{"id":3181,"date":"2002-08-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2002-07-31T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/toran-singh-vs-state-of-madhya-pradesh-on-1-august-2002"},"modified":"2017-08-25T22:44:09","modified_gmt":"2017-08-25T17:14:09","slug":"toran-singh-vs-state-of-madhya-pradesh-on-1-august-2002","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/toran-singh-vs-state-of-madhya-pradesh-on-1-august-2002","title":{"rendered":"Toran Singh vs State Of Madhya Pradesh on 1 August, 2002"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Toran Singh vs State Of Madhya Pradesh on 1 August, 2002<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: S V Patil<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Doraiswamy Raju, Shivaraj V. Patil.<\/div>\n<pre>           CASE NO.:\nAppeal (crl.) 39  of  2002\n\n\n\nPETITIONER:\nTORAN SINGH\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSTATE OF MADHYA PRADESH\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\t01\/08\/2002\n\nBENCH:\nDORAISWAMY RAJU, SHIVARAJ V. PATIL.\n\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>Shivaraj V. Patil J.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThe appellant was convicted for offence under<br \/>\nSection 302 IPC and sentenced to imprisonment for life<br \/>\nby the Sessions Court.\tThe High Court dismissed the<br \/>\nappeal confirming the conviction and sentence passed by<br \/>\nthe Sessions Court.  Hence, this appeal by special<br \/>\nleave.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThe prosecution case as unfolded during trial is<br \/>\nthat the appellant had called deceased Hardas and his<br \/>\nson Puran Singh to his village\tHaider for properly<br \/>\nsetting roof tiles.  Hardas stayed in the house of the<br \/>\nappellant.  His son Puran Singh, PW-1, had gone to the<br \/>\nhouse of Gyarasa, barber (PW-3) of village Haider.  At<br \/>\nabout 11 o&#8217;clock on 24.6.1992 in the night, PW-1 came<br \/>\nto the house of the appellant to sleep. He saw that the<br \/>\nappellant was assaulting the deceased Hardas by axe.<br \/>\nWhen asked as to why he was cutting his father, the<br \/>\nappellant told him that the deceased Hardas had eloped<br \/>\nwith his wife and he was annoyed for the same.\tWhen<br \/>\nPW-1 tried to save Hardas, the appellant rushed towards<br \/>\nhim; so he ran away to his village Miyan Khedi to save<br \/>\nhimself.  He awakened his brothers Bhagwat and Seeta<br \/>\nRam and informed about the occurrence.\tPW-1 and his<br \/>\nbrothers went towards village Haider.  On the way, PW-2<br \/>\nKamla, Chowkidar of the said village met and told them<br \/>\nthat the appellant had murdered Hardas\tand asked them<br \/>\nto go back and lodge report in the police station.<br \/>\nThereafter, PW-1 went to the house of Sarpanch of his<br \/>\nvillage Miyan Khedi and lodged F.I.R. in the police<br \/>\nstation.  After investigation, the police filed challan<br \/>\nfor the offence under Section 302 IPC against the<br \/>\nappellant.  After trial, the learned Sessions Judge,<br \/>\nfinding the appellant guilty for the offence under<br \/>\nSection 302, convicted and sentenced him for<br \/>\nimprisonment for life.\tAs already noticed above, the<br \/>\nappellant unsuccessfully challenged the said order of<br \/>\nthe learned Sessions Judge before the High Court.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThe learned counsel for the appellant contended<br \/>\nthat the High Court failed in its duty and committed<br \/>\nmanifest error in not appraising and re-appreciating<br \/>\nthe evidence as it ought to be as the first court of<br \/>\nappeal; as is evident from the impugned judgment, there<br \/>\nis narration of prosecution case and reference to the<br \/>\nevidence of few prosecution witnesses without there<br \/>\nbeing any consideration and appreciation of evidence;<br \/>\nthe High Court wrongly placing the burden on the<br \/>\ndefence and accepted the deposition of PW-1 Puran Singh<br \/>\nas inspiring confidence.  The learned counsel added<br \/>\nthat the appellant had only one hand as the other hand<br \/>\nhad been mutilated and it was not possible to assault<br \/>\nthe deceased that too in the presence of his son in the<br \/>\nmanner described.  Except the interested testimony of<br \/>\nPW-1 Puran Singh, the son of the deceased who was the<br \/>\nonly so-called eye-witness, there is no other evidence<br \/>\nto support the version given by PW-1; even conduct of<br \/>\nPW-1 was unnatural and improbable inasmuch as he runs<br \/>\naway leaving the father when he was being assaulted and<br \/>\nhe does not try to secure help of others in the village<br \/>\neither; he goes to his village Miyan Khedi; further<br \/>\naccording to the learned counsel, there is a material<br \/>\ncontradiction as to the time the PW-1 returning from<br \/>\nthe house of Gyarasa, PW-3 and Ghuman Singh (PW-9) who<br \/>\nis alleged to have given information about the murder<br \/>\nto Kamla (PW-2), did not support the case of the<br \/>\nprosecution;  PW-3 and PW-9 both were treated as<br \/>\nhostile by the prosecution; unfortunately, the trial<br \/>\ncourt also narrated the prosecution case and referred<br \/>\nto the portions of prosecution witnesses but failed to<br \/>\nobjectively evaluate and scrutinize the evidence.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThe learned counsel for the respondent argued<br \/>\nsupporting the impugned judgment and was not in a<br \/>\nposition to give satisfactory explanation to the<br \/>\ninfirmities and defects pointed out in the prosecution<br \/>\ncase.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tWe have carefully considered the submissions made<br \/>\nby the learned counsel for the parties.\t Ordinarily<br \/>\nthis Court does not disturb or upset the concurrent<br \/>\nfindings recorded by the trial court as affirmed by the<br \/>\nHigh Court, entering into the domain of appreciation of<br \/>\nevidence.  But in a case like this where there was no<br \/>\nproper and objective appreciation of evidence by the<br \/>\ntrial court and the High Court, as a first court of<br \/>\nappeal, fails in its duty of re-appreciating the<br \/>\nevidence and reviewing the evidence objectively and<br \/>\nsimply endorses the conclusion arrived at by the trial<br \/>\ncourt resulting in patent miscarriage of justice, not<br \/>\nonly this Court interferes but it becomes the duty of<br \/>\nthis Court to do so to prevent miscarriage of justice.<br \/>\nIn this case we have no hesitation to upset the order<br \/>\nof conviction and sentence passed against the appellant<br \/>\nfor the reasons more than one given hereinbelow.\n<\/p>\n<p>(i)\tThe motive for the alleged offence is that the<br \/>\ndeceased had eloped with the wife of the<br \/>\nappellant.  If that be so, it was improbable that<br \/>\nthe appellant would have gone from his village<br \/>\nHaider to other village Miyan Khedi of the<br \/>\ndeceased and PW-1 to call them for properly<br \/>\nsetting the roof of his house as if no one else<br \/>\ncould do the job in his village itself.\t In the<br \/>\nbackground of ill-will and enmity, he could not<br \/>\nhave chosen to call the deceased and his son to<br \/>\nhis house and the deceased and his son could not<br \/>\nhave gone to the house of the appellant and that<br \/>\ntoo to stay there overnight.  There is no evidence<br \/>\non record to speak about the deceased and his son<br \/>\nreaching the house of the appellant or their stay<br \/>\nin that house.\n<\/p>\n<p>(ii)\tPW-1 was the only eye-witness according to the<br \/>\nprosecution.  He being the son of the deceased is<br \/>\nobviously an interested witness.  His evidence<br \/>\nought to have been scrutinized with greater care<br \/>\nand caution.  Even otherwise, his evidence is not<br \/>\ncorroborated on material aspects by the evidence<br \/>\nof other witnesses.  According to the prosecution,<br \/>\nPW-1 had gone to the house of Gyarasa (PW-3) on<br \/>\nthe date of incident and returned to the house of<br \/>\nthe appellant at 11.00 p.m. but PW-3 in his<br \/>\nevidence has stated that PW-1 left his house at<br \/>\nthe time of sunset in the evening.  It may also be<br \/>\nnoted here that PW-3 did not support the<br \/>\nprosecution case and he was treated hostile.\n<\/p>\n<p>(iii)PW-2, Kamla, Chowkidar of the village, stated that<br \/>\nwhen PW-1 and his brothers were coming to village<br \/>\nHaider, he met them on the way and told them that<br \/>\nthe appellant had killed the deceased and they<br \/>\nneed not go further and should return and go to<br \/>\npolice station to lodge the complaint.\tPW-2 has<br \/>\nstated that he was told by PW-9 Ghuman Singh about<br \/>\nthe appellant killing the deceased but PW-9 Ghuman<br \/>\nSingh does not support the case of the prosecution<br \/>\nand the statement of PW-2.  He too was treated as<br \/>\nhostile.\n<\/p>\n<p>(iv)\tThe axe alleged to have been used in the<br \/>\ncommission of offence, said to have been recovered<br \/>\nat the instance of the appellant, was not produced<br \/>\nbefore the Court and there was no occasion for the<br \/>\ndoctor to confirm whether injuries of the nature<br \/>\nfound on the deceased could be caused by such an<br \/>\naxe.\n<\/p>\n<p>(v)\tThe conduct of PW-1, the only eye-witness, that<br \/>\ntoo to the part of the incident is highly<br \/>\nunnatural and improbable.  When his father was<br \/>\nbeing assaulted with axe on the neck and other<br \/>\nparts of the body, he does not make hue and cry;<br \/>\nhe does not try to rescue; the appellant has only<br \/>\none hand; the PW-1 and his father in the ordinary<br \/>\ncourse would have over-powered him and it appears<br \/>\ndoubtful whether the appellant could assault with<br \/>\nhis one hand causing so many injuries on the body<br \/>\nof the deceased in the manner stated; PW-1 does<br \/>\nnot try to take the help of the people in village<br \/>\nHaider around the house of appellant; he ran to<br \/>\nhis village Miyan Khedi and thereafter goes back<br \/>\nwith his brothers to Haider and returns to his<br \/>\nvillage again after PW-2, Kamla, told them about<br \/>\nthe murder of their father.  There was delay in<br \/>\nlodging the complaint also. These factors would<br \/>\nrender the very presence claimed of PW-1 at the<br \/>\nplace and time of occurrence itself doubtful and<br \/>\nincredible.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tApart from material contradictions and omissions<br \/>\nin the statements of witnesses, these factors clearly<br \/>\nindicate the serious infirmities and improbabilities of<br \/>\nthe prosecution case giving rise to grave doubts as to<br \/>\nthe involvement of the appellant in the commission of<br \/>\nthe offence.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThe substantial portion of the judgment of the<br \/>\ntrial court is contained in the narration of<br \/>\nprosecution story and referring to the prosecution<br \/>\nwitnesses.  We hardly find evaluation, analysis or<br \/>\nscrutiny of evidence in a proper perspective<br \/>\nobjectively.  With regard to serious infirmities<br \/>\npointed out by the defence raising doubt of the<br \/>\nprosecution case, the learned Sessions Judge has simply<br \/>\nstated that he did not agree with such contentions.<br \/>\nThe trial court, in our view, was not right and<br \/>\njustified in lightly brushing aside the infirmities and<br \/>\nimprobabilities brought out from the prosecution case,<br \/>\nthat too when the entire prosecution case rested on<br \/>\nsole eye-witness, who was interested being the son of<br \/>\nthe deceased; more so in the absence of any<br \/>\ncorroboration of his evidence by other independent<br \/>\nevidence on material aspects of the prosecution case.<br \/>\nIt is unfortunate that the High Court has simply<br \/>\nendorsed the conviction and sentence passed by the<br \/>\ntrial court without objectively and satisfactorily<br \/>\nscrutinizing and examining the evidence as a first<br \/>\ncourt of appeal except narrating the prosecution case<br \/>\nand referring briefly to the evidence of few<br \/>\nprosecution witness.  The reason recorded by the High<br \/>\nCourt is to be seen in para 10 of the judgment which<br \/>\nreads:-\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Thus in the absence of plausible<br \/>\ndefence by the appellant and the fact<br \/>\nthat the deceased had stayed in the<br \/>\nhouse of appellant and in the absence of<br \/>\nthe explanation as to the cause of<br \/>\ndeath, the appellant is liable to be<br \/>\nconvicted.  Deposition of PW-1 Puran<br \/>\ninspires confidence and finds support<br \/>\nfrom the medical evidence.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>\tIn the light of what we have stated above, we find<br \/>\nit difficult to agree with the High Court as to how<br \/>\ndeposition of PW-1 Puran Singh inspires confidence.  As<br \/>\nis evident from the above para, the High Court instead<br \/>\nof giving benefit of doubt to the appellant, placed the<br \/>\nburden on the defence  and found that there was absence<br \/>\nof plausible defence and explanation by the appellant.<br \/>\nThe case of the prosecution should rest on its strength<br \/>\nnot on the absence of explanation or plausible defence<br \/>\nby the accused.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThus, we find it difficult to sustain the impugned<br \/>\njudgment.  In the result, the impugned judgment<br \/>\naffirming the judgment of the trial court is set aside.<br \/>\nThe appellant is acquitted giving benefit of doubt.  He<br \/>\nbe set at liberty forthwith if he is not required in<br \/>\nany other case.\t The appeal is allowed accordingly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Toran Singh vs State Of Madhya Pradesh on 1 August, 2002 Author: S V Patil Bench: Doraiswamy Raju, Shivaraj V. Patil. CASE NO.: Appeal (crl.) 39 of 2002 PETITIONER: TORAN SINGH Vs. RESPONDENT: STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH DATE OF JUDGMENT: 01\/08\/2002 BENCH: DORAISWAMY RAJU, SHIVARAJ V. PATIL. JUDGMENT: Shivaraj V. Patil [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Toran Singh vs State Of Madhya Pradesh on 1 August, 2002 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/toran-singh-vs-state-of-madhya-pradesh-on-1-august-2002\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Toran Singh vs State Of Madhya Pradesh on 1 August, 2002 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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