{"id":38971,"date":"2009-07-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-07-07T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/aravindakshan-vs-state-of-kerala-by-si-of-police-on-8-july-2009"},"modified":"2015-08-07T00:20:39","modified_gmt":"2015-08-06T18:50:39","slug":"aravindakshan-vs-state-of-kerala-by-si-of-police-on-8-july-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/aravindakshan-vs-state-of-kerala-by-si-of-police-on-8-july-2009","title":{"rendered":"Aravindakshan vs State Of Kerala By Si Of Police on 8 July, 2009"},"content":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court<\/div>\n
Aravindakshan vs State Of Kerala By Si Of Police on 8 July, 2009<\/div>\n
       \n\n  \n\n  \n\n \n \n  IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM\n\nCrl.Rev.Pet.No. 1983 of 2009()\n\n\n1. ARAVINDAKSHAN, S\/O.AYYAPPAN, AGED 42\n                      ...  Petitioner\n\n                        Vs\n\n\n\n1. STATE OF KERALA BY SI OF POLICE,\n                       ...       Respondent\n\n                For Petitioner  :SRI.RAJESH SIVARAMANKUTTY\n\n                For Respondent  :PUBLIC PROSECUTOR\n\nThe Hon'ble MR. Justice THOMAS P.JOSEPH\n\n Dated :08\/07\/2009\n\n O R D E R\n                    THOMAS P JOSEPH, J\n                 ----------------------------------------\n                    Crl.R.P.No.1983 of 2009C\n                 ---------------------------------------\n                 Dated this 08th day of July 2009\n\n                               ORDER\n<\/pre>\n
     For alleged rash and negligent driving so as to endanger<\/p>\n
human life resulting in hurt\/grievous hurt to many of the<\/p>\n
passengers in the vehicles involved, petitioner faced trial in the<\/p>\n
court of learned Judicial First Class Magistrate-III, Palakkad for<\/p>\n
offences punishable under Sec.279, 337 and 338 of the Penal Code<\/p>\n
(for short, “the Code”). According to the prosecution, petitioner<\/p>\n
was driving the offending bus from Cherupulassery to Palakkad on<\/p>\n
13-07-04 and at 2.30 p.m when that bus reached the place of<\/p>\n
occurrence, on account of its rash and negligent driving it hit the<\/p>\n
jeep which came from the opposite side. The bus capsized into the<\/p>\n
adjoining paddy field. Passengers in both the vehicles suffered<\/p>\n
hurt\/grievous hurt. Learned magistrate found petitioner guilty of<\/p>\n
offences punishable under Sec.279,337 of the Code.          He was<\/p>\n
sentenced to undergo simple imprisonment for three months each.<\/p>\n
He was acquitted of the charge under Sec.338 of the Code.<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.No.1983 of 2009           2<\/span><\/p>\n
Learned Additional Sessions Judge who heard the appeal<\/p>\n
confirmed conviction for offences under Sec.279 and 337 of the<\/p>\n
Code, but modified the sentence as imprisonment for two months<\/p>\n
each.    Aggrieved, petitioner has come up in revision.        It is<\/p>\n
contended by learned counsel that there is no evidence to show that<\/p>\n
accident was due to the rashness or negligence of petitioner. It is<\/p>\n
also contended by learned counsel that all the relevant documents<\/p>\n
were proved through the investigating officer and not through the<\/p>\n
witnesses concerned.\n<\/p>\n
      2.     Though prosecution examined PWs.1 to 15 to prove the<\/p>\n
accident, many of them did not support it fully. They only stated<\/p>\n
that while they were travelling in the vehicles involved the vehicles<\/p>\n
collided causing hurt to them. They could not, or did not, identify<\/p>\n
petitioner as driver of the offending bus.       They did not also<\/p>\n
attribute rashness or negligence on the driver of the bus. PW5,<\/p>\n
driver of the jeep, himself an injured supported the prosecution.<\/p>\n
He stated that petitioner was driving the offending bus at excessive<\/p>\n
speed, that bus came from the opposite side, overtook a lorry going<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.No.1983 of 2009               3<\/span><\/p>\n
ahead and hit the jeep he was driving. According to PW3, rashness<\/p>\n
and negligence of petitioner caused the accident.              PW.12,<\/p>\n
conductor of the bus stated that petitioner was driving the bus at<\/p>\n
the time of accident. There is sufficient evidence to show that at<\/p>\n
the time of accident petitioner was driving the offending bus.<\/p>\n
      3.     Crucial question for decision is whether prosecution has<\/p>\n
established that accident was due to the rashness or negligence of<\/p>\n
petitioner. ‘Rashness’ involves recklessness. It means a hasty,<\/p>\n
impetous      act    without    due    consideration   or regard  for<\/p>\n
consequences.         Straight, J, said in Empress of India V Idu Beg<\/p>\n
(ICR (1881) 3 Allahabad 776 that,<\/p>\n
              “.. I may remark that criminal rashness is<\/p>\n
              hazarding a dangerous or wanton act with<\/p>\n
              the knowledge that it is so, and that it may<\/p>\n
              cause injury, but without intention to cause<\/p>\n
              injury, or knowledge that it will probably be<\/p>\n
              caused. The criminality has in running the<\/p>\n
              risk of doing such an act with recklessness or<\/p>\n
              indifference as to the consequences. Criminal<\/p>\n
              negligence is the gross and culpable neglect or<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.No.1983 of 2009             4<\/span><\/p>\n
              failure to exercise that reasonable and proper<\/p>\n
              care and precaution to guard against injury either<\/p>\n
              to the public generally or to an individual in<\/p>\n
              particular, which, having regard to all the<\/p>\n
              circumstances out of which the charge has<\/p>\n
              arisen, it was the imperative duty of the<\/p>\n
              accused person to have adopted…”\n<\/p>\n
Negligence in that conduct which a reasonable man placed in<\/p>\n
similar circumstances would avoid on the ground that it involved<\/p>\n
injury to the life and property of himself or others. It is a breach of<\/p>\n
duty imposed by law. ‘Negligence’ in its legal acceptance includes<\/p>\n
omissions as well as commissions. A reference to Secs. 279, 337,<\/p>\n
338 and 304A of the Code would show that legislature was fully<\/p>\n
aware of the distinction between “rashness” and “negligence” that<\/p>\n
if referred to those words disjunctively making rash or negligent<\/p>\n
act punishable. In cases involving motor accidents prosecution has<\/p>\n
to prove rashness or negligence on the part of the driver of the<\/p>\n
offending vehicle. It is not necessary that witnesses should say<\/p>\n
that accident was caused due to rashness or negligence. It is not<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.No.1983 of 2009           5<\/span><\/p>\n
for witnesses to decide what was the cause of the accident. That is<\/p>\n
the responsibility of the court concerned to decide on the materials<\/p>\n
supplied by the prosecution. What the witnesses are expected to<\/p>\n
state is facts from which the court could come to the conclusion<\/p>\n
that there was rashness or negligence on the part of the driver of<\/p>\n
the offending vehicle.     In this case except PW.5, none of the<\/p>\n
prosecution witnesses referred to any fact or material from which<\/p>\n
the court could come to the conclusion that there was rashness or<\/p>\n
negligence on petitioner.\n<\/p>\n
      4.     So far as evidence of PW.5 is concerned, it is true that<\/p>\n
he stated that the bus driven by petitioner came from the opposite<\/p>\n
side at excessive speed overtaking a lorry and hit the jeep. Ext.P2,<\/p>\n
mahazar for scene of occurrence does not show that there was any<\/p>\n
tyre mark at the place of the accident. It is seen from that mahazar<\/p>\n
that both vehicles suffered serious damage on its front side<\/p>\n
indicating that there was a forceful hit . But in deciding whether<\/p>\n
there was rashness or negligence the place of accident plays an<\/p>\n
important role. In Ext.P2, the mahazar lie of the road at the place<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.No.1983 of 2009            6<\/span><\/p>\n
of accident is given as east-west. The tar portion has width of<\/p>\n
8metres. Accident spot is shown as 5.50metres south of northern<\/p>\n
tar end. Ext.P2 indicates that accident has occurred within the<\/p>\n
southern half of the tar portion. Unfortunately there is no evidence<\/p>\n
in this case, oral or documentary to show the direction in which the<\/p>\n
vehicles came. The final report does not say about the direction in<\/p>\n
which the vehicles came.      None of PWs.1 to 15 stated about the<\/p>\n
direction in which the vehicles came. It is true that in Ext.P2 the<\/p>\n
lie of the vehicles after the accident is stated. Jeep driven by PW.5<\/p>\n
was seen facing towards west while the bus driven by petitioner<\/p>\n
was seen facing towards east. The lie of the vehicles after the<\/p>\n
accident by itself cannot indicate the direction in which the<\/p>\n
vehicles came. Result is that there is no evidence indicating the<\/p>\n
direction in which the vehicles came and as such it is not possible<\/p>\n
to say on whose wrong side the accident has occurred.<\/p>\n
      5.     In cases involving motor accidents the mahazar for<\/p>\n
scene of accident and the sketch if any, prepared basing on such<\/p>\n
mahazar play an important role to fix the place of accident. If the<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.No.1983 of 2009            7<\/span><\/p>\n
accident has occurred on the wrong side of the offending vehicle<\/p>\n
that is prima facie evidence of rashness or negligence. The officer<\/p>\n
investigating the case should specifically state in the mahazar for<\/p>\n
place of accident the lie and direction of the road and specify the<\/p>\n
accident spot. The law officers conducting prosecution should<\/p>\n
bring out from the witnesses to the accident the lie and direction of<\/p>\n
the road at the place of accident and the direction in which the<\/p>\n
vehicle\/vehicles involved in the accident came at the relevant time.<\/p>\n
It will be ideal if the officer who prepared or proves the mahazar<\/p>\n
speaks to the accident spot, and the lie and direction of the road at<\/p>\n
the place of accident. Even if the police officer has not specifically<\/p>\n
stated that, once the mahazar is properly proved without objection<\/p>\n
it is possible for the court to rely on the recitals in that document<\/p>\n
as to what the police officer saw at the spot of accident. The<\/p>\n
officers investigating the case, the Law Officers conducting the<\/p>\n
prosecution and the magistrates conducting the trial of the cases<\/p>\n
should alert themselves about this all important matter. Lack of<\/p>\n
alertness in the matter can lead to unmerrited acquittals in accident<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.No.1983 of 2009             8<\/span><\/p>\n
cases which would only help spiraling of motor accidents. In this<\/p>\n
case it is not possible to say which of the vehicles has gone over to<\/p>\n
its wrong side because the witnesses have not spoken the direction<\/p>\n
in which the vehicles came. If the jeep driven by PW.5 has gone to<\/p>\n
its wrong side and hit the bus, it is not possible to say that rashness<\/p>\n
and negligence was on the part of the petitioner.<\/p>\n
      6.     It is distressing to see that all the relevant documents<\/p>\n
including wound certificates and the reports of the Motor Vehicle<\/p>\n
Inspector concerning vehicles involved are marked through the<\/p>\n
Investigating Officer. He was not competent to prove those<\/p>\n
documents. Either, those documents if not disputed by the defence<\/p>\n
should have been marked as provided under Sec.294 of the Code<\/p>\n
of criminal procedure or by examining the witnesses concerned.<\/p>\n
Prosecution has the bounden responsibility to prove that accident<\/p>\n
was not referable to mechanical defect the vehicles\/vehicles<\/p>\n
involved. Defence must also get the opportunity to cross examine<\/p>\n
the witness who prepared the relevant documents and introduced<\/p>\n
into evidence for the prosecution. Mere markings of the document<\/p>\n
Crl.R.P.No.1983 of 2009            9<\/span><\/p>\n
would not amount to proof of its contents. On going through the<\/p>\n
records and hearing learned counsel for petitioner and the learned<\/p>\n
public prosecutor I am of the view that the courts below were not<\/p>\n
correct in holding petitioner guilty of rash and negligent driving in<\/p>\n
the absence of appropriate evidence in that regard.<\/p>\n
      This revision succeeds. Conviction and sentence of petitioner<\/p>\n
are set aside. He is acquitted of the charges found against him.<\/p>\n
                                      THOMAS P JOSEPH, JUDGE
\nSbna\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court Aravindakshan vs State Of Kerala By Si Of Police on 8 July, 2009 IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM Crl.Rev.Pet.No. 1983 of 2009() 1. ARAVINDAKSHAN, S\/O.AYYAPPAN, AGED 42 … Petitioner Vs 1. STATE OF KERALA BY SI OF POLICE, … Respondent For Petitioner :SRI.RAJESH SIVARAMANKUTTY For Respondent :PUBLIC PROSECUTOR The […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38971","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-kerala-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nAravindakshan vs State Of Kerala By Si Of Police on 8 July, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/aravindakshan-vs-state-of-kerala-by-si-of-police-on-8-july-2009\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Aravindakshan vs State Of Kerala By Si Of Police on 8 July, 2009 - 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