{"id":43285,"date":"2009-05-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-05-25T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/deomuni-sharma-vs-state-of-jharkhand-on-26-may-2009"},"modified":"2019-02-05T21:57:39","modified_gmt":"2019-02-05T16:27:39","slug":"deomuni-sharma-vs-state-of-jharkhand-on-26-may-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/deomuni-sharma-vs-state-of-jharkhand-on-26-may-2009","title":{"rendered":"Deomuni Sharma vs State Of Jharkhand on 26 May, 2009"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Deomuni Sharma vs State Of Jharkhand on 26 May, 2009<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: V Sirpurkar<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: V.S. Sirpurkar, R.M. Lodha<\/div>\n<pre>                                               1\n\n\n                                                         \"REPORTABLE\"\n\n                 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA\n\n               CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION\n\n                CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 718 OF 2003\n\n\nDeomuni Sharma                                           .... Appellant\n\n                                  Versus\n\nState of Jharkhand                                       .... Respondent\n\n\n                             JUDGMENT\n<\/pre>\n<p>V.S. SIRPURKAR, J.\n<\/p>\n<p>1.    The appellant herein challenges his conviction for offence under<\/p>\n<p>Section 307 read with Sections 149, 147 and 148 of the Indian Penal Code<\/p>\n<p>as also under Section 27 of the Arms Act as affirmed by the High Court.<\/p>\n<p>Initially, the appellant along with four others, was charged for the offences<\/p>\n<p>under Sections 147 and 148 as also under Section 302 read with Section<\/p>\n<p>149, IPC.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>2.    By a confused judgment, the original accused No. 2-Ram Pravesh<\/p>\n<p>Sharma, accused No. 3-Bijay Sharma, and accused No. 4-Ajay Sharma<\/p>\n<p>were convicted for offences under Section 302 read with Sections 149, 147<\/p>\n<p>and 148 IPC and Section 27 of the Arms Act by Trial Court. Deomuni<\/p>\n<p>Sharma, who was accused No. 1, along with one Bimal Kumar-accused<\/p>\n<p>No.5, was found guilty of offence under Section 307 read with Sections<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                   2<\/span><\/p>\n<p>149, 147 and 148 as also under Section 27 of the Arms Act and was<\/p>\n<p>sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for 10 years for the offence<\/p>\n<p>under Section 307 and 7 years for the offence under Section 27, Arms Act.<\/p>\n<p>3.    In appeal before the High Court, original accused No.2-Ram<\/p>\n<p>Pravesh Sharma was acquitted on the basis of his plea of alibi. Accused<\/p>\n<p>No. 3-Bijay Sharma and accused No. 4-Ajay Sharma were convicted under<\/p>\n<p>Section 304 Part I, IPC. They were, however, acquitted under Section<\/p>\n<p>302, IPC.    They were sentenced to undergo seven years&#8217; rigorous<\/p>\n<p>imprisonment. The sentence of Bimal Kumar for offence under Section<\/p>\n<p>307 was also reduced to seven years. The sentence under Section 27,<\/p>\n<p>Arms Act was reduced to three years. No separate order seems to have<\/p>\n<p>been passed in respect of the present appellant Deomuni Sharma,<\/p>\n<p>accused No.1.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>4.    In short, though accused No. 1 Deomuni Sharma was not convicted<\/p>\n<p>for offence under Section 302 read with Section 149 and was only<\/p>\n<p>convicted for offence under Section 307 along with accused No.5 Bimal<\/p>\n<p>Kumar, the High Court treated as if he was actually convicted for the<\/p>\n<p>offence of section 302 and modified his non-existant conviction to Section<\/p>\n<p>304 Part I, IPC and reduced his sentence to seven years. In short, the<\/p>\n<p>High Court did not even bother to realize that Deomuni Sharma was only<\/p>\n<p>convicted for offence in respect of Section 307 read with Section 149, IPC<\/p>\n<p>and not under Section 302, IPC.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                     3<\/span><\/p>\n<p>5.    Again, the Sessions Judge though held in para 37 of its judgment<\/p>\n<p>that the prosecution had proved its case beyond shadow of reasonable<\/p>\n<p>doubts, chose to convict only Ajay Sharma, Bijay Sharma and Ram<\/p>\n<p>Pravesh Sharma and did not convict Deomuni Sharma, the present<\/p>\n<p>appellant, of the offence under Section 302 with which he was charged but<\/p>\n<p>convicted him of the offence under Section 307\/149, 147 and 148, IPC.<\/p>\n<p>The Trial Court had not expressed anything about the acquittal of this<\/p>\n<p>appellant Deomuni Sharma of the offence under Section 302\/149, IPC. In<\/p>\n<p>result, the present situation is that the present appellant who was not<\/p>\n<p>convicted for offence under Section 302 read with Section 149, IPC and<\/p>\n<p>was convicted only for the offence under Section 307 read with Section<\/p>\n<p>149, IPC along with Sections 147 and 148, IPC faced ten years&#8217; sentence<\/p>\n<p>for offence under Section 307, IPC and seven years&#8217; imprisonment for the<\/p>\n<p>offence under Section 27 of the Arms Act which sentence was never<\/p>\n<p>bothered to be considered by the High Court under the wrong impression<\/p>\n<p>that he was convicted for offence under Section 302 and had exceeded the<\/p>\n<p>right of private defence. We are constrained to observe that the whole<\/p>\n<p>attitude has been extremely casual both on the part of the Sessions Judge<\/p>\n<p>as well as the High Court, resulting in such colossal confusion.<\/p>\n<p>6.    Ordinarily, we would have remanded the matter back but<\/p>\n<p>considering that the appellant is 75 years old, it will be futile to send back<\/p>\n<p>the matter all over again and, therefore, we are proceeding to decide this<\/p>\n<p>appeal which now presumably is only against the conviction for offence<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                    4<\/span><\/p>\n<p>under Section 307 read with Sections 149, 147 and 148 IPC and Section<\/p>\n<p>27 of the Arms Act.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>7.    Learned counsel appearing for the appellant has addressed us on<\/p>\n<p>the basis of these confused findings.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>8.    The prosecution case was that this appellant and the other accused<\/p>\n<p>resided at village Mauza Hirapur in there own common house. Plot No. 97,<\/p>\n<p>Khata no. 17 is appurtenant to this house. There was litigation going on<\/p>\n<p>between the complainants and the accused persons in respect of the<\/p>\n<p>possession and ownership of this plot No. 97. On 12.11.1994 at about 7<\/p>\n<p>a.m. in the morning the accused persons started brick construction on the<\/p>\n<p>disputed land and thereby started changing the nature of that land. On<\/p>\n<p>getting this information, one Harihar Singh and his uncle Janardan Singh<\/p>\n<p>@ Chhedi Singh went there and obstructed the accused on the ground that<\/p>\n<p>they were violating an injunction order of the Court. The accused persons<\/p>\n<p>allegedly started abusing them.    The present appellant Deomuni Singh<\/p>\n<p>threatened to kill them. Some others like Sushil Kumar Singh, his cousin<\/p>\n<p>brother Manoj Singh, his grandfather Ram Govind Singh, Shankar Singh,<\/p>\n<p>Nandji Yadav, Mahanth Yadav also came to the spot and tried to pacify the<\/p>\n<p>matter but the accused did not stop, instead they all went inside their<\/p>\n<p>house and came back armed with fire arms.       While the accused Ajay<\/p>\n<p>Sharma and Bijay Sharma and the present appellant Deomuni Sharma<\/p>\n<p>were armed with rifles, Bimal Kumar and Ram Pravesh Sharma were<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                      5<\/span><\/p>\n<p>armed with pistols. The appellant fired in the air. However, Ajay Sharma<\/p>\n<p>and Bijay Sharma fired at Harihar Sharma and Sushil Sharma. They both<\/p>\n<p>died on the spot.    It was alleged that Ram Pravesh Sharma fired at<\/p>\n<p>Janardan Singh @ Chhedi Singh and Bimal Kumar had fired at Manoj<\/p>\n<p>Singh. The said Janardan Singh later on died in the hospital while Manoj<\/p>\n<p>Singh was injured. It was on this basis that all the accused persons came<\/p>\n<p>to be proceeded against before the Sessions Judge. Admittedly only two<\/p>\n<p>accused persons were arrested on the spot while others including the<\/p>\n<p>present appellant were arrested later on.    Fire arms were seized from<\/p>\n<p>them. The accused persons claimed the right of private defence saying<\/p>\n<p>that the aforementioned plot No. 97 was owned by them and was in their<\/p>\n<p>possession and that the accused persons had tried to disturb the situation.<\/p>\n<p>They pointed out that there was no injunction order against them of any<\/p>\n<p>nature. They also urged that the complainant party which was more in<\/p>\n<p>number had tried to molest the lady folk of their house and also tried to<\/p>\n<p>remove their ornaments. They also pointed out that as many as three<\/p>\n<p>accused persons were injured in the attack and, therefore, they had to use<\/p>\n<p>the fire arms to defend themselves.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>9.    The Trial Court did not accept this plea. The Trial Court held that<\/p>\n<p>there was no right of private defence in favour of the accused persons and<\/p>\n<p>that the accused persons had committed the offence of murder. However,<\/p>\n<p>as has been stated earlier, it convicted only three accused persons for the<\/p>\n<p>offence of murder and the remaining two including the present appellant<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                   6<\/span><\/p>\n<p>were convicted for the offence under Section 307\/149, 147, 148, IPC and<\/p>\n<p>Section 27 of the Arms Act on the ground that they had, in furtherance of<\/p>\n<p>their common object, injured Manoj Singh.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>10.   In the appeal, however, the High Court came to the conclusion that it<\/p>\n<p>could not be said that the accused party had no right to private defence at<\/p>\n<p>all. The High Court categorically gave the finding that the aforementioned<\/p>\n<p>plot No. 97 was very much in the possession of the accused party and<\/p>\n<p>further due to the injuries suffered by the accused they had the right of<\/p>\n<p>private defence. It was also found that the prosecution had not brought<\/p>\n<p>any evidence of an injunction against the accused. However, according to<\/p>\n<p>the High Court, the accused persons had exceeded the right of private<\/p>\n<p>defence. Therefore, their conviction was liable to be altered to that of<\/p>\n<p>offence under Section 304 Part I, IPC. On that count, they were awarded<\/p>\n<p>punishment of seven years as has already been pointed out. The High<\/p>\n<p>Court got confused about the present appellant and never realized that he<\/p>\n<p>was never convicted for the offence under Section 302 by the Sessions<\/p>\n<p>Judge. However, the High Court proceeded to dismiss the appeal filed by<\/p>\n<p>the present appellant.   Therefore, we are now left to consider as to<\/p>\n<p>whether the High Court was right in dismissing the appeal of the present<\/p>\n<p>appellant against his conviction for offence under Section 307 read with<\/p>\n<p>Sections 149, 147 and 148, IPC and Section 27 of the Arms Act.<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                    7<\/span><\/p>\n<p>11.   At the outset, it must be noted that the allegation against the present<\/p>\n<p>appellant is not for firing at the complainants. It was feebly suggested by<\/p>\n<p>the prosecution witnesses that he had fired in the air and exhorted the<\/p>\n<p>other accused persons to attack the complainant party.<\/p>\n<p>12.   About that role the High Court has given the following finding at the<\/p>\n<p>end of para 7 of its judgment:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>             &#8220;When I look to the postmortem report of Harihar Singh<br \/>\n      and Sushil Singh, I find that bullet injury was found on their<br \/>\n      chest. It means that the intention was to end their lives but as<br \/>\n      the PW himself says that there was also firing in air by<br \/>\n      Deomuni Sharma, which indicates that earlier the<br \/>\n      intention of Deomuni Sharma was to scatter and scare<br \/>\n      away the aggressors, but even after firing the aggressor<br \/>\n      did not scatter then they took aim on their chest.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>      Apparently, this aiming at the chest itself appears to be in<br \/>\n      excess of the right of private defence. Purpose of repelling<br \/>\n      could have been served by aiming least vital parts. Thus I<br \/>\n      have no hesitation in holding that in exercise of their right of<br \/>\n      private defence the alleged occurrence had taken place but<br \/>\n      the appellants exceeded their right of private defence.&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>                                                   (emphasis supplied)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>13.   In fact, on this finding itself the appellant, who was accused No.1<\/p>\n<p>should have been absolved of the guilt. If apparently accused No.1 had<\/p>\n<p>fired only in the air with an idea to scare away the aggressors so that they<\/p>\n<p>should scatter then he has obviously committed no offence.            It was<\/p>\n<p>nobody&#8217;s case that he had fired at the two dead persons. The finding of<\/p>\n<p>both Courts is clear that only accused Nos. 3 and 4 had fired. The High<\/p>\n<p>Court dismissed the appeal of appellant Deomuni Sharma on the wrong<\/p>\n<p>impression that even he was convicted of the offence under Section 302,<\/p>\n<p>IPC substantively or with the aid of Section 149, IPC, one look at the Trial<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                    8<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Court&#8217;s judgment suggests that he was not so convicted. The Trial Court<\/p>\n<p>convicted him only of offence under Section 307 read with Section 149,<\/p>\n<p>IPC. Therefore, the very basis of the High Court judgment against the<\/p>\n<p>appellant is knocked down. The other appellants who were convicted for<\/p>\n<p>the offence under Section 304 Part I, IPC have not filed any appeal nor<\/p>\n<p>has the prosecution come up in appeal against this finding and the<\/p>\n<p>consequent conviction for offence under Section 304 Part I, IPC.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Therefore, this finding has become final. Reading the finding as it is, along<\/p>\n<p>with the finding given in para 9, it is clear that the appellant&#8217;s conviction<\/p>\n<p>which is also not specifically referred to by the High Court is per se<\/p>\n<p>incorrect as the appellant was never convicted for the offence under<\/p>\n<p>Section 302, IPC and even that finding of the Sessions Judge was never<\/p>\n<p>challenged by the prosecution.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>14.   That leaves us with the unanswered question regarding the<\/p>\n<p>conviction under Section 307 read with Sections 149, 147 and 148, IPC as<\/p>\n<p>also his conviction for offence under Section 27 of the Arms Act.<\/p>\n<p>15.   We have very carefully seen the judgments of the Courts below. It is<\/p>\n<p>nowhere stated nor is it the case of any prosecution witness that the<\/p>\n<p>appellant had fired at Manoj Singh. It was only Bimal Kumar who had<\/p>\n<p>fired. Again, even the finding regarding the unlawful assembly cannot be<\/p>\n<p>sustained insofar as the present appellant is concerned. Seeing the mob,<\/p>\n<p>the appellant and the other accused persons entered in the house and<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                     9<\/span><\/p>\n<p>came back with the fire arms and even then the appellant fired in the air<\/p>\n<p>which according to the High Court was only for the purpose of scaring<\/p>\n<p>away the aggressors and to scatter them. Till that moment at least the<\/p>\n<p>appellant cannot be a member of unlawful assembly nor can the assembly<\/p>\n<p>itself be termed as unlawful assembly with a definite common object. If<\/p>\n<p>ultimately the High Court has come to a conclusion that the other accused<\/p>\n<p>persons fired in pursuance of their right of private defence, then this act of<\/p>\n<p>theirs could not be said to be that attributable to an unlawful assembly. In<\/p>\n<p>the wake of the High Court&#8217;s judgment the finding regarding Section 149,<\/p>\n<p>IPC must fail and with it the conviction for offence under Sections 147 and<\/p>\n<p>148, IPC. Once that result is achieved, there is no question of convicting<\/p>\n<p>the appellant for the offence under Section 307, IPC which apparently has<\/p>\n<p>been committed individually by Bimal Kumar alone by firing at Manoj<\/p>\n<p>Singh. It is also apparent that the offence under Section 304 Part I was<\/p>\n<p>committed by accused Nos. 3 and 4, Ajay Sharma and Bijay Sharma<\/p>\n<p>individually and substantially by themselves alone. It was not in pursuance<\/p>\n<p>of any object of the unlawful assembly because there was no unlawful<\/p>\n<p>assembly at all. Therefore, the present appellant cannot be even booked<\/p>\n<p>for offence under Section 307 read with Section 149, IPC.          He must,<\/p>\n<p>therefore, be acquitted of that offence.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>16.   Once it is a clear cut finding by the High Court that the appellant<\/p>\n<p>fired in the air only with an idea to scare away the aggressors and in<\/p>\n<p>pursuance of right of private defence of his property and life and once it is<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                    10<\/span><\/p>\n<p>proved that he also suffered some injuries, though superficial, his use of<\/p>\n<p>gun only for that purpose cannot be covered under Section 27 of the Arms<\/p>\n<p>Act either. In fact, we are doubtful about the prosecution version that he<\/p>\n<p>fired the gun in the air and exhorted the other accused to attack. This case<\/p>\n<p>of the prosecution has been found to be incorrect by the High Court as<\/p>\n<p>there is a specific finding recorded by the High Court that even if he has<\/p>\n<p>fired in the air, it was with an idea to scare away the aggressors. The High<\/p>\n<p>Court has also specifically found that the accused persons had possessed<\/p>\n<p>the aforementioned plot No. 97 and that there was no injunction order<\/p>\n<p>passed against them nor was any such injunction order either produced<\/p>\n<p>before the Court or proved. If that was so, then the action of the appellant<\/p>\n<p>would not have the colour of criminality and hence even his conviction<\/p>\n<p>under Section 27 of the Arms Act would be of no consequence. There is<\/p>\n<p>no discussion regarding Section 27, Arms Act either in the judgment of the<\/p>\n<p>Trial Court or the High Court. No evidence is discussed as to how the user<\/p>\n<p>of the fire arm can come within the mischief of Section 5 of the Arms Act.<\/p>\n<p>No such material was produced before us nor were we addressed on the<\/p>\n<p>issue by the learned counsel for the prosecution.             Under such<\/p>\n<p>circumstances, we are not in a position to endorse the breach of Section 5<\/p>\n<p>of the Arms Act. Again, it is not the case of the prosecution that this<\/p>\n<p>appellant did not have the licence for the rifle that he is alleged to have<\/p>\n<p>used by firing in the air.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                     11<\/span><\/p>\n<p>17.   For inviting conviction under Section 27 of the Arms Act, it has to be<\/p>\n<p>proved that the fire arm has been used in contravention of Section 5 or<\/p>\n<p>Section 7 of the Arms Act. Since it was a licensed gun, there was no<\/p>\n<p>question of Section 7 coming in. Insofar as Section 5 is concerned, we do<\/p>\n<p>not think that an act on the part of the accused in firing in the air to scare<\/p>\n<p>the aggressors would come within the mischief of Section 5(1) of the Arms<\/p>\n<p>Act. Therefore, the appellant is liable to be acquitted even of the offence<\/p>\n<p>under Section 27 of the Arms Act.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>18.   In result, the conviction of the appellant as recorded by the Trial<\/p>\n<p>Court and as wrongly confirmed by the High Court is bad in law and the<\/p>\n<p>accused is entitled for acquittal.        He is accordingly acquitted.             The<\/p>\n<p>judgments of both the Courts below are set aside.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>                                               &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..J.\n<\/p>\n<p>                                               [V.S. SIRPURKAR]<\/p>\n<p>                                                &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..J.\n<\/p>\n<p>                                               [R.M.LODHA]<br \/>\nNew Delhi;\n<\/p>\n<p>May 26, 2009<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">12<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Deomuni Sharma vs State Of Jharkhand on 26 May, 2009 Author: V Sirpurkar Bench: V.S. Sirpurkar, R.M. Lodha 1 &#8220;REPORTABLE&#8221; IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 718 OF 2003 Deomuni Sharma &#8230;. Appellant Versus State of Jharkhand &#8230;. Respondent JUDGMENT V.S. SIRPURKAR, J. 1. 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