{"id":44222,"date":"1970-04-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1970-04-27T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/lt-governor-of-himachal-pradesh-vs-avinash-sharma-on-28-april-1970"},"modified":"2016-04-21T00:27:37","modified_gmt":"2016-04-20T18:57:37","slug":"lt-governor-of-himachal-pradesh-vs-avinash-sharma-on-28-april-1970","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/lt-governor-of-himachal-pradesh-vs-avinash-sharma-on-28-april-1970","title":{"rendered":"Lt. Governor Of Himachal Pradesh vs Avinash Sharma on 28 April, 1970"},"content":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n
Lt. Governor Of Himachal Pradesh vs Avinash Sharma on 28 April, 1970<\/div>\n
Equivalent citations: 1970 AIR 1576, \t\t 1971 SCR (1) 413<\/div>\n
Author: S C.<\/div>\n
Bench: Shah, J.C.<\/div>\n
           PETITIONER:\nLT. GOVERNOR OF HIMACHAL PRADESH\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nAVINASH SHARMA\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\n28\/04\/1970\n\nBENCH:\nSHAH, J.C.\nBENCH:\nSHAH, J.C.\nHEGDE, K.S.\n\nCITATION:\n 1970 AIR 1576\t\t  1971 SCR  (1) 413\n 1970 SCC  (2) 149\n CITATOR INFO :\n D\t    1972 SC1363\t (13)\n R\t    1975 SC1767\t (4)\n RF\t    1989 SC  49\t (26,27)\n RF\t    1991 SC1117\t (9,10)\n\n\nACT:\nLand Acquisition Act, 1894 Ss. 4, 6, 17 (1) and (4) and\t 48-\nLand  vesting  in  Government after  notification  under  S.\n17(1)-If  can  revert to original owner by  cancellation  of\nnotification  under S. 21 of the General Clauses Act,  1897-\nOriginal  possession of acquired land taken  illegally--  If\nland vests in Govt. free from encumbrances 15 days after  s.\n17(1) notification.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\nPossession of an area of land in Himachal Pradesh  including\nsome land belonging to the respondent was taken in  December\n1963 by the Deputy Commissioner and the land was handed over\nto  the Air Force Authorities.\tSubsequently, on  March\t 31,\n1964, a notification under s. 4 of the Land Acquisition Act,\n1894, was published., Thereafter by a composite notification\nunder s. 6 and s. 17(1) & (4) dated May 16, 1964, the  State\nGovernment  declared that the land was needed for  a  public\npurpose\"  that since it was required urgently,\tthe  enquiry\nunder  s.  5-A\tof  the Act was\t dispensed  with,  and\tthat\npossession of the land would be taken under s. 17(1) of\t the\nAct after the expiry of 15 days of the notice under s.\t9(1)\nof the Act.  The Collector then served notices under s. 9 in\nJune  1964.   On  October  5,  1965,  the  State  Government\npublished an order cancelling the notifications dated  March\n31, 1964 and May 16, 1964, for acquisition of the land.\t The\nrespondent  filed  a  writ  petition  and  prayed  that\t the\nnotification  dated October 5, 1965, be quashed and  that  a\nwrit  of  mandamus be issued directing\tthe  authorities  to\ndischarge their duties in law to determine compensation\t for\ncompulsory and urgent acquisition.  The petition was allowed\nby the Judicial Commissioner.\nIn  appeal to this Court it was contended on behalf  of\t the\nappellant  that under s. 21 of the General Clauses Act,\t the\nState had the power to cancel the notifications at any\ttime\nand  that s. 48 of the Land Acquisition Act did\t not  trench\nupon  that  power;  furthermore, where\tthe  Government\t had\nobtained   possession  illegally  or  under  some   unlawful\ntransaction  and notification under sec. 17(1)\twas  issued,\nthe  land  did\tnot vest in the Government  'free  from\t all\nencumbrances; and that the notification issued by the  State\nGovernment  under Sec. 17(1) and (4) was  without  authority\nbecause it did not recite that the land notified was  \"waste\nor arable\".\nHELD : Dismissing the appeal,\nWhen  possession of-the land is taken under s.17(1)  of\t the\nLand  Acquisition  Act\tthe land vests\tin  the\t Government.\nThere  is no provision by which land statutorily  vested  in\nthe  Government\t reverts  to the  original  ,owner  by\tmere\ncancellation  of the notification under s. 17(1).   Although\nthe  government\t may cancel or rescind\tnotifications  under\nsection\t 4 and 6 of the Land Acquisition Act a\tnotification\nunder  s. 17(1) cannot be cancelled nor can it be  withdrawn\nin  exercise  of  the  powers under  Sec.  48  of  the\tLand\nAcquisition  Act.   Any other view would  enable  the  State\nGovernment  to circumvent the specific provision by  relying\nupon a general power in the General clauses Act, [415 H, 417\nC-E]\nState  of Madhya Pradesh and Ors. v. Vishnu Prasad Sharma  &\nOrs<\/a> [1966] 3 S.C.R. 557, referred to.\n414\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 514 of 1967.
\nAppeal\tby special leave from the judgment and\torder  dated
\nSeptember  27, 1966 of the Judicial Commissioner’s Court  at
\nSimla and Civil Writ Petition No. 30 of 1965.
\nJagadish Swarup, Solicitcr-General, V. C. Mahajan and R.  N.
\nSachthey for the appellants.\n<\/p>\n
Bishan Narain and O. N. Mahindroo, for the respondent.
\nThe Judgment of the Court was delivered by
\nShah, J. The Deputy Commissioner, Mahasu, apparently  acting
\non the request of the Air Force authorities took  possession
\non  December  23, 1963, of an area of land in  village\tGalu
\nChak.\tThat  area included 8-14-0 bighas belonging  to\t the
\nrespondent.   The  record does not  disclose  the  authority
\nunder  which possession of the land was taken and  delivered
\nover to the Air Force.\tThere was correspondence between the
\nAir  Force Authorities and the State of Himachal Pradesh  in
\nregard to the land occupied by the Air Force and  ultimately
\non  March  31, 1964, a notification under s. 4 of  the\tLand
\nAcquisition Act, 1894, was published notifying that the area
\nof land (including the land of the respondent) was likely to
\nbe needed by the State Government for a public purpose.\t  By
\na  composite notification under s. 6 & s. 17(1) & (4)  dated
\nMay  16, 1964, the State of Himachal Pradesh  declared\tthat
\nthe land was needed for a public purpose, that since it\t was
\nrequired  urgent,  the enquiry under s. 5-A of the  Act\t was
\ndispensed  with,  and that possession of the  land  will  be
\ntaken  under  S.  17 (1 ) of the Act after  the,  expiry  of
\nfifteen\t days  from the publication of the notice  under  s.
\n9(1)  of  the  Act.  The Collector  of\tMahasu\tthen  served
\nnotices under S. 9 of the Land Acquisition Act in June 1964.
\nOn  October  5,\t 1965, the Government  of  Himachal  Pradesh
\npublished  an order cancelling the notification dated  March
\n31,  1964, and May 16, 1964, for acquisition of land  for  a
\npublic purpose.\n<\/p>\n
The respondent then presented a petition before the Judicial
\nCommissioner,  Himachal\t Pradesh, for a\t writ  quashing\t the
\nnotification   dated  October  5,  1965,   withdrawing\t and
\ncancelling  the\t previous notifications and for\t a  writ  of
\nmandamus  directing the authorities of the State  Government
\nto act according to law and discharge the duties cast by law
\nupon  them in the’ matter of determination  of\tcompensation
\nfor  compulsory\t and urgent acquisition.  The  petition\t was
\ngranted\t by the Judicial Commissioner.\tIn the view  of\t the
\nJudicial Commissioner when the notification
\n41 5
\nunder s. 17(1) & (4) was issued, and possession was taken by
\nthe  State Government the land vested in the Government\t and
\nit  was not competent to the State Government thereafter  to
\nwithdraw the notifications in exercise of the power under s.
\n48  of the Land Acquisition Act.  Against the order  of\t the
\nJudicial  Commissioner, this appeal has been preferred\twith
\nspecial leave.\n<\/p>\n
The  Solicitor-General\tappearing on behalf  of\t the  State-
\ncontended  that under s. 21 of the General Clauses  Act\t the
\nState has the power to cancel the notifications at any time,
\nand  that s. 48 of the Land Acquisition Act did\t not  trench
\nupon   that  power.   Under  the  Land\tAcquisition  Act   a
\nnotification  under  s. 4 of the Act may be  issued  by\t the
\nappropriate Government that any land is needed or is  likely
\nto be needed for a public purpose.  Unless the inquiry under
\ns. 5-A is dispensed with, any person interested in the\tland
\nnotified  may object to the acquisition of the land,  or  of
\nany  land  in  the locality.  On the  objections  made,\t the
\nCollector  holds  an inquiry after giving  the\tobjector  an
\nopportunity  of\t being\theard,\tand  makes  a  report.\t The
\nappropriate Government may, if satisfied, after\t considering
\nthe report, if any, of the Collector under s. 5-A(2), make a
\ndeclaration  that the land is needed for a  public  purpose.
\nThe  declaration  is conclusive evidence that  the  land  is
\nneeded for a public purpose.  Then follows an inquiry as  to
\nthe amount of compensation payable to the owner of the land,
\nand to the other claimants.  If the land is waste or arable,
\nthe  Government\t may in case of urgency\t dispense  with\t the
\ninquiry under s. 5-A and direct that possession may be taken
\non  the expiration of fifteen days after publication of\t the
\nnotice\tunder  s. 9(1) of the Act even though  no  award  of
\ncompensation  is made by the Collector.\t When possession  is
\ntaken the land vests exclusively in the Government free from
\nall encumbrances.\n<\/p>\n
In  the present case a notification under s. 17(1)  and\t (4)
\nwas issued by the State Government and possession which\t had
\npreviously  been  taken\t must, from the date  of  expiry  of
\nfifteen\t days  from the publication of the notice  under  s.
\n9(1), be deemed to be the possession of the Government.\t  We
\nare  unable to agree that where the Government has  obtained
\npossession illegally or under some unlawful transaction\t and
\na  notification under s. 17(1) is issued the land  does\t not
\nvest  in the Government free from all encumbrances.  We\t are
\nof  the\t view  that when a notification under  s.  17(1)  is
\nissued,\t  on  the  expiration  of  fifteen  days  from\t the
\npublication  of\t the  notice  mentioned in  s.\t9  (1),\t the
\npossession  previously\tobtained will be deemed\t to  be\t the
\npossession  of the Government under s. 17(1) of the Act\t and
\nthe  land will vest in the Government free from\t all  encum-
\nbranches.\n<\/p>\n
4 1 6
\nIt  is\ttrue that the notification issued by  the  State  of
\nHimachal Pradesh under s. 17( 1) & (4) does not recite\tthat
\nthe  land  notified was “waste or arable”.  But it  was\t not
\ncontended   before  the\t Judicial  Commissioner\t  that\t the
\nGovernment  issued  the notification under s.  17(1)  &\t (4)
\nwithout\t authority.  Power under sub-ss. (1) & (4) of s.  17
\nmay be only exercised when the land is waste or arable,\t and
\nthe Government having issued the notification, it is not  be
\nopen  to  them to contend for the first time at\t this  stage
\nthat the land of the respondent was not waste or ,arable and
\nthe notifications were unauthorised.\n<\/p>\n
Section\t 48  of the Land Acquisition Act by the\t first\tsub-
\nsection provides :\n<\/p>\n
\t      ”\t Except in the case provided for in  section
\n\t      36,  the\tGovernment shall be  at\t liberty  to
\n\t      withdraw\tfrom the acquisition of any land  of
\n\t      which possession has not been taken.  ”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Power  to cancel a notification for  compulsory\t acquisition
\nis,  it\t is  true, not affected by S. 48 of the\t Act:  by  a
\nnotification  under  s. 21 of the General Clauses  Act,\t the
\nGovernment  may cancel ,or rescind the notifications  issued
\nunder ss. 4 & 6 of the Land Acquisition Act.  But the  power
\nunder  s. 21 of the General Clauses Act cannot be  exercised
\nafter the land statutorily vests in the State Government.
\nIn State of Madhya Pradesh and Ors. v. Vishnu Prasad  Sharma
\n& Ors<\/a>(1)  on  which reliance was placed, the  only  question
\nwhich fell to  be  considered  by the Court  was  whether  a
\nnotification under  s.\t4(1) may be followed  by  successive
\nnotifications under S. 6 for   small  parts  of\t  the\tland
\ncomprised  in one notification issued under s. 4. The  Court
\nrejected  the  contention that the State was  invested\twith
\nsuch  a\t power.\t  In  considering  the\targument  the  Court
\nreferred to the power to cancel the notification under S. 21
\nof  the General Clauses Act, apart from the power  conferred
\nby s. 48 of the Land Acquisition Act.  The Court observed
\n\t      “Section\t48(1)  is a  special  provision\t for
\n\t      those cases where proceedings for\t acquisition
\n\t      have  gone  beyond the stage of the  issue  of
\n\t      notice  under  s. 9 (1) and  it  provides\t for
\n\t      payment  ‘of compensation under s. 48(2)\tread
\n\t      with  `. 48(3).  We cannot . . . . accept\t the
\n\t      argument\tthat without an order under  s.48(1)
\n\t      the  notification under s.4 must\tremain\tout-
\n\t      standing.\t It can be cancelled at any time  by
\n\t      Government under s. 21 of the General  Clauses
\n\t      Act and what
\n\t      (1)   [1966]3 S.C.R 557.\n<\/p>\n
\t       417<\/span><\/p>\n
\t       s. 48(1).      If  no notice has been  issued\n\t      under possess-ion\t   it  cannot withdraw\tfrom\n<\/pre>\n
\t      the acquisition. Before that   it\t may  cancel
\n\t      the  notification under ss. 4 and 6 or it\t may
\n\t      withdraw from the acquisition under s.  48(1).
\n\t      If  no notice has been issued under S.  9\t (1)
\n\t      all  that the government has to do is to\tpay,
\n\t      for the damage caused as provided in s. 5;  if
\n\t      on  the  other hand a notice has\tbeen  issued
\n\t      under s. 9 (1), damage has also to be paid  in
\n\t\t\t    accordance\twith the provisions of s.\n<\/p>\n
 48  (2).\n<\/p>\n
\t      and (3).”\n<\/p>\n
But  these  observations  do not assist\t the  case  of\tthe,
\nappellants.,.  It  is clearly implicit in  the\tobservations
\nthat   after  possession  has  been  taken  pursuant  to   a
\nnotification  under  s.\t 17 (1) the land is  vested  in\t the
\nGovernment,  and the notification cannot be cancelled  under
\ns.  21 of the General Clauses Act, nor can the\tnotification
\nbe  withdrawn in exercise of the powers under s. 48  of\t the
\nLand.,\tAcquisition  Act.  Any other view would\t enable\t the
\nState  Government  to circumvent the specific  provision  by
\nrelying\t upon a general power.\tWhen possession of the\tland
\nis taken under s. 17 (1), the land vests in the\t Government.
\nThere  is no provision by which land statutorily  vested  in
\nthe  Government\t reverts  to  the  original  owner  by\tmere
\ncancellation of the notification.\n<\/p>\n
The appeal fails and is dismissed with costs.\n<\/p>\n
R.K.P.S.\t\t\t\t\t    Appeal\ndismissed.\n418<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India Lt. Governor Of Himachal Pradesh vs Avinash Sharma on 28 April, 1970 Equivalent citations: 1970 AIR 1576, 1971 SCR (1) 413 Author: S C. Bench: Shah, J.C. PETITIONER: LT. GOVERNOR OF HIMACHAL PRADESH Vs. RESPONDENT: AVINASH SHARMA DATE OF JUDGMENT: 28\/04\/1970 BENCH: SHAH, J.C. BENCH: SHAH, J.C. HEGDE, K.S. CITATION: 1970 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44222","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"\nLt. 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