{"id":3204,"date":"1990-03-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1990-03-18T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/b-krishna-bhat-vs-union-of-india-and-ors-on-19-march-1990"},"modified":"2019-03-13T10:54:46","modified_gmt":"2019-03-13T05:24:46","slug":"b-krishna-bhat-vs-union-of-india-and-ors-on-19-march-1990","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/b-krishna-bhat-vs-union-of-india-and-ors-on-19-march-1990","title":{"rendered":"B. Krishna Bhat vs Union Of India And Ors on 19 March, 1990"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">B. Krishna Bhat vs Union Of India And Ors on 19 March, 1990<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1990 SCR  (2)\t 1, \t  1990 SCC  (3)\t 65<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: S Mukharji<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Mukharji, Sabyasachi (Cj)<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nB. KRISHNA BHAT\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nUNION OF INDIA AND ORS.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT19\/03\/1990\n\nBENCH:\nMUKHARJI, SABYASACHI (CJ)\nBENCH:\nMUKHARJI, SABYASACHI (CJ)\nPUNCHHI, M.M.\n\nCITATION:\n 1990 SCR  (2)\t 1\t  1990 SCC  (3)\t 65\n JT 1990 (2)\t34\t  1990 SCALE  (1)653\n\n\nACT:\n    Constitution  Of  India, 1950: Articles  32\t &amp;  37--Writ\nPetition  for  direction to State of  Karnataka\t to  enforce\ntotal prohibition--Whether maintainable.\n    Karnataka  Excise (Sale of Indian and  Foreign  Liquors)\nRules,\t1968: Rule 3(11)(b) as amended by  Amendment  Rules,\n1989  \"Distributor  licence--Monopoly  conferred  on  State-\nWhether constitutionally valid--Writ Petition under Art.  32\nof  Constitution for enforcement of policy  of\tprohibition.\nWhether maintainable.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n    Clause  (b)\t of sub-rule (11) rule 3  of  the  Karnataka\nExcise\t(Sale of Indian and Foreign Liquors) Rules, 1968  as\namended\t by  the Amendment Rules, 1989, requires  the  State\nGovernment to issue distributor licence only to such company\nowned or controlled by it as may be specified.\n    The\t petitioner assailed the constitutional validity  of\nclause (b) on the ground that the policy of prohibition\t was\nnot  being  implemented\t as enjoined by Article\t 47  of\t the\nConstitution  inasmuch as the State of Karnataka instead  of\nbringing total prohibition in the State, had evinced  inter-\nest  in taking up the responsibility of selling\t liquors  to\nthe general public, and sought a direction to the Union\t and\nother  State  Governments  to enforce the  policy  of  total\nprohibition.\nDismissing the writ petition, the Court,\n    HELD:  1. There is no direct or casual violation of\t any\nfundamental  right of which the petitioner can\tlegitimately\nclaim enforcement.\n    2.\tArticle 47 is in Part IV of the\t Constitution  which\ncontains  Directive Principles of State Policy.\t Article  37\nenjoins\t that the provisions of this part shall not  be\t en-\nforceable  by any court. Article 32 gives the Supreme  Court\nthe  power to enforce rights which are\tfundamental  rights.\nFundamental rights are justifiable, Directive Principles are\nnot.\n2\nDirective Principles are aimed at securing certain values or\nenforcing  certain  attitudes in the law making and  in\t the\nadministration\tof law. Directive Principles cannot  in\t the\nvery nature of things be enforced in a court of law.\n    <a href=\"\/doc\/1111529\/\">Akhil  Bharatiya  Soshit Karamchari Sangh  v.  Union  of\nIndia,<\/a> [1981] 1 SCC 246, referred to.\n    3. Whether a law should be made embodying the principles\nof  Directive Principles depends on the legislative will  of\nthe  legislature. In the instant case, what  the  petitioner\nsought\tto achieve by his application was to inject a  sense\nof priority and urgency in that legislative will.  Determin-\ning  the  choice of priorities and  formulating\t perspective\nthereof,  is a matter of policy. Article 32 is not  the\t ma-\nchinery\t through which policy preferences or priorities\t are\ndetermined.  It\t is  not the nest for all the  bees  in\t the\nbonnet of 'public spirited persons'.\n    <a href=\"\/doc\/513801\/\">Rustom  Cavasjee Cooper v. Union of India,<\/a> [1970] 3\t SCR\n550, referred to.\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>     CIVIL ORIGINAL JURISDICTION: Writ Petition (Civil)\t No.<br \/>\nof 1990.\n<\/p>\n<p>(Under Article 32 of the Constitution of India)<br \/>\nN.D.R. Ramachandra Rao and Vineet Kumar for the petitioner.<br \/>\nThe Judgment of the Court was delivered by<br \/>\n    SABYASACHI\tMUKHARJI,   CJ.\t This is  a  petition  under<br \/>\narticle\t 32  of the Constitution of  India.  The  petitioner<br \/>\nclaims\tto  be &#8220;a public spirited  individual&#8221;.\t He  further<br \/>\nclaims\tto  be a person aggrieved and seeks  to\t assail\t the<br \/>\nconstitutional\tvalidity of the State of Karnataka  and\t the<br \/>\nUnion of India not promoting, enforcing and carrying out the<br \/>\npolicy of prohibition i.e. manufacturing, sale and  consump-<br \/>\ntion  of intoxicating drinks and drugs throughout the  coun-<br \/>\ntry&#8211;India&#8211;Bharat,  and  also\tassails\t the  constitutional<br \/>\nvalidity  of  clause  (b) of sub-rule  1 of rule  3  of\t the<br \/>\nKarnataka Excise (Sale of Indian and Foreign Liquors) Rules,<br \/>\n1968 as amended by the Karnataka Excise (Sale of Indian\t and<br \/>\nForeign\t Liquors)  (Amendment) Rules, 1989 which  came\tinto<br \/>\nfore on 10th September, 1989.\n<\/p>\n<p>The  petitioner refers to the Preamble to  the\tConstitution<br \/>\nwhich,<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">3<\/span><br \/>\naccording  to him, explains the general purpose\t behind\t the<br \/>\ngeneral provisions of the Constitution. He refers to Mahatma<br \/>\nGandhi\tand his commitment to prohibition. According to\t the<br \/>\npetitioner, manufacture, sale and consumption of  intoxicat-<br \/>\ning  drinks  and drugs have become a stumbling block  and  a<br \/>\ndangerous dragon to the progress and stability of the nation<br \/>\nas a whole. The petitioner states that unless this dragon is<br \/>\ncompletely  destroyed  the  country  could  never  think  of<br \/>\nachieving    the   objects   of\t  the\t Constitution\t and<br \/>\njustice&#8211;social, economic and political. People are flouting<br \/>\nthe laws of this country, therefore, the petitioner  objects<br \/>\nthat  the  State should take upon the  business\t of  selling<br \/>\nliquors. He has asserted that the State of Karnataka instead<br \/>\nof  bringing  total prohibition in the\tState,\thas  evinced<br \/>\ninterest in taking up the responsibility of selling  liquors<br \/>\nto the general public. Hence, it is bad and contrary to\t the<br \/>\nConstitution,  and  he challenges the amendment\t which\tpre-<br \/>\nscribes\t the licence for sale shall be issued to  only\tsuch<br \/>\ncompany\t owned or controlled by the State Government as\t the<br \/>\nState Govt. may specify. According to the petitioner, such a<br \/>\nrule is unconstitutional. He draws our attention to  Article<br \/>\n47  of the Constitution of India which\tindicates  directive<br \/>\nprinciples.\n<\/p>\n<p>    In the aforesaid view of the matter he claims that\tthis<br \/>\nCourt  should  direct  the Union of India  and\tother  State<br \/>\nGovernments  to\t enforce  the policy  of  total\t prohibition<br \/>\nthroughout the country including the State of Karnataka\t and<br \/>\nto impose restrictions on manufacture, sale and\t consumption<br \/>\nof  intoxicating drinks and to declare rule 3 of  the  these<br \/>\nrules as void and unconstitutional.\n<\/p>\n<p>    We\tare  unable to entertain this  writ  petition  under<br \/>\narticle\t 32 of the Constitution. The petition of  the  peti-<br \/>\ntioner is that the policy of prohibition is not being imple-<br \/>\nmented as enjoined by article 47 of the Constitution. In our<br \/>\nopinion, it is not entertainable. Article 47 of the  Consti-<br \/>\ntution,\t which is part of our Directive Principles of  State<br \/>\nPolicy\tenjoins that the State shall regard the\t raising  of<br \/>\nthe  level  of nutrition and the standard of living  of\t its<br \/>\npeople\tand  the improvement of public health as  among\t its<br \/>\nprimary duties and, in particular, the State shall endeavour<br \/>\nto  bring  about prohibition of the consumption\t except\t for<br \/>\nmedicinal purposes of intoxicating drinks and of drugs which<br \/>\nare  injurious\tto health. Article 47 is in Part IV  of\t the<br \/>\nConstitution  which contains Directive Principles  of  State<br \/>\nPolicy. Article 37 enjoins that the provisions of this\tPart<br \/>\nshall  not be enforceable by any court, but  the  principles<br \/>\ntherein laid down are nevertheless fundamental in the gover-<br \/>\nnance  of the country and it shall be the duty of the  State<br \/>\nto apply these principles in making laws. It has to be borne<br \/>\nin mind that Article<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">4<\/span><br \/>\n32 of the Constitution gives the Supreme Court the power  to<br \/>\nenforce\t rights\t which are fundamental\trights.\t Fundamental<br \/>\nrights are justifiable, Directive Principles are not. Direc-<br \/>\ntive  Principles  are aimed at securing\t certain  values  or<br \/>\nenforcing  certain  attitudes in the law making and  in\t the<br \/>\nadministration\tof law. Directive Principles cannot  in\t the<br \/>\nvery nature of things be enforced in a court of law. See  in<br \/>\nthis  connection  the observations of this  Court  in  <a href=\"\/doc\/1111529\/\">Akhil<br \/>\nBharatiya Soshit Karamchari Sangh v. Union of India,<\/a>  [1981]<br \/>\n1 SCC 246. Whether a law should be made embodying the  prin-<br \/>\nciples\tof Directive Principles depends on  the\t legislative<br \/>\nwill  of  the  legislature. What  the  petitioner  seeks  to<br \/>\nachieve by this application is to inject a sense of priority<br \/>\nand urgency in that legislative will. Determining the choice<br \/>\nof  priorities\tand formulating perspective  thereof,  is  a<br \/>\nmatter\tof policy. Article 32 is not the  machinery  through<br \/>\nwhich  policy preferences or priorities are  determined\t and<br \/>\nthis Court is not the forum where the conflicting claims  of<br \/>\npolicies  or priorities should be debated. See the  observa-<br \/>\ntions  of this Court in <a href=\"\/doc\/513801\/\">Rustom Cavasjee Cooper v.  Union  of<br \/>\nIndia,<\/a> [1970] 3 SCR 530 at p. 584.\n<\/p>\n<p>    We find no direct or casual violation of any fundamental<br \/>\nright  of  which the petitioner can legitimately  claim\t en-<br \/>\nforcement  in this application. To make the State  accept  a<br \/>\nparticular  policy,  desirable and necessary as\t the  policy<br \/>\nmight be is not the function of Article 32 of the  Constitu-<br \/>\ntion. Article 32 of the Indian Constitution is not the\tnest<br \/>\nfor all the bees in the bonnet of &#8216;public spirited persons&#8217;.<br \/>\n    In\tthe  aforesaid\tview of the matter,  we\t decline  to<br \/>\nentertain  this\t application  and the  same  is\t accordingly<br \/>\ndismissed.\n<\/p>\n<pre>P.S.S.\t\t\t\t\t Petition dismissed.\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">5<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India B. Krishna Bhat vs Union Of India And Ors on 19 March, 1990 Equivalent citations: 1990 SCR (2) 1, 1990 SCC (3) 65 Author: S Mukharji Bench: Mukharji, Sabyasachi (Cj) PETITIONER: B. KRISHNA BHAT Vs. RESPONDENT: UNION OF INDIA AND ORS. DATE OF JUDGMENT19\/03\/1990 BENCH: MUKHARJI, SABYASACHI (CJ) BENCH: MUKHARJI, SABYASACHI [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3204","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>B. 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