp; Ors vs The Oriental Insurance Co. 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