{"id":44951,"date":"2008-11-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-11-27T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/babasahed-apparao-patil-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-28-november-2008"},"modified":"2017-06-04T18:17:29","modified_gmt":"2017-06-04T12:47:29","slug":"babasahed-apparao-patil-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-28-november-2008","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/babasahed-apparao-patil-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-28-november-2008","title":{"rendered":"Babasahed Apparao Patil vs State Of Maharashtra on 28 November, 2008"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Babasahed Apparao Patil vs State Of Maharashtra on 28 November, 2008<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: D Jain<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: D.K. Jain, V.S. Sirpurkar<\/div>\n<pre>                                                              REPORTABLE\n           IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA\n          CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION\n          CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 1264 OF 2005\n\n\nBABASAHEB APPARAO PATIL           --    APPELLANT (S)\n\n\n\n                          VERSUS\n\n\n\nSTATE OF MAHARASHTRA              --    RESPONDENT (S)\n\n\n\n\n                      JUDGMENT\n<\/pre>\n<p>D.K. JAIN, J.:\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>1. This appeal arises out of the judgment rendered by the<\/p>\n<p>  High Court of Judicature at Bombay, in Criminal Appeal<\/p>\n<p>  No. 686 of 1988, confirming the conviction of the appellant<\/p>\n<p>  for offence under Section 302 read with Section 34 of<\/p>\n<p>  Indian Penal Code, 1860 (for short `IPC&#8217;).\n<\/p>\n<p>2. As many as four accused came to be tried by the Addl.<\/p>\n<p>  Sessions Judge, Solapur in Sessions Case No.198 of 1987.<\/p>\n<p>  These persons were Babasaheb Apparao Patil &#8211; Accused<\/p>\n<p>  No.1, Tanaji Manikrao Patil &#8211; Accused No.2, Appasha<\/p>\n<p>  Dharmarao Patil &#8211; Accused No.3 and Prakash Limbanna<\/p>\n<p>  Koli &#8211; Accused No.4.     The Trial Court convicted all the<\/p>\n<p>  accused for the said offence and sentenced them to suffer<\/p>\n<p>  rigorous imprisonment for life and to pay a fine of<\/p>\n<p>  Rs.1000\/- each, with default stipulation. All the convicts<\/p>\n<p>  preferred an appeal to the High Court. Although accused<\/p>\n<p>  No.2 and 4 expired during the pendency of the appeal, yet<\/p>\n<p>  the High Court dealt with their appeals as well. The High<\/p>\n<p>  Court confirmed the conviction of the appellant herein and<\/p>\n<p>  accused No.2 but acquitted the remaining two accused,<\/p>\n<p>  giving them the benefit of doubt.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>3. According to the prosecution in village Boramani, District<\/p>\n<p>  Solapur, there are two rival parties. Manikrao Patil was the<\/p>\n<p>  leader of one party and the deceased &#8211; Baburao Vibhute<\/p>\n<p>  was the leader of the other party. Tanaji Manikrao Patil &#8211;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                         2<\/span><br \/>\n  Accused No.2 is the son of Manikrao Patil.        Babasaheb<\/p>\n<p>  Apparao Patil-Accused No.1 and Appasha Dharmarao Patil<\/p>\n<p>  &#8211; Accused No.3 are cousin brothers of Tanaji.       Prakash<\/p>\n<p>  Limbanna Koli-Accused No.4 is not related to other three<\/p>\n<p>  accused but was known to them. On 7th June, 1989, one<\/p>\n<p>  Abhimanyu     Rama    Bhagare   had   assaulted    the   said<\/p>\n<p>  Manikrao Patil, father of Accused No.2 by using a Sattur.<\/p>\n<p>  Abhimanyu was a good friend of the deceased Baburao<\/p>\n<p>  Vibhute.    Manikrao suspected that assault on him by<\/p>\n<p>  Abhimanyu had been instigated by the deceased Baburao<\/p>\n<p>  and therefore, he held a grudge against him.<\/p>\n<p>4. On 19th June, 1986, the deceased &#8211; Baburao Vibhute,<\/p>\n<p>  Sidram Birajdar (PW-10) Sarpanch of village Boramani,<\/p>\n<p>  Prakash Rajguri (PW-11), driver of the deceased and one<\/p>\n<p>  Suresh Rokade left for Solapur by jeep because the<\/p>\n<p>  deceased had some work there. On completion of the work,<\/p>\n<p>  at around 3.00 p.m. they started the return journey. On<\/p>\n<p>  their way, they stopped at hotel Khansaheb to take some<\/p>\n<p>  snacks.    But since vegetarian snacks were not available,<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                           3<\/span><br \/>\nthey procured beer from outside and had it in the hotel. At<\/p>\n<p>the hotel, Prakash (PW-11) saw Shivaji Rajguru (PW-26),<\/p>\n<p>who was in the service of the deceased and had owed some<\/p>\n<p>money to him. He, accordingly informed the deceased, who<\/p>\n<p>demanded money from Shivaji but on his failure to oblige<\/p>\n<p>him, he belaboured him and made him sit in the jeep to<\/p>\n<p>take him to his village. When the jeep came near the village<\/p>\n<p>of Shivaji, his wife (PW-19) stopped it.   The deceased got<\/p>\n<p>down from the jeep and was talking with the wife of Shivaji.<\/p>\n<p>While the conversation was going on, another jeep came<\/p>\n<p>from the side of Solapur.   All the four accused got down<\/p>\n<p>from the jeep.   Accused No.1 was armed with a pistol;<\/p>\n<p>Accused No.2 got down wielding an instrument like jamiya<\/p>\n<p>(dagger); Accused No.3 came to the rear side of the jeep of<\/p>\n<p>the deceased and grabbed him from behind; Accused A-2<\/p>\n<p>gave a dagger blow on his stomach. When the deceased fell<\/p>\n<p>down on the ground, Accused No.1 fired a bullet shot at his<\/p>\n<p>chest. On seeing the assault, Sidram (PW-10) ran away out<\/p>\n<p>of fear. At a nearby petrol pump, he boarded a truck and<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                        4<\/span><br \/>\n  reached Hyderabad. Prakash (PW-11) the driver of the jeep,<\/p>\n<p>  also fled from the scene and on reaching Solapur, he went<\/p>\n<p>  to the house of his uncle (PW-18) and narrated the entire<\/p>\n<p>  incident to him.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>5. On 19th June, 1986 itself, at about 9.10 p.m., a phone call<\/p>\n<p>  was received by CPI Bhaskar Patil (PW-28) from an<\/p>\n<p>  unknown person informing him about the murder of<\/p>\n<p>  Baburao Vibhute.         The said informant is stated to have<\/p>\n<p>  disclosed   that   the    murder   had   been   committed       by<\/p>\n<p>  Babasaheb Patil &#8211; Accused No.1 and Tanaji Patil &#8211; Accused<\/p>\n<p>  No. 2. PW-28, after making the entry in the station diary<\/p>\n<p>  regarding the telephonic message, conveyed the information<\/p>\n<p>  to PSI Annasaheb Patil (PW-33), attached to the Taluka<\/p>\n<p>  police station within whose jurisdiction the murder had<\/p>\n<p>  been committed. On receiving the information, the police<\/p>\n<p>  sprung into action. At the place of occurrence, Panchnama<\/p>\n<p>  of the scene of occurrence was prepared, the jeep and some<\/p>\n<p>  articles alongwith the dead body were seized. The body of<\/p>\n<p>  Baburao was sent for post mortem.        At the civil hospital,<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                              5<\/span><br \/>\n  Dr. Kanki (PW-20) performed the post mortem and found as<\/p>\n<p>  many as 15 injuries on the person of the deceased.      The<\/p>\n<p>  injuries included a fire arm injury over abdomen near left<\/p>\n<p>  postal margin, four deep incised wounds over abdomen,<\/p>\n<p>  four stab wounds over chest, one incised wound over left<\/p>\n<p>  side at lumber region and exit wounds of pellets. Lungs,<\/p>\n<p>  kidneys, liver, spleen were also injured. Doctor opined that<\/p>\n<p>  these injuries were sufficient to cause death and the death<\/p>\n<p>  was caused on account of shock and haemorrhage and due<\/p>\n<p>  to injuries sustained by the deceased over abdomen, chest<\/p>\n<p>  and to visceral organs.   On completion of investigations,<\/p>\n<p>  which included recording of confessional statements of<\/p>\n<p>  Accused No.2 and Accused No.4, who also produced the<\/p>\n<p>  weapons of offence (2 daggers and one country made pistol),<\/p>\n<p>  chargesheet was filed against all the accused.<\/p>\n<p>6. The accused abjured their guilt and accordingly, the trial<\/p>\n<p>  was held.     The prosecution examined as many as 33<\/p>\n<p>  witnesses to support its case. No evidence was produced in<\/p>\n<p>  defence.    Upon consideration of the evidence, as noted<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                         6<\/span><br \/>\n  above, the trial court convicted all the four accused for<\/p>\n<p>  offence punishable under Section 302 read with Section 34<\/p>\n<p>  of the IPC. Appellant&#8217;s (Accused No.1) conviction having<\/p>\n<p>  been confirmed by the High Court, he has come up before<\/p>\n<p>  us in this appeal. The other convict &#8211; Accused No.2 expired<\/p>\n<p>  during the pendency of his appeal in the High Court.<\/p>\n<p>7. Learned counsel for the appellant contended that the trial<\/p>\n<p>  court as also the High Court committed serious error in<\/p>\n<p>  relying on the wholly unreliable testimony of PW-10 and<\/p>\n<p>  PW-11, examined by the prosecution as eye-witnesses,<\/p>\n<p>  inasmuch as there are contradictions and discrepancies in<\/p>\n<p>  their evidence. It was argued that the story of PW-10 going<\/p>\n<p>  to Hyderabad is inherently improbable and was a make up<\/p>\n<p>  to cover the delay of three days in recording of his<\/p>\n<p>  statement by police on 23rd June, 1986.          It was also<\/p>\n<p>  submitted that it was very improbable that Prakash (PW-<\/p>\n<p>  11), an employee of the deceased, stated to have seen the<\/p>\n<p>  entire incident did not disclose the name of the accused to<\/p>\n<p>  his   uncle   Kisan   Ingale   (PW-18)   when   he   met   him<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                             7<\/span><br \/>\n  immediately thereafter and furthermore instead of reporting<\/p>\n<p>  the occurrence to the police he went to his uncle&#8217;s house<\/p>\n<p>  and narrated the incident to him. It was pleaded that all<\/p>\n<p>  the accused had been falsely implicated on account of<\/p>\n<p>  rivalry between the two factions in the village.<\/p>\n<p>8. Learned counsel appearing on behalf of the State, on the<\/p>\n<p>  other hand, supported the judgment of the High Court and<\/p>\n<p>  submitted that the evidence of the two eyewitnesses,<\/p>\n<p>  coupled with the medical evidence and the recovery of<\/p>\n<p>  weapons of offence clearly prove the case against the<\/p>\n<p>  appellant.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>9. Having carefully gone through the judgments of the courts<\/p>\n<p>  below, we feel that in the light of the evidence on record, the<\/p>\n<p>  view taken by the High Court is correct.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>10. As noted earlier, the mainstay of the prosecution is the<\/p>\n<p>  testimony of Sidram (PW-10) and Prakash (PW-11) who<\/p>\n<p>  claimed to be eye witnesses of the occurrence.       Both the<\/p>\n<p>  courts below have found their evidence creditworthy and<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                            8<\/span><br \/>\n  have held that the minor contradictions in their testimony<\/p>\n<p>  were not sufficient to affect the credibility of their evidence.<\/p>\n<p>  The discrepancies in the evidence of PW-10 highlighted<\/p>\n<p>  before the High Court on behalf of the appellants were: (i)<\/p>\n<p>  his non-mentioning of non-availability of vegetarian food in<\/p>\n<p>  the hotel and drinking of beer as recorded in his statement<\/p>\n<p>  by police (ii) belabouring of Shivaji by Baburao after<\/p>\n<p>  returning to the hotel. Similarly, the alleged omissions on<\/p>\n<p>  which emphasis was laid were : (i) non-mentioning of the<\/p>\n<p>  deceased falling on his back after receiving the first jamiya<\/p>\n<p>  blow and (ii) the firing of bullets at the chest of the<\/p>\n<p>  deceased.     As regards PW-11, the alleged contradictions<\/p>\n<p>  were again with regard to his going to the market to<\/p>\n<p>  purchase beer and the deceased, Sidram and Suresh<\/p>\n<p>  having beer at the hotel.       The stated omission was again<\/p>\n<p>  about the bullet being fired at the chest of the deceased.<\/p>\n<p>11.As already noted, the High Court has come to the<\/p>\n<p>  conclusion,    and   in   our     opinion,   rightly,   that   the<\/p>\n<p>  contradictions brought on record pertaining to the bringing<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                                 9<\/span><br \/>\n  and drinking of beer are not directly related to the incident<\/p>\n<p>  and cannot be said to be material contradictions. Similarly,<\/p>\n<p>  the alleged omission relating to the firing being on the chest<\/p>\n<p>  of the deceased has also been held to be not a material<\/p>\n<p>  omission because there is no omission in the statement as<\/p>\n<p>  regards the firing by the appellant on the deceased.<\/p>\n<p>12. It is to be borne in mind that some discrepancies in the<\/p>\n<p>  ocular account of a witness, unless these are vital, cannot<\/p>\n<p>  per se affect the credibility of the evidence of the witness.<\/p>\n<p>  Unless the contradictions are material, the same cannot be<\/p>\n<p>  used to jettison the evidence in its entirety.          Trivial<\/p>\n<p>  discrepancies   ought   not   to   obliterate   an   otherwise<\/p>\n<p>  acceptable evidence. Merely because there is inconsistency<\/p>\n<p>  in evidence, it is not sufficient to impair the credibility of<\/p>\n<p>  the witness. It is only when discrepancies in the evidence<\/p>\n<p>  of a witness are so incompatible with the credibility of his<\/p>\n<p>  version that the court would be justified in discarding his<\/p>\n<p>  evidence.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                            10<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p>13. In State of U.P. Vs. M.K. Anthony1, this Court indicated<\/p>\n<p>      the proper approach which needs to be adopted while<\/p>\n<p>      appreciating the evidence of a witness. It was observed as<\/p>\n<p>      under:\n<\/p>\n<p>         &#8220;While appreciating the evidence of a witness, the<br \/>\n         approach must be whether the evidence of the<br \/>\n         witness read as a whole appears to have a ring of<br \/>\n         truth. Once that impression is formed, it is<br \/>\n         undoubtedly necessary for the court to scrutinise<br \/>\n         the evidence more particularly keeping in view the<br \/>\n         deficiencies, drawbacks and infirmities pointed out<br \/>\n         in the evidence as a whole and evaluate them to<br \/>\n         find out whether it is against the general tenor of<br \/>\n         the evidence given by the witness and whether the<br \/>\n         earlier evaluation of the evidence is shaken as to<br \/>\n         render it unworthy of belief. Minor discrepancies on<br \/>\n         trivial matters not touching the core of the case,<br \/>\n         hyper-technical approach by taking sentences torn<br \/>\n         out of context here or there from the evidence,<br \/>\n         attaching importance to some technical error<br \/>\n         committed by the investigating officer not going to<br \/>\n         the root of the matter would not ordinarily permit<br \/>\n         rejection of the evidence as a whole. If the court<br \/>\n         before whom the witness gives evidence had the<br \/>\n         opportunity to form the opinion about the general<br \/>\n         tenor of evidence given by the witness, the appellate<br \/>\n         court which had not this benefit will have to attach<br \/>\n         due weight to the appreciation of evidence by the<br \/>\n         trial court and unless there are reasons weighty<br \/>\n         and formidable it would not be proper to reject the<br \/>\n         evidence on the ground of minor variations or<br \/>\n         infirmities in the matter of trivial details. Even<br \/>\n         honest and truthful witnesses may differ in some<br \/>\n         details unrelated to the main incident because<br \/>\n         power of observation, retention and reproduction<br \/>\n         differ with individuals.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">1<\/span><br \/>\n    (1985) 1 SCC 505<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                                 11<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p>14. In Appabhai &amp; Anr. Vs. State of Gujarat2, this Court<\/p>\n<p>      had again emphasized that while appreciating the evidence,<\/p>\n<p>      the court should not attach undue importance to minor<\/p>\n<p>      discrepancies. The discrepancies which do not shake the<\/p>\n<p>      basic version of the prosecution case may be discarded.<\/p>\n<p>      Similarly, the discrepancies which are due to normal errors<\/p>\n<p>      of   perception      or   observation   should   not   be   given<\/p>\n<p>      importance.         The Court by calling into aid its vast<\/p>\n<p>      experience of men and matters in different cases must<\/p>\n<p>      evaluate the entire material on record as a whole and<\/p>\n<p>      should not disbelieve the evidence of a witness altogether, if<\/p>\n<p>      it is otherwise trustworthy.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>15. Having gone through the evidence of PW-10 and PW-11, we<\/p>\n<p>      are in complete agreement with the High Court that the<\/p>\n<p>      aforenoted contradictions are not directly relating to the<\/p>\n<p>      incident and cannot be said to be material contradictions<\/p>\n<p>      affecting the credibility of the evidence of both the eye<\/p>\n<p>      witnesses viz. PW-10 and PW-11. Similarly, the so-called<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">2<\/span><br \/>\n    1988 (Supp) SCC 241<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                                   12<\/span><br \/>\nomission of not mentioning the exact portion of the body of<\/p>\n<p>the deceased where the shot had been fired cannot be said<\/p>\n<p>to be a significant omission because there was no omission<\/p>\n<p>as regards the firing by the appellant on the deceased.    In<\/p>\n<p>his testimony, PW-10 has given graphic details of the<\/p>\n<p>occurrence. Similarly, PW-11, the driver of the jeep, in his<\/p>\n<p>evidence, has narrated the incidence which corroborates<\/p>\n<p>with the version of PW-10.      The evidence of these two<\/p>\n<p>witnesses stands corroborated by the medical evidence,<\/p>\n<p>which clearly shows that several blows were given to the<\/p>\n<p>deceased by jamiya (dagger) and a fire arm injury was also<\/p>\n<p>found over the abdomen of the deceased. The conduct of<\/p>\n<p>PW-11 in going to the house of his uncle instead of<\/p>\n<p>reporting the incident to the police cannot be said to be<\/p>\n<p>unnatural, impairing the creditworthiness of his evidence.<\/p>\n<p>The post-event conduct of a witness varies from person to<\/p>\n<p>person. It cannot be a cast iron reaction to be followed as a<\/p>\n<p>model by every one witnessing such event.           Different<\/p>\n<p>persons would react differently on seeing any serious crime<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                          13<\/span><br \/>\n      and their behaviour and conduct would, therefore, be<\/p>\n<p>      different. (See: Rammi @ Rameshwar Vs. State of M.P.3).<\/p>\n<p>      Therefore, having witnessed a dastardly murder, it was not<\/p>\n<p>      unnatural for the said witness to go to his uncle and,<\/p>\n<p>      therefore, the courts below were justified in not rejecting his<\/p>\n<p>      evidence merely on that score.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>16.Thus, we are unable to agree with learned counsel for the<\/p>\n<p>      appellant that the trial court as well as the High Court have<\/p>\n<p>      failed to appreciate properly the evidence on record. We are<\/p>\n<p>      convinced that the conclusions of the courts below, that the<\/p>\n<p>      appellant had committed the offence of murder of Baburao<\/p>\n<p>      Vibhute, are supported by acceptable evidence. We do not<\/p>\n<p>      find any legal or factual infirmity in the impugned judgment<\/p>\n<p>      warranting       interference.         The      appeal       is    dismissed<\/p>\n<p>      accordingly.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>                                       &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;J.<br \/>\n                                       (D.K. JAIN)<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">3<\/span><br \/>\n    (1999) 8 SCC 649<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                                                 14<\/span><br \/>\n                     &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.J.\n<\/p>\n<p>                     (V.S. SIRPURKAR)<br \/>\nNEW DELHI;\n<\/p>\n<p>NOVEMBER 28, 2008.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                                15<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Babasahed Apparao Patil vs State Of Maharashtra on 28 November, 2008 Author: D Jain Bench: D.K. Jain, V.S. Sirpurkar REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 1264 OF 2005 BABASAHEB APPARAO PATIL &#8212; APPELLANT (S) VERSUS STATE OF MAHARASHTRA &#8212; RESPONDENT (S) JUDGMENT D.K. JAIN, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44951","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Babasahed Apparao Patil vs State Of Maharashtra on 28 November, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/babasahed-apparao-patil-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-28-november-2008\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Babasahed Apparao Patil vs State Of Maharashtra on 28 November, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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