{"id":33651,"date":"1965-02-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1965-02-07T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/bombay-municipal-corporation-vs-dhondu-narayan-chowdhary-on-8-february-1965"},"modified":"2015-01-27T23:39:55","modified_gmt":"2015-01-27T18:09:55","slug":"bombay-municipal-corporation-vs-dhondu-narayan-chowdhary-on-8-february-1965","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/bombay-municipal-corporation-vs-dhondu-narayan-chowdhary-on-8-february-1965","title":{"rendered":"Bombay Municipal Corporation vs Dhondu Narayan Chowdhary on 8 February, 1965"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Bombay Municipal Corporation vs Dhondu Narayan Chowdhary on 8 February, 1965<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1965 AIR 1486, \t\t  1965 SCR  (2) 929<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: Hidayatullah<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Hidayatullah, M.<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nBOMBAY MUNICIPAL CORPORATION\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nDHONDU NARAYAN CHOWDHARY\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\n08\/02\/1965\n\nBENCH:\nHIDAYATULLAH, M.\nBENCH:\nHIDAYATULLAH, M.\nGAJENDRAGADKAR, P.B. (CJ)\nSHAH, J.C.\nSIKRI, S.M.\n\nCITATION:\n 1965 AIR 1486\t\t  1965 SCR  (2) 929\n\n\nACT:\nBombay City Corporation Act, s. 68-Commissioner empowered to\ndelegate  his judicial functions under\tChapter\t VI-A-Powers\ndelegated subject to Commissioner's 'control' and subject to\nhis revision'-Delegation whether proper.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\nOne  C\ta  tenant  of a Chawl  belonging  to  the  Municipal\nCorporation  of\t Bombay\t died, and his\twidow  on  whom\t the\ntenancy\t devolved,  took in a boarder.\tProceedings  by\t the\nCorporation under Chapter VI-A of the Municipal\t Corporation\nAct for their ejectment were initiated by an officer to whom\nthe commissioner had delegated his powers under s. 68 of the\nAct.  After due enquiry the officer passed an order evicting\nC's widow and her boarder.  In an appeal filed under s. 105F\nof  the Act before the Bombay City Civil Court it  was\theld\nthat  the  delegation of the Commissioner's  power  was\t not\nproper\tinasmuch  as  the judicial  functions  of  the\tCom-\nmissioner  under ss. 105B to 105E had been delegated  to  be\nexercised  under the Commissioner's control and\t subject  to\nhis  revision, and consequently the order of  ejectment\t was\nwithout jurisdiction.  The Corporation appealed, by  special\nleave, to the Supreme Court.  No question as to the validity\nof the law was raised.\tIt was only contended that  judicial\npower  was  delegated with administrative control  over\t the\ndelegates decision.\nHELD  :(i) Section 68 was originally intended to cover\tvery\ndifferent  matters because Chapter VI-A could not then\thave\nbeen  in contemplation.\t When Chapter VI-A was added  and  a\nreference  to  ss. 105B to 105E was included in s.  68,\t the\nwording\t of  that section became applicable  to\t the  powers\nexercisable  under  ss.\t 105B  to  105E,  even\tthough\tthat\nwording,  taken\t literally,  is\t somewhat  inapt  to   cover\ndelegation of judicial power. [932 D]\n(ii) To\t the delegation of judicial power as such there\t can\nbe  no\tobjection  when\t the  law  either  expressly  or  by\nnecessary  implication permits it.  In the present case\t the\namendment  of  s. 68 by inclusion of the delegation  of\t the\nfunction  of  the Commissioner under ss. 105B to  105E\tdoes\nindicate the intention that the judicial and  quasi-judicial\npowers contained in Chapter VI-A were expressly intended  to\nbe  delegated.\tThe words \"the Commissioner's  control\"\t and\n\"subject  to his revision\" in s. 68, as well as in order  of\ndelegation,  are  really  appropriate  to  a  delegation  of\nadministrative\t functions.    They   must   be\t  reasonably\nconstrued.    In  respect  of  judicial\t or   quasi-judicial\nfunctions  these  words cannot bear the meaning\t which\tthey\nbear  in the delegation of administrative  functions.\tWhen\nthe  Commissioner stated that his functions  were  delegated\nsubject to his control and revision it did not mean that  he\nreserved to himself the right to intervene to impose his own\ndecision  upon his delegate.  The control envisaged was\t not\ncontrol\t  over\t the   decision\t as  such   but\t  over\t the\nadministrative\taspects of cases and their disposal and\t the\ndelegation was valid. [932 F-933 B]\nThe order of the Bombay City Civil Court could not therefore\nbe sustained.\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 865 of 1964.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">930<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Appeal\tby special leave from the judgment and\torder  dated<br \/>\nFebruary  14, 1964 of the Bombay City Civil Court at  Bombay<br \/>\nin Appeal No. 86 of 1963.\n<\/p>\n<p>M.   C.\t Setalvad,  J.\tB.  Dadachanji,\t O.  C.\t Mathur\t and<br \/>\nRavinder Narain, for the appellant.\n<\/p>\n<p>B. K. Bhattacharjee and S. N. Mukherjee, for the respondent.<br \/>\nThe Judgment of the Court was delivered by<br \/>\nHidayatullah, J. In this appeal by special leave against the<br \/>\njudgment and order of the Principal Judge, City Civil Court,<br \/>\nBombay dated February 14, 1964, the only question is whether<br \/>\nthe delegation by the Commissioner, Municipal Corporation of<br \/>\nhis functions under ss. 105B to 105E to certain officers  of<br \/>\nthe Corporation was valid and proper.  This question  arises<br \/>\nin the following circumstances :\n<\/p>\n<p>One  Govind  Hari was a monthly tenant of room No. 23  of  a<br \/>\nchawl  at Chandanwadi.\tAfter his death in 1961 the  tenancy<br \/>\ndevolved  on  his widow Anusuyabai, who took in\t a  boarder.<br \/>\nThe   chawl  belonged  to  the\tMunicipal  Corporation\t and<br \/>\nproceedings  were taken to eject Anusuyabai and the  boarder<br \/>\nunder Chapter VI-A of the Municipal Corporation Act.   These<br \/>\nproceedings  were initiated by one of the officers  to\twhom<br \/>\nthe  powers of the Commissioner were delegated by him  under<br \/>\ns.  68 of the Act.  After due enquiry the officer passed  an<br \/>\norder evicting these persons.  An appeal was filed under  S.<br \/>\n105F of the Act before the Bombay City Civil Court.  In that<br \/>\nappeal it was held that the delegation was not proper  inas-<br \/>\nmuch as the judicial functions of the Commissioner under ss.<br \/>\n105B  to 105E had been delegated to be exercised  under\t the<br \/>\nCommissioner&#8217;s\tcontrol\t and subject to his  revision.\t The<br \/>\nlearned\t Judge pointed out that judicial  or  quasi-judicial<br \/>\npower  could not ordinarily be delegated and, in any  event,<br \/>\nit  could  not\tbe delegated so that the  control  over\t the<br \/>\ndecision was kept by the Commissioner.\tHe, therefore,\theld<br \/>\nthat  the officer who had passed the order was not  properly<br \/>\ninvested with jurisdiction and the order was thus a nullity.<br \/>\nThe  Bombay Municipal Corporation Act is an Act of 1888\t and<br \/>\nit  has been amended frequently.  Section 68 is one  of\t the<br \/>\noriginal sections and it provides as follows :\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\t      &#8220;68.   Municipal officers may be empowered  to<br \/>\n\t      exercise\tcertain of the powers, etc.  of\t the<br \/>\n\t      Commissioner.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">\t      931<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\t      (1)   Any\t of the powers, duties or  functions<br \/>\n\t      conferred\t or  imposed upon or vested  in\t the<br \/>\n\t      Commissioner  by\tany of\tthe  sections,\tsub-<br \/>\n\t      sections\tor clauses mentioned in\t sub-section<br \/>\n\t      (2) may be exercised, performed or discharged,<br \/>\n\t      under  the Commissioner&#8217;s control and  subject<br \/>\n\t      to  his  revision and to such  conditions\t and<br \/>\n\t      limitations, if any, as he shall think fit  to<br \/>\n\t      prescribe,  by any municipal officer whom\t the<br \/>\n\t      Commissioner generally or specially either  by<br \/>\n\t      name  or\tby  virtue of  office,\tempowers  in<br \/>\n\t      writing  in  this behalf; and in each  of\t the<br \/>\n\t      said  sections, sub-sections and\tclauses\t the<br \/>\n\t      word  &#8220;Commissioner&#8221; shall, to the  extent  to<br \/>\n\t      which  any municipal officer is so  empowered,<br \/>\n\t      be deemed to include such officer.<br \/>\n\t      (2)   The\t sections, sub-sections and  clauses<br \/>\n\t      of this Act referred to in sub-section (1) are<br \/>\n\t      the following namely<br \/>\n\t       Section\t      105B.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<pre>\t\t \"\t      105C.\n\t\t \"\t      105D.\n\t\t \"\t      105E.\n<\/pre>\n<blockquote><p>\t      A\t reference to ss. 105B, 105C, 105D and\t105E<br \/>\n\t      was  inserted  by the Maharashtra Act  XIV  of<br \/>\n\t      1961.  These sections are in Chapter 6A  which<br \/>\n\t      was  also newly added by the same Act.  It  is<br \/>\n\t      not  necessary  to refer\tto  these  sections,<br \/>\n\t      except  a\t portion from s. 105B  which  brings<br \/>\n\t      into  prominence\tthe  action  taken  by\t the<br \/>\n\t      Corporation against the respondents :<br \/>\n\t      &#8220;105B.  Power to evict person from corporation<br \/>\n\t      premises.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t      (1)   Where the Commissioner is satisfied-\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t      (a)   that the person authorised to occupy any<br \/>\n\t      corporation  premises has, whether  before  or<br \/>\n\t      after the commencement of the Bombay Municipal<br \/>\n\t      Corporation (Amendment) Act, 1960,\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t      (i)<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">\t      932<\/span>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>\t      (ii)  sub-let, contrary to the terms or condi-<br \/>\n\t      tions of his occupation, the whole or any part<br \/>\n\t      of such premises; or<br \/>\n\t      the Commissioner may notwithstanding  anything<br \/>\n\t      contained\t in  any law for the time  being  in<br \/>\n\t      force,   by  notice\t\torder\tthat<br \/>\n\t      person, as well as any other person who may be<br \/>\n\t      in occupation of the whole or any part of\t the<br \/>\n\t      premises,\t shall vacate them within one  month<br \/>\n\t      of the date of the service of the notice.&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>It  will  be noticed that s. 68 was originally\tintended  to<br \/>\ncover  very different matters because Chapter 6A  could\t not<br \/>\nhave been in contemplation.  When Chapter 6A was added and a<br \/>\nreference  to  ss. 105B to 105E was included in s.  68,\t the<br \/>\nwording\t of  that section became applicable  to\t the  powers<br \/>\nexercisable  under  ss.\t 105B  to  105E,  even\tthough\tthat<br \/>\nwording,  taken\t literally,  is\t somewhat  inapt  to   cover<br \/>\ndelegation of judicial power.\n<\/p>\n<p>No  question has been raised that any of the  amendments  is<br \/>\nultra  vires  so  the  words of s.  68\tmust  be  reasonably<br \/>\nconstrued.   It\t goes  without saying  that  judicial  power<br \/>\ncannot\tordinarily be delegated unless the law expressly  or<br \/>\nby  clear implication permits it.  In the present  case\t the<br \/>\namendment  of  s.  68  by inclusion  of\t delegation  of\t the<br \/>\nfunctions  of the Commissioner under ss. 105B to  105E\tdoes<br \/>\nindicate  the intention that the judicial or  quasi-judicial<br \/>\npowers\tcontained in Chapter VIA were expressly intended  to<br \/>\nbe  delegated.\t To the delegation as such there can  be  no<br \/>\nobjection.   What is objected to is the provision,  both  in<br \/>\nthe section as well as in the order of delegation, that\t the<br \/>\nexercise of the function is to be under &#8220;the  Commissioner&#8217;s<br \/>\ncontrol&#8221;  and  &#8220;subject to his revision&#8221;.  These  words\t are<br \/>\nreally\t appropriate  to  a  delegation\t of   administrative<br \/>\nfunctions  where the control may be deeper than in  judicial<br \/>\nmatters.  In respect of judicial or quasi-judicial functions<br \/>\nthese  words  cannot of course bear the meaning\t which\tthey<br \/>\nbear  in the delegation of administrative  functions.\tWhen<br \/>\nthe  Commissioner stated that his functions  were  delegated<br \/>\nsubject to his control and revision it did not mean that  he<br \/>\nreserved to himself the right to intervene to impose his own<br \/>\ndecision upon his delegate.  What those words meant was that<br \/>\nthe Commissioner could control the exercise administratively<br \/>\nas to the kinds of cases in which the delegate<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\"> 933<\/span><br \/>\ncould  take  action or the period or time during  which\t the<br \/>\npower  might be exercised and so on and so forth.  In  other<br \/>\nwords, the administrative side of the delegate&#8217;s duties were<br \/>\nto  be\tthe  subject of control and  revision  but  not\t the<br \/>\nessential power to decide whether to take action or not in a<br \/>\nparticular  case.   This is also the intention of s.  68  as<br \/>\ninterpreted in the context of the several delegated  powers.<br \/>\nThis  is  apparent  from  the fact that\t the  order  of\t the<br \/>\ndelegate  amounts  to an order by the  Commissioner  and  is<br \/>\nappealable  as\tsuch.  If it were not so the appeal  to\t the<br \/>\nBombay\tCity Civil Court would be incompetent and the  order<br \/>\ncould  not be assailed.\t The order of the delegate  was\t the<br \/>\norder of the Commissioner and the control envisaged both  in<br \/>\ns.  68 and the order of delegation was not control over\t the<br \/>\ndecision  as  such but over the\t administrative\t aspects  of<br \/>\ncases and their disposal.  No allegation has been made\tthat<br \/>\nthe  Commissioner intervened in the decision of the case  or<br \/>\nimproperly influenced it.  In these circumstances the  order<br \/>\nimpugned in the appeal cannot be sustained.<br \/>\nWe  allow the appeal and set aside the order of\t the  Bombay<br \/>\nCity  Civil Court and restore the order of the\tofficer\t who<br \/>\nexercised powers under s. 105B of the Act, but make no order<br \/>\nabout costs.\n<\/p>\n<p>Appeal allowed.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">934<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Bombay Municipal Corporation vs Dhondu Narayan Chowdhary on 8 February, 1965 Equivalent citations: 1965 AIR 1486, 1965 SCR (2) 929 Author: Hidayatullah Bench: Hidayatullah, M. PETITIONER: BOMBAY MUNICIPAL CORPORATION Vs. RESPONDENT: DHONDU NARAYAN CHOWDHARY DATE OF JUDGMENT: 08\/02\/1965 BENCH: HIDAYATULLAH, M. BENCH: HIDAYATULLAH, M. GAJENDRAGADKAR, P.B. (CJ) SHAH, J.C. SIKRI, S.M. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33651","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bombay Municipal Corporation vs Dhondu Narayan Chowdhary on 8 February, 1965 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/bombay-municipal-corporation-vs-dhondu-narayan-chowdhary-on-8-february-1965\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bombay Municipal Corporation vs Dhondu Narayan Chowdhary on 8 February, 1965 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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