{"id":30347,"date":"1972-02-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1972-01-31T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/haru-das-gupta-vs-state-of-west-bengal-on-1-february-1972"},"modified":"2018-12-12T07:09:16","modified_gmt":"2018-12-12T01:39:16","slug":"haru-das-gupta-vs-state-of-west-bengal-on-1-february-1972","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/haru-das-gupta-vs-state-of-west-bengal-on-1-february-1972","title":{"rendered":"Haru Das Gupta vs State Of West Bengal on 1 February, 1972"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Haru Das Gupta vs State Of West Bengal on 1 February, 1972<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1972 AIR 1293, \t\t  1972 SCR  (3) 329<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: Shelat<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Shelat, J.M.<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nHARU DAS GUPTA\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSTATE OF WEST BENGAL\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT01\/02\/1972\n\nBENCH:\nSHELAT, J.M.\nBENCH:\nSHELAT, J.M.\nKHANNA, HANS RAJ\n\nCITATION:\n 1972 AIR 1293\t\t  1972 SCR  (3) 329\n 1972 SCC  (1) 639\n CITATOR INFO :\n F\t    1990 SC 487\t (12)\n\n\nACT:\nWest   Bengal  (Prevention  of\tViolent\t  Activities)\tAct,\n(President's Act 19 of 1970), ss. 12 and 13-Period of  three\nmonths from the date ofdetention-Method of computation.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\nThe petitioner was arrested and detained on February 5, 1971\nunder'\ts.  3  of the West  Bengal  (Prevention\t of  Violent\nActivities)  Act, 1970.\t After receipt of the report of\t the\nAdvisory   Board,  the\tSt-ate\tGovernment   confirmed\t the\ndetention order on May 5, 1971.\nOn  the question whether the confirmation was made  one\t day\nafter the expiration of the period of 3 months from the date\nof detention.\nHELD : The effect of defining a period from such a day until\nsuch  a day within which an act is to be done is to  exclude\nthe first day and to include the last day; and therefore, in\nthe present case, the order of confirmation was made  before\nthe  expiration of the period of three month&amp; from the\tdate\nof detention. [331 E-F]\nYoung v. Higgon, 6 M &amp; W 50  151 E.R. (Ex.) 317,  Radcliffe\nv..  Bartholomew, [1892] 1 Q.B. 161, Williams v.  Burges  10\nL.J.0.D.  10, Hardy v. Rlye, 9 B &amp; C 603, English v.  Cliff,\n[1914]\t2 Ch. 376, Goldsmiths Co. v. West Metropolitan\tRly.\nCo. [1904] 1 K.B. 15, Cartwright v., MacCormac, [1963] 1 All\nE.R. 11, 13, Marren v. Dawson Bentley &amp; Co..' Ltd., [1961] 2\nQ.B.  135, Stewart v. Chanman, .[1951] 2 K.B. 792,  In\tre.:\nNorth,\tEx parte Hasluck, [1895] 2 Q.B. 264  and  Halsbury's\nLaws  of Eng-land 3rd ed.  Vol. 37, pp. 92 and 95)  refererd\nto.\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>ORIGINAL JURISDICTION : Writ Petition No. 287 of 1971.<br \/>\nUnder article 32 of the Constitution of India for a writ  in<br \/>\nthenature or habeas corpus.\n<\/p>\n<p>N. N. Goswami, for the petitioner.\n<\/p>\n<p>D. N. Mukherjee, Sukumar Basu and G. S. Chatterjee, for the<br \/>\nrespondent.\n<\/p>\n<p>The Judgment of the Court was delivered by<br \/>\nShelat,\t J.  The petitioner was arrested  and  detained\t on,<br \/>\nFebruary  5,  1971  in pursuance of an\torder  of  detention<br \/>\npassed\ton  that  very day by the  District  Magistrate,  24<br \/>\nParganas  under\t sec.  3(1)  and  (3)  of  the\tWest  Bengal<br \/>\n(Prevention of Violent Activities), Act, President&#8217;s Act  19<br \/>\nof 1970.\n<\/p>\n<p>There  is no dispute that, as required by the Act, his\tcase<br \/>\nwas  referred  to the Advisory Board and on receipt  of\t its<br \/>\nreport that<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">330<\/span><br \/>\nthere  was  sufficient cause for his  detention,  the  State<br \/>\nGovernment  under  sec.\t 12  of the Act\t made  an  order  or<br \/>\ndecision   confirming\t.,the  said  detention\t order\t and<br \/>\ncontinuing   his   detention  thereunder.   The\t  order\t  of<br \/>\nconfirmation and continuation was made on May 5, 1971.<br \/>\nThe  only  contention raised in this petition was  that\t the<br \/>\norder  or  decision of confirmation of\tthe  said  detention<br \/>\norder was made one day after the expiration of the period of<br \/>\nthree  months  from  the date of detention,  that  the\tsaid<br \/>\nperiod of three months would lend on the midnight of May  4,<br \/>\n1971,  and  that  any  confirmation  .and  continuation\t  of<br \/>\ndetention made thereafter would not be valid.<br \/>\nThe question is when can the period of three months from the<br \/>\ndate of detention be said to have expired.  When a period of<br \/>\ntime  running  from a given day or event to another  day  or<br \/>\nevent  is  prescribed by law or fixed by  contract  and\t the<br \/>\nquestion  arises  whether  the computation  is\tto  be\tmade<br \/>\ninclusively or exclusively of the first-mentioned or of\t the<br \/>\nlast-mentioned day, regard must be had to the context and to<br \/>\nthe  purpose  for  which the computation  has  to  be  made.<br \/>\n(Halsbury&#8217;s  Laws  of England, (3rd. ed.) vol 3 7,  p.\t92).<br \/>\nThere is, however, a volume of authority in England  showing<br \/>\nthat where a certain thing has to be done within a specified<br \/>\nperiod, the day on which the cause of action arose, is to be<br \/>\nexcluded  from computation and the day on which such  action<br \/>\nis  taken  is to be included.  As early as 1840,  Parke,  B.<br \/>\nlaid down this rule in Young v. Higgon(1).  In Radcliffe  v.<br \/>\nBartholomew (2) Wills, J., relying on Williams v. Burgess(3)<br \/>\nand  Hardy  v.\tRyle (4) held that  a  complaint  under\t the<br \/>\nPrevention  of Cruelty to Animals Act, filed on June 30,  in<br \/>\nrespect of an act alleged to have been committed on May\t 30,<br \/>\nwas  &#8220;within  one  calendar month after the  cause  of\tsuch<br \/>\ncomplaint  shall arise&#8221;.  He held so on the  principle\tthat<br \/>\nthe day on which the cause for the complaint arose had to be<br \/>\nexcluded  while computing the period within which under\t the<br \/>\nAct the complaint had to be filed.  In Williams v.  Burgess,<br \/>\n(3)  the statute directed warrants of attorney to  be  filed<br \/>\n&#8220;within\t twenty one days after their execution&#8221;, and it\t was<br \/>\nheld  that a warrant .executed on the 9th day of  the  month<br \/>\nwould  be  regarded as having been filed in proper  time  if<br \/>\nfiled on the 30th, the day of execution being one which\t had<br \/>\nto  be\texcluded,.   On the other hand, in a  case  where  a<br \/>\nsettler\t by a settlement, dated May 13, 1892, conveyed\treal<br \/>\nestate\tunto  and  to the use of  the  trustees\t upon  trust<br \/>\nthereinafter declared and it was thereby declared that\tthey<br \/>\nshould\t,stand\tpossessed of the said premises\tduring\tthe<br \/>\nterm of twenty one years from the date thereof upon trust to<br \/>\napply the rents and<br \/>\n(1)  6 M &amp; W 50-151 English Reports (Ex) 317.<br \/>\n(2)  [1892] 1 Q.B. 161.\n<\/p>\n<p>(3)  10 L.J. Q.B.10.\n<\/p>\n<p>(4)  9 B &amp; C 603.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">331<\/span><\/p>\n<p>profits\t as  therein mentioned and it was  further  declared<br \/>\nthat them trustees should at the expiration of the said term<br \/>\nof  twenty-one years sell the said premises and pursuant  to<br \/>\nthe said trust for sale the trustees contracted to sell\t the<br \/>\nreal  estate on June 20, 1913, it was held that the term  of<br \/>\ntwenty-one  years  commenced from the midnight\tof  May\t 12,<br \/>\n1892,  and therefore, the trust was not void for  remoteness<br \/>\non  the ground of exceeding a term of twenty one years\tfrom<br \/>\nits creation. [see English v. Cliff (1)].<br \/>\nThese  decisions show that courts have drawn  a\t distinction<br \/>\nbetween a term created within which an act may be done and a<br \/>\ntime  limited  for the doing of an act.\t The  rule  is\twell<br \/>\nestablished  that  where a particular time is given  from  a<br \/>\ncertain\t date within which an act is to be done, the day  on<br \/>\nthat date is to be excluded. see Goldsmiths&#8217; Company v. The<br \/>\nWest  Metropolitan  Railway Company (2 ) 1.  This  rule\t was<br \/>\nfollowed   in\tCartwright  v.\tMacCormack(3),\t where\t the<br \/>\nexpression  &#8220;fifteen days from-the date of  commencement  of<br \/>\nthe  policy&#8221; in a cover note issued by an insurance  company<br \/>\nwas construed as excluding the first date and the cover note<br \/>\nto  commence at midnight of that day, and also in Marren  v.<br \/>\nDawson\tBentley &amp; Co. Ltd.,(4) a case for  compensation\t for<br \/>\ninjuries  received  in the course of employment,  where\t for<br \/>\npurposes  of computing the period of limitation the date  of<br \/>\nthe  accident,\tbeing the date of the cause of\taction,\t was<br \/>\nexcluded.  [see also Stewart v. Chanman(5) and In re  North,<br \/>\nEx parte Hasluck(6)].  Thus, as a general rule the effect of<br \/>\ndefining  a period from such a day until such a\t day  within<br \/>\nwhich  an act is to be done is to exclude the first day\t and<br \/>\nto  include the last day. (see Halsbury&#8217;s Laws\tof  England,<br \/>\n(3rd ed.) vol. 37, pp. 92 and 95) There is no reason why the<br \/>\naforesaid rule of construction followed consistently and for<br \/>\nso long should not also be applied here.\n<\/p>\n<p>In  computing  the period of three months from the  date  of<br \/>\ndetention, which was February 5, 1971, before the expiration<br \/>\nof which the order or decision for confirming the  detention<br \/>\norder and continuation of the detention thereunder had to be<br \/>\nmade,  the  date of the commencement of\t detention,  namely,<br \/>\nFebruary 5, 1971, has to be excluded.  So done, the order of<br \/>\nconfirmation was made before the expiration of the period of<br \/>\nthree months from the date of detention.\n<\/p>\n<p>The  contention\t raised on behalf of the  petitioner,  thus,<br \/>\ncannot\tbe  sustained.\t Accordingly the  writ\tpetition  is<br \/>\ndismissed.\n<\/p>\n<pre>V.P.S.\t\t\t       Petition dismissed.\n(1)  [1914] 2 Ch 376.\n(3)  [1963] 1 All E.R. 11 at P. 13.\n(5)  [1951] 2 K.B. 792.\n(2)  (1904) 1 K.B. 1, at p. 5.\n(4)  [1961] 2Q.B. 135.\n(6)  [1895] 2 Q.B. 264.\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">332<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Haru Das Gupta vs State Of West Bengal on 1 February, 1972 Equivalent citations: 1972 AIR 1293, 1972 SCR (3) 329 Author: Shelat Bench: Shelat, J.M. PETITIONER: HARU DAS GUPTA Vs. RESPONDENT: STATE OF WEST BENGAL DATE OF JUDGMENT01\/02\/1972 BENCH: SHELAT, J.M. BENCH: SHELAT, J.M. KHANNA, HANS RAJ CITATION: 1972 AIR [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30347","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Haru Das Gupta vs State Of West Bengal on 1 February, 1972 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/haru-das-gupta-vs-state-of-west-bengal-on-1-february-1972\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Haru Das Gupta vs State Of West Bengal on 1 February, 1972 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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