{"id":36797,"date":"1996-05-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1996-05-09T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/khachar-bhikhubhai-unadbhaiand-vs-state-of-gujarat-and-another-on-10-may-1996"},"modified":"2016-10-01T02:45:01","modified_gmt":"2016-09-30T21:15:01","slug":"khachar-bhikhubhai-unadbhaiand-vs-state-of-gujarat-and-another-on-10-may-1996","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/khachar-bhikhubhai-unadbhaiand-vs-state-of-gujarat-and-another-on-10-may-1996","title":{"rendered":"Khachar Bhikhubhai Unadbhaiand &#8230; vs State Of Gujarat And Another on 10 May, 1996"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Khachar Bhikhubhai Unadbhaiand &#8230; vs State Of Gujarat And Another on 10 May, 1996<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1996 AIR 2104, \t\t  1996 SCC  (4) 738<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: F Uddin<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Faizan Uddin (J)<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nKHACHAR BHIKHUBHAI UNADBHAIAND TWO OTHERS.\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSTATE OF GUJARAT AND ANOTHER\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\t10\/05\/1996\n\nBENCH:\nFAIZAN UDDIN (J)\nBENCH:\nFAIZAN UDDIN (J)\nKULDIP SINGH (J)\n\nCITATION:\n 1996 AIR 2104\t\t  1996 SCC  (4) 738\n JT 1996 (6)   264\t  1996 SCALE  (4)492\n\n\nACT:\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>\t\t      J U D G M E N T<br \/>\nFaizan Uddin, J.\n<\/p>\n<p>     This appeal  has been directed against the judgment and<br \/>\norder dated  June 30,  1995 passed by a learned single Judge<br \/>\nof the\tHigh Court  of Gujarat\tat Ahmedabad,  in a  Special<br \/>\nCivil Application  No. 4891 of 1995. filed by the appellants<br \/>\nagainst the  judgment dated March 31, 1995 passed by Gujarat<br \/>\nRevenue Tribunal  in Revision Application No. TEN.B.A.184 of<br \/>\n1994, in  a case  arising out  of Gujarat Agricultural Lands<br \/>\nCeiling Act. 1960 (hereinafter referred to as the Act&#8217;).\n<\/p>\n<p>     Unadbhai Apabhai  Khachar was  recorded holder  of land<br \/>\nmeasuring 72  acres 4  gunthas situated\t in village Ratanoar<br \/>\nand Motachheda\tin Bocad Taluka. On coming into force w.e.f.<br \/>\n1.4.1976, of  the  amended  Celling  Act  II  of  1974,\t the<br \/>\nMamlatdar gave a notice to land-holder Unadbhail Apabhai for<br \/>\ntaking action  for failure  to submit information in respect<br \/>\nof his\tholdings in  prescribed\t form.\tSince  Unadbhai\t had<br \/>\nalready died  on April\t27. 1970. his heirs &#8211; two sons and a<br \/>\ndaughter &#8211; the present appellants &#8211; submitted information in<br \/>\nthe prescribed form. The mamlatdar made an inquiry under the<br \/>\nprovisions of  the Act\tand vide order dated January 5, 1982<br \/>\ndeclared an  area of  26 acres 16 gunthas as surplus land as<br \/>\nthe appellants\twere jointly  found entitled  to retain only<br \/>\none unit  of 45 acres of land out of the holdings comprising<br \/>\nof an area of 72 acres 4 gunthas.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The appellants  challenged the  said order of Mamlatdar<br \/>\nin appeal  before the  Deputy Collector which was dismissed.<br \/>\nBut the Revenue Tribunal by its order dated November 5, 1988<br \/>\npassed in  the Revision preferred by the appellants remanded<br \/>\nthe case  back to the Deputy Collector. The Deputy Collector<br \/>\nby his\tfresh order  set  aside\t order\tof  Mamlatdar  dated<br \/>\nJanuary 5.  1982 and  allowed the  appeal party and remanded<br \/>\nthe case  back to  Mamlatdar to\t decide afresh after hearing<br \/>\nthe parties.  The Mamlatdar  made an  inquiry as directed in<br \/>\nthe Remand Order and by his fresh order dated March 31, 1989<br \/>\ndeclared an ares of 26 acres 16 gunthas as surplus land. The<br \/>\nMamlatdar took\tthe view  that since  on 1.4.76\t the date on<br \/>\nwhich the  amended  Act\t came  into  force,  all  the  three<br \/>\nappellants being  the heirs  of the  deceased Unadbhai\twere<br \/>\nminors and,  therefore, they  were not\tentitled benefit  of<br \/>\nsub-sections (3B)  or (3C)  of\tSection\t 6  of\tthe  Act  as<br \/>\nintroduced by  amending Act of 1974 with some other relevant<br \/>\nprovisions by  Amending Act  No. II of 1974. The main Act of<br \/>\n1961 was  brought into\tforce with  effect from\t 15th  June,<br \/>\n1961. The  appellants again  preferred an appeal against the<br \/>\nsaid order  before the\tDeputy Collector which was dismissed<br \/>\nby an  order dated March 26, 1990. The appellants went up in<br \/>\nrevision before\t the Revenue  Tribunal. The Revenue Tribunal<br \/>\nset aside  the orders passed by the Mamlatdar as well as the<br \/>\nDeputy Collector  in appeal  and remanded  the case  back to<br \/>\nMamlatdar for  deciding the case afresh according to law, as<br \/>\nper observations made therein.\n<\/p>\n<p>     In the  third round,  the Mamlatdar  by his order dated<br \/>\nMarch 30,  1993 held that there was no surplus land with the<br \/>\nappellants as  both the sons of the deceased-holder Unadbhai<br \/>\nwere entitled to one unit each. Aggrieved by the said order,<br \/>\nthe State  Government went up in appeal before the Assistant<br \/>\nCollector, Palitana,  who allowed  the appeal, setting aside<br \/>\nthe order of the mamlatdar dated March 30. 1993 and restored<br \/>\nthe original  order of\tthe mamlatdar  dated January 5, 1982<br \/>\npassed in  Ceiling Case No. 132. This order of the Assistant<br \/>\nCollector was  challenged in  Revision\tbefore\tthe  Revenue<br \/>\nTribunal. The Tribunal dismissed the Revision relying on the<br \/>\ndecision in the case of State of Gujarat v. Patel Kala Sana,<br \/>\n1994 (1)  Gujarat Law Reporter 448. wherein it has been held<br \/>\nthat in\t a family  comprising  of  only\t brothers,  a  major<br \/>\nbrother cannot\tbe treated as a major son for the purpose of<br \/>\nsub-section (3C)  of Section 6 of the Act, as the word &#8220;son&#8221;<br \/>\nhas to\tbe understood  in the  context of living parents and<br \/>\nsuch s\tliving parent  could either  be such a son mother or<br \/>\nfather. According to the said decision of the High Court, if<br \/>\neither parent  is living.  a major  son will  get a separate<br \/>\nceiling\t unit\tof  land   otherwise  not.   The  appellants<br \/>\nchallenged the\tdecision of the Revenue Tribunal in the High<br \/>\nCourt of  Gujarat in  Special Civil  Application No. 4891 of<br \/>\n1995. The  High Court, relying on its decision in Patel Kala<br \/>\nSana&#8217;s case  (supra), dismissed\t the  application  by  order<br \/>\ndated June  30, 1995  as well  as the  review by order dated<br \/>\nSeptember 5,  1995 against  which this\tappeal by  a special<br \/>\nLeave has been directed.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The Learned  counsel for  the appellants submitted that<br \/>\nthe father  of the  appellants had  died on  April 27, 1970,<br \/>\nmuch before  coming into force of the amended Ceiling Act on<br \/>\nApril 1, 1976 and, therefore, the appellants being the heirs<br \/>\nof Unadbhai  will be  deemed to\t have become  owners of\t the<br \/>\nrespective shares  in the land in question prior to the date<br \/>\nof coming  into force  of the  said Act\t and that  being so,<br \/>\nthere will  be no  land\t exceeding  the\t ceiling  limit.  He<br \/>\nfurther submitted  that even  otherwise having regard to the<br \/>\nprovisions contained in sub-section (3C) of Section 6 of the<br \/>\nAct, the  two major  sons of  the deceased Unadbhai would be<br \/>\nentitled to  get one  unit each\t of 54 acres and, therefore,<br \/>\nthere will  be no land with them exceeding the ceiling limit<br \/>\nout of\ta area\tof 72  acres 4 gunthas. He submitted that it<br \/>\nwould be  wrong to  interprate sub-section (3C) of Section 6<br \/>\nof the\tAct in\ta way  so as  to exclude  the sons  from the<br \/>\nentitlement of\ta separate  unit simply\t because neither  of<br \/>\ntheir parents  was alive on the date of coming into force of<br \/>\nthe amended  Ceiling Act.  Thus, the  main  contention\tthat<br \/>\ncentres round  is with\tregard to the interpretation of sub-<br \/>\nsection (3C)  of Section  6 of the Act, which was introduced<br \/>\nby Amending  Act II  of 1974, which came into force on April<br \/>\n1, 1976.\n<\/p>\n<p>Here it\t would be  relevant to\tsee  some  of  the  relevant<br \/>\ndefinitions of various expression. The expression &#8220;appointed<br \/>\nday&#8221; has  been defined\tin Section  2(4) to  mean the day on<br \/>\nwhich this  Act comes  into force,  i.e. 15.6.1961. The term<br \/>\n&#8220;joint family&#8221;\thas been  defined in  Section 2(16)  to mean<br \/>\nUndivided Hindu\t family and  in the  case of other persons a<br \/>\ngroup or  unit the  members of\twhich by custom or usage are<br \/>\njoint in  estate or  residence. The  expression &#8220;person&#8221;  in<br \/>\nSection 2(21)  includes\t a  joint  family.  Further  Section<br \/>\n2(27A) defines\tthe expression\t&#8220;specified date&#8221; to mean the<br \/>\ndate of\t coming\t into  force  of  the  Amending\t Act,  which<br \/>\nadmittedly came into force w.e.f. April 1, 1976.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The  Gujarat   Agricultural  Lands\t Ceiling  Act,\t1960<br \/>\n(Gujarat Act  No. XXVII\t of 1961)  was brought into force in<br \/>\nthe Stare of Gujarat on June 15, 1961 with a view to fix the<br \/>\nceiling on  holding agricultural land and to provide for the<br \/>\nacquisition and\t surplus agricultural land. As said earlier,<br \/>\nthe  main   question  involved\t in  this   appeal  is\t the<br \/>\ninterpretation of  sub-section (3C) of Section 6 of the Act.<br \/>\nSub-section (3C) of Section 6 of the Act reads as follows :-\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>     &#8220;6(3C): Where  a family  or a joint<br \/>\n     family irrespective  of the  number<br \/>\n     of members\t includes a  major  son,<br \/>\n     then each major son shall be deemed<br \/>\n     to be  a separate\tperson\tfor  the<br \/>\n     purposes of sub-section (1).&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     In the  case of  Patel Kala  Sana (supra), the question<br \/>\nbefore the  High Court\twas whether  or not  the legislature<br \/>\ncontemplated any Kind of family or a Joint family other than<br \/>\nthe family  or the  joint family of the father and his major<br \/>\nsons for  the purposes\tof sub-section\t(3C) of Section 6 of<br \/>\nthe Act.  After analyzing the various relevant provisions of<br \/>\nthe Act,  the high  Courts came\t to the\t conclusion that the<br \/>\nword &#8220;son&#8221; occurring in sub-section (3C) of Section 6 of the<br \/>\nAct is\tquite plain  and unamabiguous  in its  meaning in as<br \/>\nmuch as\t a son in a family or for that matter a joint family<br \/>\nwould connote  a son  in the context of a living parent. The<br \/>\nHigh Court  also took  the view\t that a\t family or  a  joint<br \/>\nfamily consisting  of mother and her major son or sons would<br \/>\nalso get the benefit of sub-section (3C) of Section 6 of the<br \/>\nAct, as\t the word  &#8220;son&#8221; has to be understood in the context<br \/>\nof a  living parent and such a living parent could either be<br \/>\nson&#8217;s mother  or father. If either parent is living, a major<br \/>\nson in\tthe family  will be  regarded as  a son\t and nothing<br \/>\nelse. it  has been  further held  by the high Court that the<br \/>\nfamily unit.  though the  mother may  not be the head of the<br \/>\nfamily for  all purposes,  will be  headed by the mother and<br \/>\nnone else.  In\tthat  context,\tthe  son  will\thave  to  be<br \/>\nrecognized as  a son  of that  mother who  is found  living.<br \/>\nAccording to  the High\tCourt, the  existence  of  the\tmale<br \/>\nbenefit of  Section 6(3C)  of the  Act to a major son in the<br \/>\nfamily would  also be  entitled to the benefits flowing from<br \/>\nSection 6(3C)  of the  Act. This  view of  the High Court of<br \/>\nGujarat taken in the case of Patel Kala Sana (supra) came up<br \/>\nfor consideration  of this  Court in  a bunch  of  petitions<br \/>\nwhich were disposed of by this Court by order dated November<br \/>\n30, 1995  passed in  Civil Appeal  No. 7227 of 1995, wherein<br \/>\nthe interpretation  of sub-section  (3C) of Section 6 of the<br \/>\nAct as\texpressed by  the High\tCourt has  been accepted and<br \/>\nupheld by this court.\n<\/p>\n<p>     In the  present case  before us, neither of the parents<br \/>\n(father and  mother) of\t the present appellants was alive on<br \/>\nthe specified  date i.e. 1.4.1976. This fact has been stated<br \/>\nby the Revenue Tribunal in its judgment dated March 31, 1995<br \/>\nand the said fact was not disputed before us. That being so,<br \/>\nthe  appellants\t being\ttow  sons  and\ta  daughter  of\t the<br \/>\ndeceased-holder of  the land  would not\t be  entitled  to  a<br \/>\nseparate unit and having regard to the provisions of Section<br \/>\n6 (3C) of the Act, we find no error in the impugned judgment<br \/>\nof the High Court.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Consequently, the appeal fails and is hereby dismissed.<br \/>\nWe make no order as to costs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Khachar Bhikhubhai Unadbhaiand &#8230; vs State Of Gujarat And Another on 10 May, 1996 Equivalent citations: 1996 AIR 2104, 1996 SCC (4) 738 Author: F Uddin Bench: Faizan Uddin (J) PETITIONER: KHACHAR BHIKHUBHAI UNADBHAIAND TWO OTHERS. Vs. RESPONDENT: STATE OF GUJARAT AND ANOTHER DATE OF JUDGMENT: 10\/05\/1996 BENCH: FAIZAN UDDIN (J) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Khachar Bhikhubhai Unadbhaiand ... vs State Of Gujarat And Another on 10 May, 1996 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/khachar-bhikhubhai-unadbhaiand-vs-state-of-gujarat-and-another-on-10-may-1996\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Khachar Bhikhubhai Unadbhaiand ... vs State Of Gujarat And Another on 10 May, 1996 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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